Abstract Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs), as a new type of insecticide, are widely used in agriculture and daily life. Because of the low volatility of NNIs, few studies have evaluated them in atmospheric particulate matter. In this study, 101 outdoor PM 2.5 samples were collected from the Wuhan urban area from 2019 to 2021, leading to the detection of seven NNIs and three of their metabolites. The detection frequencies of all 10 substances were more than 60%, with DIN (dinotefuran) and IMI (imidacloprid) reaching 100%. DIN (52.4 pg/m 3 ) and IMI (43.0 pg/m 3 ) had higher median concentrations than other substances. Concentration distributions of the four substances ACE (acetamiprid), DIN, IMI, and 5-OH-IMI (5-Hydro-Imidacloprid) exhibited statistically significant differences ( P < 0.05) across the four seasons. Concentration levels of ACE, CLO (clothianidin), and IMI were statistically different between the three years ( P < 0.05). The median concentration of imidacloprid-equivalent total neonicotinoids (IMIeq: generated by the relative potency factor method) was 256.1 pg/m 3 . Finally, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of NNIs via respiration was greater in infants and young children than in the rest of the population, suggesting that infants and young children were more likely to be exposed to the health effects of airborne residual PM 2.5 .
The gemological testing methods, infrared absorption spectrum, Raman spectrum and X-ray powder diffraction were employed to study the gemological characteristics, spectral characteristics and structural features of the "She tai cui" jade. It is indicated that most "She tai cui" jade has the refractive index in the range of 1.53 to 1.54, and a density of 2.65-2.79 cm(-1), and the hardness of 6.5 to 7 in addition to the low hardness (< 5) for the pure white one. The mineral constitution is dominated by quartz in most of the "She tai cui" jade, except the white one, which is dominated by dolomite (about 63.91%). The former may contain a certain amount of other impure minerals and is attributed to the quartzite jade, while the latter contains a certain amount of SiO2 (about 34.85%) and a trace amount of calcite and albite, and is attributed to the dolomite jade.
In this paper, Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles were synthesized by applying ultrasound and microwave irradiation simultaneously. The effects of solution tem- perature on properties of CZTS nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, trans- mission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-vis spec- troscopy. The results showed that as-synthesized CZTS nanoparticles had a single phase and stoichiometric com- position, when solution temperature was kept at 180 C. However, when solution temperature was low, the as-pre- pared nanoparticles contained Cu2-xS, Cu2SnS3 and ZnS secondary phases according to the results of XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, TEM showed that the rod-like and hexagonal plate-like nanoparticles formed at low solution temperature. The crystallinity of as-prepared nanoparticles increased with the increasing solution tem- perature. Moreover, the band gap of CZTS nanoparticles obtained at 180 C was 1.58 eV, and that obtained at low temperature was large due to secondary phases.
The experiment was used to investigate the effect of Chicken's plasma protein powder on performance and immunity in 32 crossbred piglets weaned at 28 day of age (4 groups of 4 each, 8.78±0.07 kg live weight). During 0-14 d, pigs were offered for different diets in both treatments, while received the same diet during the rest time of experiment. The effects of chicken's plasma protein powder on performance , cellular immunity of weaned piglets were evaluated. The results indicated that during 0-14d, compared with the control group, Average Daily Gain (ADG), Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) of pigs fed with Chicken's plasma protein increased by 65.50%, 37.11%, respectively (p<0.01); F/G decreased by 16.41% (p<0.01). In 14-28 d, compared with the control group, performance of piglets in Chicken's plasma protein group was improved significantly. Compared with the control group, the serum interleukine-1 (IL-1) decrease by 8.8%, interleukine-1 receptor antagonist and interleukine-4 increased by 17.9%, 16.9%, respectively. The results suggested that Chicken's plasma protein powder could enhance performance and improve the body immune function of piglets.
The purpose of the paper is to design power parameters of snow plough and some relevant research of snow plough in order to improve transport efficiency of vehicles, improving winter driving conditions and avoiding accidents.The paper gives some common methods of snow removal and their advantages and disadvantages.By analyzing and calculating, the paper analyzes the engine power of rotary snow plough is composed of 3 parts of snow throwing power, surplus power and the power of snow plough travel.The paper calculates the snow throwing distance and the power of snow removing that difference with the difference of snow density, the speed of the snow plough and the rotate speed of the collector, and calculates the travel power of the snow plough.It also discusses the problems of blind area caused by guiding tube and solution.It can be the reference for relevant designers.
