Objective: Obstruction of the internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) by the Nuss bars in minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) has been documented in the literature. In this study, we aim to investigate the patency of ITAs before and after repair of the pectus excavatum with the Nuss procedure, by using color Doppler ultrasonography (US). Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients who underwent Nuss procedure were included in this study prospectively. Color Doppler US examinations were performed for comparing ITA patency after insertion of the Nuss bars and after their removal. Patients were evaluated according to gender, age, symmetry of deformity, Haller index, and the number of Nuss bars inserted. Results: Nineteen patients operated with MIRPE (17 male and 2 females with a mean age 21.78±6.35) were enrolled in the study. Eight patients (42.1%) with normal ITA blood flow preoperatively had normal blood flow after removal of the bar. In preoperative examination, 6 patients had bilateral (n=2) or unilateral (n=4) obstruction of the ITA and 5 patients had bilateral (n=2) or unilateral (n=3) abnormally disturbed flow. After the bar removal only 2 (10%) of the affected patients (57.9 %) still had obstruction whereas patent blood flow of the ITAs has been noted in 9 patients. Conclusion: We have shown that after the Nuss bar removal, only 10% of the ITAs are compromised
Purpose: Dental students play a crucial role in promoting positive oral health attitudes and behaviors among their relatives and patients. Students' self reported oral health behaviors may tend to improve as they progress in their dental education. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the difference in self reported oral health behavior and attitudes of a group of Turkish first and final-year students using the Hiroshima University Dental Behavioural Inventory. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 237 students, including first and final-year, studying at XXX University Faculty of Dentistry, were invited. Of these, 187 students (108 first, 73 final-year) agreed to participate. Eleven students (7 first-year, 4 final-year) who did not fill out the questionnaire were excluded. The Hiroshima University Dental Behavioural Inventory was used to measure the behaviors and attitudes of the students regarding oral and dental health. Additionally, three items other than HU-DBI were added to the questionnaire. The analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, and Independent t-test. Results: The responses of 178 students (107 first-year, 69 final-year; 122 female, 54 male) were analyzed. The self reported oral health behavior scores of the final-year students (6.21 ± 1.54) were statistically higher than the scores of the first-year students (5.03 ± 1.76) (p < 0.001). Although the score was slightly higher in females (5.57 ± 1.96) compared to males (5.33 ± 1.27), the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.334). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, education may have a significant positive effect on self reported oral health behavior and attitude of dental students. Based on the findings of university-based evaluations as this study, curricula that can gain positive attitudes to students and oral hygiene programs aimed at improving students' self-care should be developed from the early years. However, further studies that also evaluate the effect of possible confounding variables on oral health behavior should be done to clearly highlight the impact of education.
Background No scientific study has addressed the effects of the routine use of postoperative drains in the donor site after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendons. Hypothesis Patients who have drains placed in their donor sites have less lower extremity edema, more motion, and more comfort in the early postoperative period. Study Design Randomized controlled clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods Thirty-four patients undergoing arthroscopically assisted quadruple hamstring tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were randomly assigned to either receive a drain for 24 hours placed at the donor site (17 patients) or have no drain at the donor site (17 patients). Data were collected on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7 regarding knee flexion, knee extension, thigh circumference, leg circumference, and visual analog scale (measuring pain). Results In the study group versus the control group, there were increased knee flexion measurements on postoperative day 7 (84° vs 69°, P <. 05); smaller thigh circumference measurements on postoperative day 7 (36.8 vs 40.1 cm, P <. 05); smaller leg circumference measurements on postoperative days 3 (33.2 vs 36.4 cm, P <. 05), 5 (32.7 vs 36.0 cm, P <. 05), and 7 (31.8 vs 35.7 cm, P <. 001); and a lower visual analog scale score on postoperative days 3 (40.38 vs 57.50, P =. 001), 5 (38.46 vs 60.35, P =. 001), and 7 (38.07 vs 61.43, P =. 001). Conclusion Drain placement at the donor site after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction gives more comfort to the patient and provides better flexion within the first week.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral health attitude and behavior of a group of Turkish children aged between 6-12 years Methods: A sample of 139 children attending Marmara University Dentistry School (MUDS) Department of Pediatrics Dentistry between December 2002 to April 2003 was selected. Results: The mean age for girls was 8.82 yr (SD=2.06) and for boys was 8.87 yr (SD= 2.04). The reported age of starting tooth brushing was 4.5. 11.5 % of children declared that they changed their brush once a year, 38.8 % twice a year and 25.9% three times a year. 52.5% of children declared that they learned the principles of tooth brushing and the use of dental care products from the MUSD Department of Pediatrics Dentistry dentists during their visits and 78% of those children have applied what they learned from them. Conclusion: It is found necessary to educate mothers of tooth brushing; since the children mostly receive their first training from their mothers. Besides, schools and kindergartens should provide oral hygiene instruction to parents and children.
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the 'Save PDF' action button.
The authors investigated the parameters for predicting epileptiform abnormalities in a group of children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The sample consisted of 148 subjects aged between 6 and 13 (8.76 ± 1.26; 25.7% female) years. Subtypes of ADHD and comorbid psychiatric disorders were defined according to DSM-IV criteria. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Revised was applied to all patients. Most of the subjects (89.2%) had wakefulness and sleep electroencephalography examinations lasting about one hour. The authors found out that the coexistence of speech sound disorder (odds ratio [OR] 3.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61-9.48) and higher Digit Span test performance (OR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06-1.44) predicted the presence of accompanying epileptiform abnormalities. The prevalence of epileptiform abnormalities was 26.4%, and they were frequently localized in the frontal (41%) and centrotemporal (28.2%) regions. Higher percentage of speech sound disorder co-occurrence (64%) in subjects with rolandic spikes suggests that epileptiform abnormalities associated with ADHD can be determined genetically at least in some cases. Pathophysiology of epileptiform abnormalities in ADHD might have complex genetic and maturational background.
