Orlando Yañez

University of Bern

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Peter Neumann

Agroscope

Joachim R. de Miranda

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Verena Strobl

University of Bern

Geoffrey R. Williams

Auburn University

Robert J. Paxton

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

Nor Chejanovsky

Agricultural Research Organization

Daniel Schläppi

University of Bern

Yves Le Conte

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Denis Michez

University of Mons

Lars Straub

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok

Cooperative Institutions

University of Bern

Agroscope

Federal Office for Agriculture

University of Otago

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

Agricultural Research Service

United States Department of Agriculture

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Ghent University

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PoshBee Toolbox: A portfolio of high quality methodologies, tools, and practice guides for pollinators

Mark J. F. Brown Philippe Bulet Marie‐Pierre Chauzat Alexandra‐Maria Klein Anina Knauer

Policies and management practices for managed bees and other pollinators are increasingly reliant on the availability of high quality data in order to inform them. This in turn requires the widespread adoption of state-of-the-art standardised methods and approaches so that new data and knowledge are both robust and trustworthy. The PoshBee project has developed, tested, and validated a wide range of new tools. These include, but are not limited to: experimental protocols, monitoring tools, technological tools and practice guides. The wide scale application of these, and other tools will help ensure that researchers, risk assessors, policymakers, beekeepers, and agri-food industry are producing data to the highest standards in a way that increases comparability and transparency.

Toolbox

Comparability

Citizen Science

10.3897/arphapreprints.e112175

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The Honey Bee Pathosphere of Mongolia: European Viruses in Central Asia

PLoS ONE (2016)

Khaliunaa Tsevegmid Peter Neumann Orlando Yañez

Parasites and pathogens are apparent key factors for the detrimental health of managed European honey bee subspecies, Apis mellifera. Apicultural trade is arguably the main factor for the almost global distribution of most honey bee diseases, thereby increasing chances for multiple infestations/infections of regions, apiaries, colonies and even individual bees. This imposes difficulties to evaluate the effects of pathogens in isolation, thereby creating demand to survey remote areas. Here, we conducted the first comprehensive survey for 14 honey bee pathogens in Mongolia (N = 3 regions, N = 9 locations, N = 151 colonies), where honey bee colonies depend on humans to overwinter. In Mongolia, honey bees, Apis spp., are not native and colonies of European A. mellifera subspecies have been introduced ~60 years ago. Despite the high detection power and large sample size across Mongolian regions with beekeeping, the mite Acarapis woodi, the bacteria Melissococcus plutonius and Paenibacillus larvae, the microsporidian Nosema apis, Acute bee paralysis virus, Kashmir bee virus, Israeli acute paralysis virus and Lake Sinai virus strain 2 were not detected, suggesting that they are either very rare or absent. The mite Varroa destructor, Nosema ceranae and four viruses (Sacbrood virus, Black queen cell virus, Deformed wing virus (DWV) and Chronic bee paralysis virus) were found with different prevalence. Despite the positive correlation between the prevalence of V. destructor mites and DWV, some areas had only mites, but not DWV, which is most likely due to the exceptional isolation of apiaries (up to 600 km). Phylogenetic analyses of the detected viruses reveal their clustering and European origin, thereby supporting the role of trade for pathogen spread and the isolation of Mongolia from South-Asian countries. In conclusion, this survey reveals the distinctive honey bee pathosphere of Mongolia, which offers opportunities for exciting future research.

Apiary

Deformed wing virus

10.1371/journal.pone.0151164

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Citations (25)

Presence ofNosema ceranaein Africanized honey bee colonies in Costa Rica

Journal of Apicultural Research (2008)

Rafael A. Calderón Luis Ángel Cuecuecha Sánchez Orlando Yañez Natalia Fallas

"Presence of Nosema ceranae in Africanized honey bee colonies in Costa Rica." Journal of Apicultural Research, 47(4), pp. 328–329

Nosema ceranae

10.1080/00218839.2008.11101485

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Citations (39)

Multiple mating by both sexes in an invasive insect species, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)

Insect Science (2022)

Anna Papach Alexis Beaurepaire Orlando Yañez Meret Huwiler Geoffrey R. Williams

Multiple mating by both sexes is common among sexually reproducing animals. Small hive beetles (SHB), Aethina tumida, are parasites of bee nests endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and have become a widespread invasive species. Despite the considerable economic damages they can cause, their basic biology remains poorly understood. Here we show that male and female small hive beetles can mate multiple times, suggesting that costs for mating are low in this species. In an invasive A. tumida population in the United States, a combination of laboratory experiments for males and paternity analysis with eight polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers for field-caught females were used to estimate the number of mating by both sexes. The data show that females and males can mate multiple times-females mated with up to eight males, whereas males mated with at least seven females. The results also showed that A. tumida displayed a skewed paternity, although this was not consistent among the tested females. Thus, first or last male advantage seem to be unlikely in A. tumida. Our observations that individuals of both sexes of A. tumida can mate multiple times opens new research avenues for examining drivers of multiple mating and determining the role it may play in promoting biological invasions.

