The Artificial neural networks are basically signified as a system of neurons that are form of facts or a communication processing of numerical models which is usually based on a genetically neurons. Artificial Neural Network is intricate structured that consists the pair of an interrelated neurons that provides very extreme possibilities for the multiplex problem solving and another applications which can usually plays an essential role in present computer science field so that the researchers from a variant disciplines are designed an artificial neural networks for solving the problems of a pattern recognitions, predictions, optimizations, an associative memory and an control.
Abstract The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein Rb, is a vital regulator of the mammalian cell cycle which is inactivated by phosphorylation. We had shown that Raf-1 kinase binds and phosphorylates Rb early in the G1 phase facilitating its subsequent phosphorylation by cyclin dependent kinases. This phosphorlation released transcriptionally active E2Fs from Rb to facilitate S-phase entry. Disruption of Rb-Raf protein-protein interaction could prevent proliferation and angiogenesis, leading to inhibition of tumor growth in mouse models. We had earlier identified an orally active small molecule, Rb/Raf-1 disruptor 251 (RRD-251) that potently and selectively disrupts Rb/Raf-1 but not Rb/E2F, Rb/prohibitin, Rb/cyclin E or Rb/HDAC interactions. Here, we have made efforts to analyze additional analogues of RRD251; we focused on XW-19B and XW-35B. These compounds inhibited Rb-Raf interaction in vitro and in vivo as shown by ELISA and Immunoprecipitation-Western blot analysis. They also inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and adherence-independent growth of human lung cancer cell lines A549. XW-19B inhibited tumor growth significantly in human A549 xenograft model in nude mice, compared to control while XW-35B showed certain amount of toxicity to animals at 50MPK. Overall, these results showed that Rb-Raf disruptors XW-19B and XW-35B have potential anticancer activity. Thus, selective targeting of Rb/Raf-1 interaction seems to be a promising approach for developing novel chemotherapeutic agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2108. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2108
Early diagnosis is a major aspect for treating any disease and Machine Learning (ML) plays a vital role in speeding up the diagnosis process and increase the efficiency of existing treatment strategies. A short yet effective review of the current trends in diagnosing Alzheimer’s with the help of Machine Learning has been done in this paper. This This review will help in our future work or other contributors working on Drug Repurposing Techniques. In this review, we have found that the Models used in various studies such as ANN, SVM, DNN, CNN etc have achieved accuracy greater than 90% which is a good sign for future work. Upon analysis we have found that various studies have used MRI images for classifying Alzheimer’s. With advancements in computer aided systems, production of quality information from the image processing techniques has introduced various challenges and these challenges are tried to resolve through ML. As the number of studies focusing on the use of ML has increased, the efficiency of the diagnostic systems has also increased and are helping the medical community.
Maintenance of a functional proteome is achieved through the mechanism of proteostasis that involves precise coordination between molecular machineries assisting a protein from its conception to demise. Although each organelle within a cell has its own set of proteostasis machinery, inter-organellar communication and cell non-autonomous signaling bring forth the multidimensional nature of the proteostasis network. Exposure to extrinsic and intrinsic stressors can challenge the proteostasis network, leading to the accumulation of aberrant proteins or a decline in the proteostasis components, as seen during aging and in several diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the role of proteostasis and its regulation in aging and disease, including monogenetic and infectious diseases. We highlight some of the emerging as well as unresolved questions in proteostasis that need to be addressed to overcome pathologies associated with damaged proteins and to promote healthy aging.
Abstract Redox homeostasis is an integral part of many cellular processes, and its perturbation is associated with conditions such as diabetes, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Redox homeostasis or redox potential in organelles is maintained within a particular range to facilitate the organelle specific cellular redox reactions. Previous studies using yeast, cell systems, and nematodes have demonstrated that the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) has a more oxidizing environment while the cytosol exhibits a reducing redox potential. However, we know very little about how universal this phenomenon is. We created transgenic zebrafish ( Danio rerio) lines with roGFP sensors targeted to the ER and cytosol for studying physiological redox potential at the systems level. In the process, we also characterized the ER-targeting signal sequence in D. rerio for the first time. Measurements of the redox state in live embryos found that the endoplasmic reticulum exhibits deviations from its expected oxidizing redox state in different regions of the developing embryos. The ER is far more reducing than expected in certain tissues of the embryo. Cytosol also exhibited unexpected redox states in some parts of the embryo. Notably, the brain showed regions with unexpected redox states in both the ER and the cytosol. Tissue-specific differences in ER-redox potential became even more evident in a transgenic line expressing the more sensitive roGFPiE variant. Thus, live monitoring of redox potential across the developing zebrafish embryos revealed unanticipated redox states of the ER that will require new biological definitions.
Preventing the occurrence of CVD with nutritional interventions is a therapeutic strategy that may warrant greater research attention.The increased use of omega ω-3 fatty acids is a powerful example of one such nutritional strategy that may produce significant cardiovascular benefits.Marine food products have provided the traditional dietary sources of ω-3 fatty acids.Flaxseed is an alternative to marine products.It is one of the richest sources of the plant-based ω-3 fatty acid, ALA.Based on the results of clinical trials, epidemiological investigations and experimental studies, ingestion of ALA has been suggested to have a positive impact on CVD.Because of its high ALA content, the use of flaxseed has been advocated to combat CVD.Amongst its other incredible nutrition facts, flax seeds are also packed with antioxidants.Lignans are unique fiber-related polyphenols that provide us with antioxidant benefits for anti-aging, hormone balance and cellular health.The purpose of the present review was to identify chemical constituents of flaxseeds and their exemplary therapeutic usage with special reference to ALA and, just as importantly, what is presently unknown.
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