Nathan Smith

Coventry University

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Gro Mjeldheim Sandal

University of Bergen

Emma Barrett

Colorado State University

Joan L. Duda

University of Birmingham

Robert Wuebker

University of Utah

Eleanor Quested

Curtin University

Paul R. Appleton

Manchester Metropolitan University

Damien Tessier

Université Grenoble Alpes

Yannis Tzioumakis

University of Thessaly

Marc V. Jones

Manchester Metropolitan University

ΑΠ

Αθανάσιος Παπαϊωάννου

University of Thessaly

Cooperative Institutions

University of Birmingham

Manchester Metropolitan University

Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences

Universitat de València

University of Utah

Merck (United Kingdom)

University of Manchester

University of Nottingham

Harvard University

Ghent University

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Personal Values Among Crew Members During Long-Duration Space Missions: Temporal Patterns and Implications for Crew Tension

Gro Mjeldheim Sandal Nathan Smith

10.52202/078355-0005

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Mindfulness disposition as a protective factor against stress in Antarctica: A potential countermeasure for long-duration spaceflight?

Journal of Environmental Psychology (2024)

Francesco Pagnini Stijn J.J. Thoolen Nathan Smith Angelique Van Ombergen Francesca Grosso

Long-duration missions in isolated, confined, and extreme environments, including Antarctica and upcoming deep-space operations, can be a source of increased stress. The identification of countermeasures and protective factors is required to support health and performance in similar contexts. Mindfulness disposition is an optimal candidate, but no research has ever explored this potential association. Twenty-four crew members from two Antarctic expeditions at the Concordia base were repeatedly assessed over the course of a 12-month mission for stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and mindfulness, using multiple assessment measures, including the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Langer Mindfulness Scale (LMS), the Breath Counting Task, and the Triangle Task. Results indicate a strong negative association over time between mindfulness and stress, particularly when measured with the MAAS and the LMS. Higher MAAS baseline values were also good predictors of lower stress patterns during the mission. Mindfulness disposition was negatively associated with stress over time, suggesting that it can play an important role in stress mitigation in isolated and confined environments, including long-duration space missions. Furthermore, a mindfulness assessment could be added to the crew selection procedure.

Stressor

Association (psychology)

Spaceflight

Disposition

Perceived Stress Scale

10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102254

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Citations (9)

Entrepreneurial Teams and Individual Well-Being

SSRN Electronic Journal (2021)

Nathan Smith Jana Thiel Robert Wuebker

Why do some individuals thrive during the process of new venture creation, while others experience the dark side of the venturing process? This paper contributes to a growing literature on entrepreneurial well-being by connecting it to the literature on entrepreneurial teams. We begin with two persistent findings from the entrepreneurship literature: first, that individual well- being is critical to venturing outcomes; and second, that entrepreneurship is most often a team sport. Building on self-determination theory, we argue that the satisfaction and thwarting of an entrepreneur’s basic needs is, fundamentally, socially situated - and, consequently, team dynamics are a critical, but relatively undertheorized, input to individual well-being in entrepreneurial settings. We further argue that an individual’s regulatory strategies moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial team dynamics and individual well-being. Our work contributes to an emerging literature on the well-being of entrepreneurs, illuminating the critical role team dynamics and individual coping strategies play in entrepreneurial well-being.

10.2139/ssrn.3912917

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Citations (1)

Monitoring daily events, coping strategies, and emotion during a desert expedition in the Middle East

Stress and Health (2018)

Nathan Smith Emma Barrett Gro Mjeldheim Sandal

Abstract Personnel operating in extreme environmental conditions are exposed to a variety of stressors. Whether a person adjusts to the conditions and is able to cope has implications for their psychological health. In previous extreme‐environment work, temporal changes in stress, coping, and emotion have been reported. Building on previous studies, we used a diary methodology to explore temporal changes in and associations between daily events, coping strategies, and affect during a unique hyperarid desert expedition. Four participants undertaking a crossing of the Empty Quarter desert were recruited to the study. Participants completed pre‐expedition, postexpedition, and 4‐month follow‐up questionnaires. A daily self‐report diary was used to collect situational data. Time‐based changes were analysed before testing predictive models linking events and coping strategies with affective responses. Findings suggest that participants had an overall positive experience. There were changes in both the events experienced and coping strategies used during the expedition. Variation in events and coping strategies significantly predicted fluctuations in positive and negative affect. Results offer valuable mechanistic information that could inform monitoring systems aimed at tracking psychological variables during operations in extreme environments. Results are discussed in relation to the novel context, diary methodology, and implications for those operating in extremes.

