In this study, we describe a 10.0‐inch 1080 × 2880 capacitive curved‐faced prototype liquid crystal display for automotive use, which has integrated in‐cell touch panel technology. A sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio of 100–160 was achieved with this display despite the 1.1‐mm‐thick cover glass.
Podocytic infolding glomerulopathy (PIG) has been proposed as a new disease entity. A 14-year-old girl underwent renal biopsy at our institution because of a chance finding of proteinuria. Light microscopic findings revealed a minor glomerular abnormality, but under a higher magnification, after periodic acid methenamine silver staining, a bubbling appearance in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) was observed. An electron microscopic examination revealed microspheres in the GBM, which were sparse but global. The patient was diagnosed as having PIG. After 3 years, her urinary protein had increased and a second biopsy was performed, showing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in addition to a lesser degree of podocytic infolding than at the first biopsy. This is the first report of a case complicated by a different type of glomerulonephritis after being diagnosed as PIG. A few cases of PIG are complicated by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, suggesting several mechanisms for the disorder.
Abstract Purpose: The sensitivity of human tumor tissues to infection with recombinant adenoviruses correlates with the expression of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). CAR has been shown to function as the primary receptor for adenoviruses and to play a critical role in adenovirus entry into host cells. It is important for clinical gene therapy to determine the expression level of CAR in tumor tissues. Experimental Design: We analyzed the expression of CAR mRNA in 154 musculoskeletal tumor tissues from 154 patients and 10 normal mesenchymal tissues from 3 patients using reverse transcription-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR. An adenovirus infection assay was performed in two cell lines that were established from CAR-positive osteosarcoma tissue and CAR-negative malignant fibrous histiocytoma tissue. Results: Ninety-nine of 154 tumors were detected as CAR positive by reverse transcription-PCR. We found that the expression levels of CAR mRNA varied markedly between different tumors as determined by real-time quantitative PCR. CAR mRNA was expressed at high levels in osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, neurofibroma, and schwannoma; at intermediate levels in exostosis, giant cell tumor, liposarcoma, synovial sarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and hemangioma; and at low levels in alveolar soft part sarcoma and desmoid. Whereas the osteosarcoma cell line that expressed a high level of CAR mRNA, like its parent tumor, had a high efficiency of adenovirus infection, the malignant fibrous histiocytoma cell line with almost undetectable expression of CAR mRNA, like its parent tumor, had a low efficiency of infection. Conclusions: Our data showed the great variations in CAR mRNA expression among human musculoskeletal tumors and mesenchymal tissues and implicated the potential usefulness of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy for osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, neurofibroma, and schwannoma. Efficient transduction with adenovirus for gene therapy could be realized in appropriate, sensitive tumor types.
In this study the formula for expressing contact resistance Rc between the aluminum (Al) current collector and positive electrode composite in lithium secondary batteries is derived as follows: (1) Rc is proportional to the thickness of the Al oxide film and apparent electric susceptibility of the composite χe. (2) Rc decreases when the active material is coated with Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) due to the reduction of χe. (3) χe can be formulated by the contribution ratio Ci of the component i of the composite, with Ci determined by the dispersed condition of the composite.
Hypogammaglobulinemia is a reduction or absence of immunoglobulin, which may be congenital or associated with immunosuppressive therapy. In addition to infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases have also been reported in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. A 26-year-old man with hypogammaglobulinemia had multiple joint pain and swelling with erosive changes in the proximal interphalangeal joint of the right middle finger on X-ray film, mimicking rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As polyarthritis remained after immunoglobulin replacement therapy and there was no finding indicating any infection at that time, a diagnosis of RA was made. Prednisolone and etanercept were started. However, his polyarthritis did not improve and he developed meningitis and massive brain ischemia. Finally, a diagnosis of disseminated Mycoplasma hominis infection was made. The differential diagnosis of polyarthritis in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia should strictly exclude Mycoplasma infection by culture with special media or longer anaerobic culture, and molecular methods for mycoplasma.
The electrophotography system, such as a copier or a laser printer, requires multi-pole magnets for its magnetic development system. Some of the development magnets are produced by in-process magnetization of injection molded plastic magnet. The magnets produced by such a process have complex magnetization distribution. This distribution is reuired for the calculation of magnetic field but generally not known and difficult to express by a formula. Therefore it is necessary to estimate the magnetization distribution of the development magnets. In this paper, an estimation method consisting of two processes was proposed. The first process is an approximation of static magnetic field from the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnet by using magnetic dipole moments. The second process is a calculation of the magnetization distribution of the magnet which makes the magnetic field equivalent to the approximated magnetic field in the first process. This calculation is formulated as an optimization problem.
