Indoor air quality has great impact on the human health. An increasing number of studies have shown that printers could release particulate matters and pose adverse effects on indoor air quality. In this study, a thorough investigation was designed to assess the aerosol printer particle total number concentration (TNC) and size distribution in normal office environment, one copy center, and a clean chamber. Particle analyzers, SMPS, OPS, and CPC3007 were used to monitor the total printing process. In normal office environment, 37 laser printers out of all surveyed 55 printers were classified as high particle emitters. Comparing to laser printers, 5 inkjet printers showed no particle emission. Particle emission level in a copy center increased slightly with TNC elevating to about 2 times of the aerosol background. Simulating test in a clean chamber indicated that printer-emitted particles were dominated by particles in nanoscale (diameter of particle, D(p) < 100 nm). These particles in a sealed clean chamber attenuated so slowly that it still held at high level with the concentration of 1.5 x 10(4) particles/cm3 after printing for 2.5 hours. Our present results demonstrate that printers indeed release particulates which keeping at a high concentration level in the indoor environment. Special care should be taken to this kind of widely applied machines and effective controls of particle emission at printing processes are necessary.
In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOFMS) based on chemical profiling approach to evaluate chemical constitution between mixed decoction and co-decoction of monkshood-pinellia combination of the eighteen incompatible medications (Shi Ba Fan) was proposed. Two different kinds of decoctions, namely monkshood-pinellia co-decoction: water extract of the two herbs together, and monkshood-pinellia mixed decoction: water extract of each individual herbs mixed together, were prepared. Batches of these two kinds of decoction samples were subjected to UPLC/Q-TOFMS analysis, the datasets were processed with MassLynx 4.1 to holistically compare the difference between these two kinds of decoction samples. The most changed components during decocting were analyzed. Using the proposed approach, global chemical difference was found between co-decoction and mixed decoction, mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine were identified as the most changed components (changed most significantly) during decocting. Result shows significant difference between two kinds of decoction samples, and the significant differences are probably related to the incompatibility of monkshood and pinellia.
A review on the progress of application of solid-phase extraction(SPE) to separation and enrichment of lead in food and environmental water was given in this paper,relating especially to topics on its basic principle,adsorption material and ion-imprinted technology(44 ref.cited).
In order to guide the standardized development of commercial rice wine production in rural areas for the health of consumers and keeping the traditional craft inherited for thousands of years.Under the guidance of HACCP,making a specific hazard analysis for each part of rice wine production and sale process;determining the critical control points for the health supervision in the rice wine production and sale process,and developing a corresponding Three-dimensional Integration (integrating self-control of manufacturing and vending,supervision of health supervisory staffs,and the control of broad masses as a whole) health monitoring measures and correcting measures to provide references for effectively preventing and reducing the occurrence of risk factors in the process of production and sale of rice wine.
Abstract TNKS 1 BP 1 is a member of the poly( ADP ‐ribose) polymerase ( PARP ) superfamily. Our previous studies have demonstrated that TNKS 1 BP 1 plays an important role in DNA damage response. But whether and how TNKS 1 BP 1 associates with cancer is still not clear. Here, we found that TNKS 1 BP 1 was upregulated in human lung adenocarcinoma ( LAC ) tissues, and was associated with poor overall survival ( OS ) in LAC patients. Dysregulation of TNKS 1 BP 1 affected the sensitivity of A549 cells to several DNA damage agents including cisplatin, bleomycin, and ionizing radiation. Mechanically, overexpression of TNKS 1 BP 1 increased the accumulation of S phase cells, which was accompanied by a decrease in M phase cells. More importantly, we found TNKS 1 BP 1 regulated genome stability, mainly through affecting the homologous recombination pathway of DNA double‐strand breaks by inhibiting the RAD 51 foci formation. Overall, our study indicates that, in LAC , aberrant expressions of TNKS 1 BP 1 are common events, and overexpression of TNKS 1 BP 1 might affect outcomes of cancer patients to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Previous investigations have indicated that the pharmacological activities of evodiamine, a major alkaloidal component of the dried, unripe fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham (Rutaceae), are associated with the stimulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release and that CGRP protects the myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury. In the present study, we have examined whether evodiamine protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and whether the protective effects of evodiamine are related to the activation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves. Rats were pretreated with evodiamine 10 min before the experiment, and then the left main coronary artery of rat hearts was subjected to 60 min occlusion followed by 180 min reperfusion. Infarct size, the activity of serum creatine kinase, serum concentrations of TNF-α and plasma concentrations of CGRP were measured. Pretreatment with evodiamine (30 or 60 μg/kg, i. v.) markedly increased the content of CGRP in plasma concomitantly with a significant reduction in infarct size, the activity of serum creatine kinase, and TNF-α level, and the effects of evodiamine were completely abolished by capsazepine (5.0 mg/kg, s. c.), a competitive vanilloid receptor antagonist. These results suggest that evodiamine exerts a protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and that the protective effects of evodiamine are related to stimulation of CGRP release via activation of vanilloid receptors.
Objective To quantitatively analyze the effects of high background radiation area (HBRA) on the frequencies of translocation and unstable chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.Methods Based on the data from 9 published articles retrieved from 7 electronic databases,the Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of high natural background radiation (HNBR) on the frequencies of chromosome aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in 17 777 persons from HBRA and 10 386 from the control area (CA).Cochrane's Q and I2 statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies and pooling odds ratio (OR) with 95％ confidence intervals (95％ CI) were calculated using random-effect models.Publication bias was also calculated by funnel plot,Egger linear regression test and Begg rank correlation test.Results The pooling OR of translocation [OR(95％ CI) =1.57(1.10-2.24)] and unstable chromosome aberration [OR(95％ CI) =2.04(1.32-3.14)] of long-term exposed inhabitants living in HBRA were higher than control.The subgroup analysis showed that,fortranslocation,the OR (95％ CI) were 1.24 (1.09-1.42,I2 =0.00) for male,1.37 (1.17-1.60,I2 =0.00) for female,1.17 (1.05-1.30,I2 =69.50％) for adults,and 1.38 (1.25-1.51,I2 =0.00) for Chinese.For unstable chromosome aberration,the OR (95％ CI) were 3.78 (2.40-5.97,I2 =0.00) for female,2.60 (2.25-3.00,I2 =69.60％) for adults,1.03(0.85-1.24,I2 =0.00) for children,3.19 (2.46-4.13,I2 =21.60％) for Iranian,and 1.64 (1.33-2.02,I2 =0.00) for Chinese.HBRA,age and sex differences were the reasons of above heterogeneity.Conclusions To the inhabitants living in HBRA,the frequencies of translocation and unstable chromosome aberration of peripheral blood lymphocytes are higher than those in control area.More comprehensive analysis should be performed to assess the health risk in HBRA inhabitants,which may arise new stragety in radiation protection.
Key words:
High natural background radiation; Chromosome aberration; Meta-analysis
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