Desert (philosophy)

10.1002/smi.2814

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Citations (14)

Human behavior and performance in deep space exploration: next challenges and research gaps

npj Microgravity (2023)

Francesco Pagnini Dietrich Manzey Élisabeth Rosnet Denise Ferravante Olivier White

Abstract As space exploration missions move from low orbit to distant destinations, including the Moon and Mars, new psychological, behavioral, and team challenges will arise. This manuscript represents an up-to-date white paper developed by European experts invited by the European Space Agency (ESA), mapping unfilled research gaps related to the psychology of space exploration, considering the incoming human missions, and accounting for the available scientific knowledge. ESA created the expert team and facilitated its work, but the team was completely independent in terms of contents. The white paper considers basic issues of adaptation, pre-, during-, and post-mission experiences, and possible countermeasures to be developed and tested. The resulting integrative map provides a guide for researchers that are interested in conducting research in the support of future space exploration endeavors.

Deep space exploration

10.1038/s41526-023-00270-7

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Citations (29)

Lighting for Health & Safety

Nathan Smith

Source

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Spanish version of the Multidimensional Motivational Climate Observation System (MMCOS): reliability and validity evidences

Revista de Psicologia del Deporte (2018)

Priscila López Isabel Balaguer Solá Inés Tomás Nathan Smith Joan L. Duda

This article explores the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Multidimensional Motivational Climate Observation System (MMCOS), an instrument based on observational methodology in order to assess the coach-created motivational environment in sport from conceptualization proposed by Duda in 2013, which integrates the Achievement Goal Theory and the Self-Determination Theory. The study examines the interobserver reliability, the general characteristics of the data obtained by the instrument, the factorial structure of the MMCOS and the predictive validity of the observational system in relation to athletes’ reported intentions to drop-out. Thirty-six male grassroots coaches were filmed during a training session and assessed by MMCOS and two hundred and ninety-three players completed a questionnaire that evaluated their intentions to drop-out in the next soccer season. Overall, the results, which indicated satisfactory reliability and provided validity evidences, are discussed around the characteristics of the MMCOS.

Validity

Factorial analysis

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Citations (2)

Multidimensional Motivational Climate Observation System--Spanish Version

PsycTESTS Dataset (2018)

Priscila Fabra Isabel Balaguer Inés Tomás Nathan Smith Joan L. Duda

10.1037/t69152-000

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Psychological Hibernation in Antarctica

Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

Gro Mjeldheim Sandal Fons J. R. van deVijver Nathan Smith

Human activity in Antarctica has increased sharply in recent years. In particular during the winter months, people are exposed to long periods of isolation and confinement and an extreme physical environment that poses risks to health, well-being and performance. The aim of the present study was to gain a better understanding of processes contributing to psychological resilience in this context. Specifically, the study examined how the use of coping strategies changed over time, and the extent to which changes coincided with alterations in mood and sleep. Two crews (N=27) spending approximately 10 months at the Concordia station completed the Utrecht Coping List, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and a structured sleep diary at regular intervals (x 9). The results showed that several variables reached a minimum value during the midwinter period, which corresponded to the third quarter of the expedition. The effect was particularly noticeable for coping strategies (i.e., active problem solving, palliative reactions, avoidance, and comforting cognitions). The pattern of results could indicate that participants during Antarctic over-wintering enter a state of psychological hibernation as a stress coping mechanism.

10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02235

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Citations (52)

Personal values and crew dynamics during long duration space missions: Comparing results from the ISS and space analog settings

Gro Mjeldheim Sandal Nathan Smith Ina Midtun A. G. Vinokhodova Vadim Gushin

Spaceflight

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