To detect the sexual hormone level in semen of patients with idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia, and further analyze the relationship between sexual hormone and idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia.50 male patients with idiopathic azoospermia, 50 in idiopathic oligospermia and 50 male controls with normal sperm density were selected. The sperm density and sexual hormone in semen were detected respectively by routine semen analysis and chemical luminescence technique.The values of LH were (5.19 +/- 0.67) IU/L and (4.77 +/- 0.68) IU/L, and those of FSH were (1.90 +/- 0.79) IU/L and (2.27 +/- 0.25) IU/L in idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia respectively, and the values of LH and FSH were (2.19 +/- 0.22) IU/L and (1.61 +/- 0.14) IU/L in normal control group respectively. There were significant differences in the values of LH and FSH between idiopathic azoospermia and normal control group(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The values of PRL were (6.25 +/- 0.51) ng/ml and (6.33 +/- 0.34) ng/ml, and those of T were (1.51 +/- 0.12) ng/ml and (1.68 +/- 0.71) ng/ml in idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia respectively, and the values of PRL and T were (6.36 +/- 0.32) ng/ml and (1.83 +/- 0.09) ng/ml in normal control group respectively. There were no significant difference in the values of PRL between idiopathic azoospermia, oligospermia and normal control group, but there were significant differences of T between idiopathic azoospermia and normal control. Compared with 0.84 +/- 0.20 in normal control, the values of T/LH were 0.35 +/- 0.09 and 0.29 +/- 0.04 in idiopathic oligospermia and azoospermia respectively and there were significant differences(P < 0.05).The changes of LH, FSH and T values may be one of the reasons that cause the dysfunction of spermatogenesis and sperm maturation in patients with idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia. The study of semen hormone may lead to new strategies in the treatment to azoospermia and oligospermia.
To study the chemical constituents of Stelmatocrypton khasinum.Using chromatographic methods to isolate compounds from S. khasinum and chemical and spectral methods to elucidate their structures.Eight compounds, cleomiscosin A(1), 4-methoxy salicylicaldehyde(2), vanillin(3), isovanillin(4), 4-methoxy salicylic acid(5), isovanillic acid(6), 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(7) and 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid(8) were isolated from the stem of S. khasianum.Except compound 2, all the compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.
A mixture of homodeoxyharringtonine(5) and its epimer(6), with a yield of 67%, have been obtained by means of Reformatsy reaction of 2'-oxo-6'-methyl heptanoylcephalotaxine(abbreviated as α-keto acyl-cephalotaxine)(4) and methyl bromoacetate in the presence of freshly prepared active zinc. The separation is effected by fractional crystallization of their picrates and subsequent recovery of the free alkaloids to give pure 5 and 6. The assignment of structure of 5 and 6 were done by comparing their IR, ~1H NMR and MS with the corresponding spectra of deoxyharringtonine and epideoxyharringtonine. In the same way recemic ±5 and ±6 were also obtained by using racemic α-keto-acyl-cephalotaxine(±4) instead of 4. The TLC, IR ~1H NMR and MS data of ±5 and ±6 are identical wth those of 5 and 6 respectively. 3-O-(methoxycarbonyl-methylene)-cephalotaxine(7) and its racemic isomer ±7 were obtained as by-products in small amounts. The structure of 7 and ±7 were determined by IR, ~1H NMR and mass spectra.
The poor prognosis of advanced laryngocarcinoma was associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), which was related to the dysregulated expression of free fatty acids receptor 4 (FFAR4). By detecting the expression of FFAR4 in laryngocarcinoma and its relation with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of laryngocarcinoma, as well as conducting in vitro experiments, our aim is to explore the role of FFAR4 in laryngocarcinoma biological and clinical process.The protein expression level of FFAR4 in 54 cases of laryngocarcinoma and 30 cases of laryngocarcinoma adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Combined with clinical follow-up data, the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test were conducted to compare the relation between the expression of FFAR4, the clinicopathological characteristics, and the 5-year survival rate in laryngocarcinoma. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed the independent predictors for the prognosis of laryngocarcinoma. CCK-8 and migration assay were used to test cell proliferation and migration abilities.FFAR4 was upregulated in laryngocarcinoma tissues and influenced cell proliferation and migration abilities. The FFAR4 expression was related to the age and lymph node metastasis in laryngocarcinoma patients and indicated a reduced 5-year survival rate and increased lymph node metastasis.The upregulation FFAR4 expression was associated with the lymph node metastasis and the prognosis. FFAR4 can significantly promote laryngocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration in vitro.