10.1111/1744-7917.13112

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Citations (2)

Data_Schläppietal2021_Thiamethoxam_and_ABPV_in_LNiger.xlsx

Figshare (2021)

Daniel Schläppi Nina Kettler Gaétan Glauser Lars Straub Orlando Yañez

Raw data of a long term experiment to disentangle stressor interactions of the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam and Acute bee paralysis virus on ants (Lasius niger)

10.6084/m9.figshare.14071373

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Les pollens réduisent la sensibilité des abeilles aux pesticides… mais pas de manières égale

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (2021)

Lena Barascou Déborah Sené Alexandre Barraud Denis Michez Victor Lefebvre

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Protein nutrition governs within-host race of honey bee pathogens

Scientific Reports (2017)

Manuel Tritschler Jutta Vollmann Orlando Yañez Nor Chejanovsky Karl Crailsheim

Multiple infections are common in honey bees, Apis mellifera, but the possible role of nutrition in this regard is poorly understood. Microsporidian infections, which are promoted by protein-fed, can negatively correlate with virus infections, but the role of protein nutrition for the microsporidian-virus interface is unknown. Here, we challenged naturally deformed wing virus - B (DWV-B) infected adult honey bee workers fed with or without pollen ( = protein) in hoarding cages, with the microsporidian Nosema ceranae. Bee mortality was recorded for 14 days and N. ceranae spore loads and DWV-B titers were quantified. Amongst the groups inoculated with N. ceranae, more spores were counted in protein-fed bees. However, N. ceranae infected bees without protein-diet had reduced longevity compared to all other groups. N. ceranae infection had no effect on protein-fed bee's longevity, whereas bees supplied only with sugar-water showed reduced survival. Our data also support that protein-feeding can have a significant negative impact on virus infections in insects. The negative correlation between N. ceranae spore loads and DWV-B titers was stronger expressed in protein-fed hosts. Proteins not only enhance survival of infected hosts, but also significantly shape the microsporidian-virus interface, probably due to increased spore production and enhanced host immunity.

Nosema ceranae

Deformed wing virus

10.1038/s41598-017-15358-w

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Citations (54)

Host sharing by the honey bee parasites Lotmaria passim and Nosema ceranae

Ecology and Evolution (2017)

Manuel Tritschler Gina Retschnig Orlando Yañez Geoffrey R. Williams Peter Neumann

Abstract The trypanosome Lotmaria passim and the microsporidian Nosema ceranae are common parasites of the honey bee, Apis mellifera , intestine, but the nature of interactions between them is unknown. Here, we took advantage of naturally occurring infections and quantified infection loads of individual workers ( N = 408) originating from three apiaries (four colonies per apiary) using PCR to test for interactions between these two parasites. For that purpose, we measured the frequency of single and double infections, estimated the parasite loads of single and double infections, and determined the type of correlation between both parasites in double infections. If interactions between both parasites are strong and antagonistic, single infections should be more frequent than double infections, double infections will have lower parasite loads than single infections, and double infections will present a negative correlation. Overall, a total of 88 workers were infected with N. ceranae , 53 with L. passim , and eight with both parasites. Although both parasites were found in all three apiaries, there were significant differences among apiaries in the proportions of infected bees. The data show no significant differences between the expected and observed frequencies of single‐ and double‐infected bees. While the infection loads of individual bees were significantly higher for L. passim compared to N. ceranae , there were no significant differences in infection loads between single‐ and double‐infected hosts for both parasites. These results suggest no strong interactions between the two parasites in honey bees, possibly due to spatial separation in the host. The significant positive correlation between L. passim and N. ceranae infection loads in double‐infected hosts therefore most likely results from differences among individual hosts rather than cooperation between parasites. Even if hosts are infected by multiple parasites, this does not necessarily imply that there are any significant interactions between them.

Nosema ceranae

Apiary

Parasitic infection

Parasite load

10.1002/ece3.2796

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Citations (31)

COLOSS Virus Task Force: A Journey to the Dark Side of Honey Bee Health

Bee World (2021)

Nor Chejanovsky Orlando Yañez Anne Dalmon

Great Rift

Task force

10.1080/0005772x.2021.2000695

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Citations (2)

Trypanosomatid parasites infecting managed honeybees and wild solitary bees

International Journal for Parasitology (2019)

Verena Strobl Orlando Yañez Lars Straub Matthias Albrecht Peter Neumann

The parasite Crithidia mellificae (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae) infects honeybees, Apis mellifera. No pathogenic effects have been found in individual hosts, despite positive correlations between infections and colony mortalities. The solitary bee Osmia cornuta might constitute a host, but controlled infections are lacking to date. Here, we challenged male and female O. cornuta and honeybee workers in laboratory cages with C. mellificae. No parasite cells were found in any control. Parasite numbers increased 6.6 fold in honeybees between days 6 and 19 p.i. and significantly reduced survival. In O. cornuta, C. mellificae numbers increased 2–3.6 fold within cages and significantly reduced survival of males, but not females. The proportion of infected hosts increased in O. cornuta cages with faeces, but not in honeybee cages without faeces, suggesting faecal – oral transmission. The data show that O. cornuta is a host of C. mellificae and suggest that males are more susceptible. The higher mortality of infected honeybees proposes a mechanism for correlations between C. mellificae infections and colony mortalities.

10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.03.006

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Citations (40)