The transition between the partial depletion (PD) and full depletion (FD) modes of operation is encountered in modern SOI MOSFET with the reduced silicon film thickness. This effect is referred to as dynamic depletion (DD) operation and needs to be included in advanced SOI MOSFET models. The feasibility of developing the surface-potential-based model of SOI MOSFET operating in the DD regime has been demonstrated in [1]. In the present work we develop complete DD SOI MOSFET model based on the industry standard bulk MOSFET model PSP [2] and the equations for the inversion charge originally developed for the thin-film transistor [3]. From a more general point of view, this development adopts the symmetric linearization method [2] to the DD SOI operation while retaining the highly developed description of the small geometry effects in the PSP models of bulk and PD SOI devices [2], [4]. The new model is verified using TCAD simulations of DD SOI devices. The intrinsic drain current of an SOI MOSFET is given by the drift-diffusion equation y q y q I i t f s i φ ox DS ( 1) where W denotes the device width, Cox is the normalized oxide capacitance, y is the coordinate along the channel, is the field-dependent mobility, t is the thermal potential, s f is the front surface potential, qi is the inversion charge per unit area in the charge-sheet approximation [3]. Applying the symmetric linearization method [2], we set qi = qim + m �� � s f sm f ) where qim is the inversion charge at the front surface potential middle point corresponding to s f = sm f , where sm f = ( f ss + sd f )/2, ss f and sd f are the values of s f at the source and drain ends of the channel, respectively, and the linearization coefficient f id is m q q ψ α � . (2)
This paper introduces the basic principle of measuring the axial stress of optical fiber based on Brillouin time domain analysis technology (BOTDA), and applies distributed optical fiber sensing to the axial stress monitoring of power cables. We build a cable axial stress monitoring system based on BOTDA, and in view of the problem that the built-in optical fiber structure of the existing optoelectronic hybrid cable could not be effectively used for stress monitoring, we propose a new type of intelligent sensing cable. The built-in optical fiber adopts a nylon tight-packed structure, so that the force on the optical fiber can effectively represent the axial stress of the cable. We build the Brillouin frequency shift test platform to study the influence of different bending radii on the Brillouin scattering frequency shift of optical fibers when the cable was bent. The test results show that the built-in optical fiber of the cable adopts a nylon tight-packed structure, and combined with BOTDA technology, the stress distribution of each position of the cable can be effectively monitored by analyzing the Brillouin scattering frequency shift, which can reflect the axial stress of different bending radii of the cable. It provides strong support for establishing a cable stress database and building a comprehensive perception platform for power cables.
Abstract Thrombocytopenia is the most frequent haematologic disorder in patients with cirrhosis, and it is perceived as a contributory factor for bleeding events. Cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension (PHT) is often accompanied with mild to moderate thrombocytopenia when they treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). To address whether the risk of variceal hemorrhage after TIPS varies with different platelet count in patients with normal platelet count and thrombocytopenia, we conducted the retrospective controlled study to evaluate the association of platelet count with the risk of variceal bleeding after TIPS. 304 patients were selected to the study. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for potential selection bias. 63 patients from each group could be paired. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between platelet and variceal bleeding after TIPS. Platelet counts of two groups are 185.0 ± 98.7 × 10 9 /L (normal platelet count) and 70.6 ± 39.3 × 10 9 /L (thrombocytopenia) respectively. The bleeding rates of two groups in overall cohort are 10.9% (normal platelet count) and 12.9% (thrombocytopenia). After matched, the bleeding rates of two groups are 11.1% (normal platelet count) and 14.3% (thrombocytopenia) There was no statistically significant difference in bleeding rates between the two groups, either in the whole cohort ( P = 0.671) or in the matched cohort ( P = 0.593). Platelet count was not associated with bleeding events after TIPS (hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval: 0.986–1.005, P = 0.397 in normal platelet count and 95% confidence interval: 0.968–1.020, P = 0.648 in thrombocytopenia). Thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis was not associated with the risk of variceal bleeding episodes post-TIPS. Thrombocytopenia should not be viewed as an absolute contraindication for TIPS.
Objective To explore the predictive value of model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)-Sarcopenia score for survival of cirrhotic patients after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. Methods 289 patients who underwent TIPS between February 2016 and December 2020 were included, they were divided into the sarcopenia group ( n = 138) and non-sarcopenia group ( n = 151) according to whether they were complicated with sarcopenia. Kaplan–Meier curve was used to analyze and compare the prognosis of the above two groups and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify the independent prognostic factors. The performance of different predictive models was compared using C-index. Results During the follow-up, Kaplan–Meier analyses indicated that cumulative survival was significantly lower in sarcopenia group than that in non-sarcopenia group [74.6% vs. 92.7%, HR, 0.24 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.12–0.46), Log-rank P < 0.001]. After multivariate Cox analysis, age [HR, 1.040 (95% CI, 1.015–1.065), P = 0.002], sarcopenia [HR, 3.948 (95% CI, 1.989–7.838), P < 0.001], albumin [HR, 0.945 (95% CI, 0.897–0.997), P = 0.037], and MELD score [HR, 1.156 (95% CI, 1.097–1.217), P < 0.001] were identified as the independent risk factors for mortality after TIPS. The C-indexes of MELD-Sarcopenia, Child-Pugh, MELD, MELD-Na, and the Freiburg index of post-TIPS survival (FIPS) scores were 0.782, 0.688, 0.719, 0.734, and 0.770, respectively. Conclusion Sarcopenia is independently correlated with post-TIPS mortality, and MELD-Sarcopenia score showed the best performance in predicting post-TIPS mortality than the traditional predictive models.
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