To separate the constituents from Eucommia ulmoides.The constituents were separated by the repeated chromatography and identified by spectral methods.The seven compounds were obtained, which were kaempferol(1), quercetin(2), astragalin(3), hirsutin(4), rutin(5), 3,4-dihydrobenzonic acid(6), ethyl glucopyranoside(7).Compounds 3-7 were obtained from leaves of E. ulmoides for the first time.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on intestinal mucosal barrier in rat sepsis and explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS E. coli was injected intraperitoneally to produce rats sepsis models. Forty-two female SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (group C), sepsis group (group S) and treatment group (group T). Group S and group T were further divided into 1 d and 3 d subgroups (T1d,T3d, Sld, S3d), respectively. The expression of IGF-1 mRNA in liver, expression of Bcl-2 protein in intestine, bacteria translocation, the levels of growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in plasma, and the histological appearance of intestine were determined dynamically by means of RT-PCR, radioimmunoassay, immunohistochemical staining and other corresponding methods, respectively. RESULTS (1) rhGH could significantly attenuate intestinal mucosal injuries and ameliorate bacteria translocation on sepsis rats. (2) The levels of Bcl-2 protein expression in intestine in group T (T1d:2441 +/- 117; T3d: 3628 +/- 235) were obviously higher than those of group S (S1d: 321 +/- 36; S3d: 1873 +/- 57) (P < 0.01). (3) The plasma levels of GH in group T (T1d: 1.28 +/- 0.24 microg/L; T3d: 2.14 +/- 0.48 microg/L) increased markedly than those of group S (S1d: 0.74 -/+ 0.12 microg/L; S3d: 0.60 +/- 0.18 microg/L) (P < 0.01). (4) The plasma levels of IGF-1 in group T (Tld: 168.94 +/- 65.67 microg/L; T3d: 201.56 +/- 64.98 microg/L) elevated significantly than those of group S (Sld: 116.72 +/- 13.96 microg/L; S3d:107.50 +/- 23.53 microg/L) (P < 0.05). (5) The levels of liver IGF-1 mRNA in group T (Tld: 0.98 +/- 0.20; T3d: 1.76 +/- 0.17) were significantly higher than those in group S (S1d: 0.38 +/- 0.09; S3d: 0.46 +/- 0.10) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION rhGH conferred protective efficacy in maintaining the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier against sepsis in rat. The possible mechanisms might involve the rhGH-diminished apoptosis of intestinal mucosa cells and the rhGH-maintained intestinal mucosa barrier via the roles of GH and IGF-1.
To investigate the relationship between microRNA-149 (rs2292832), microRNA-499 (rs2292832) polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility by meta-analysis.We used"hepatocellular carcinoma/HCC","miRNA-149/miR-149/microRNA-149", and"miRNA-499/miR-499/microRNA-499"as key words to search papers in databases including China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature (CBM), Vip Citation Databases (VIP), Wanfang, PubMed and Web of Science databases, and collected the case-control studies on the association of rs2292832 or rs3746444 and the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma from updated to May 31st 2015. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and pooled OR with 95% CI was calculated. A bioinformatics analysis was further conducted.A total of 13 research papers were collected, and 5 studies for rs2292832 and 12 studies for rs3746444. 1 096 cases and 1 701 controls were included for rs2292832 and 3 117 cases and 4 126 controls were included for rs3746444. Meta-analysis failed to detect associations between rs2292832, rs3746444 and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma under each genetic model tested and alleles of OR(95% CI) were 0.99(0.78-1.28) and 1.11(0.88-1.40). However, subgroup analysis showed that rs3746444 C allele seem to be associated with an increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk in both researches which had more than 400 samples and which used more accurate genotyping methods, and OR(95%CI) were 1.32(1.02-1.70) and 1.34(1.09-1.66), respectively. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis also showed that the expression of both SNPs were down-regulated in HepG2 cells and indicated possible functional effects on gene transcription. Cochran's Q test indicated that there was the heterogeneity among the studies included.No significant association was found between rs2292832, rs3746444 and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma, but subgroup study indicated C allele might be associated with increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk for rs3746444. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the two SNPs might have possible influence on gene transcription.
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