Objective
To investigate changes in the mental health status of pelagic fishermen during prolonged voyage, so as to provide solid evidence for further comprehensive investigation and development of mental health protection measures.
Methods
SCL-90 symptom checklist, sRSS sleep questionnaire, the revised version of MBI-GS burnout inventory by Professor Li Chaoping and Coping style scale were used to perform a repeated cross-sectional group questionnaire survey and analysis in pelagic fishermen, 3 days before sailing, at month 3 and month 6 during voyage, and at day7 after voyage. The obtained data were compared with those of the Chinese norms and statistical analysis was also made in the study.
Results
There was no statistical significance in the scores of SCL-90 scales 3 days before sailing, as compared with those of the Chinese adult norms (P>0.05). However, at month 3 after prolonged voyage, the mental health status of the pelagic fishermen as a whole was significantly decreased. Total average scores of the 10 factors and SCL-90 were significantly higher than those of the data detected 3 days before sailing and at day 7 after sailing (P<0.01). Furthermore, the data detected at month 6 were further increased, as compared with those detected at month 3 (P<0.05). In addition, such data as sleep time, sleep quality, lack of awakening, lack of sleep, difficulty in falling asleep, sleep instability, nightmare and night terror, medication and total sleep scores of the pelagic fishermen were all significantly lower than those of the Chinese norms and the oceangoing seafarers, and statistical significance could be noticed when comparisons were made between them (P<0.05 or P<0.01) Three months after voyage, the 3 dimensional scores of the burnout inventory and burnout comprehensive scores in the pelagic fishermen were all significantly higher than those 3 days before sailing and at day 7 after sailing (P<0.01). Furthermore, the burnout scores detected at month 6 were higher than those detected at month 3, also with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the 14 coping styles, the percentage of relief only through the access of smoking and alcoholism in the pelagic fishermen was higher than that of the Chinese norms. However, the scores of other coping styles were all lower than those of the Chinese norms, also with statistical significance (P<0.01).
Conclusions
The mental status of the pelagic fishermen obviously got lower after 3 months of prolonged voyage, and it would further worsen at month 6. The mental health status of the pelagic fishermen during prolonged voyage was poor, which relevant administrative departments should pay special attention to.
Key words:
Pelagic fisherman; Mental health; Oceangoing voyage; SCL-90 scale
The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the anti‑inflammatory activities of curcumin and its three metabolites, tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin and octahydrocurcumin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The results demonstrated that overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) was potently inhibited following treatment with curcumin and its three metabolites. In addition, curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin significantly inhibited the release of prominent cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and interleukin‑6 (IL‑6); however, hexahydrocurcumin and octahydrocurcumin did not significantly alter cytokine release. Furthermore, the present study investigated the effect of curcumin and its metabolites on the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) and activated‑nuclear factor kappa B (NF‑κB); the results showed that curcumin and its three metabolites significantly inhibited LPS‑mediated upregulation of iNOS and COX‑2 as well as NF‑κB activation. However, curcumin exerted a more potent effect on LPS‑stimulated RAW 264.7 cells compared to that of its three metabolites, of which tetrahydrocurcuim was found to be the most pharmacologically active. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that curcumin and its major metabolites inhibited the LPS‑induced inflammatory response via the mechanism of inhibiting NF‑κB translocation to the nucleus.
Objective
To explore preliminarily if early spontaneous abortion was related with the changes in the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme(TACE) in the villus and embryo decidual tissue of uterus.
Methods
Relative quantitative reverse transcription polymerize chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and Western Blot were applied to detect and then compare TACE mRNA and protein in villus tissues and decidual tissue of early spontaneous abortion and normal pregnant artificial abortion at the same stage.
Results
Relative quantitative RT-PCR detection indicated that the TACE mRNA expression levels in villus and decidual tissues of normal pregnant human were obviously higher than those of the early spontaneous abortion. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that TACE protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of villous trophoblast cells and luminal epithelial cells and gland epithelial cells of the pregnant decidual tissue. And both immunohistochemical analyses and Western Blot all indicated that TACE protein expression was basically identical to the result detected by relative quantitative RT-PCR, i. e. TACE protein expression levels in villus and decidual tissue of normal pregnant human were significantly higher than those of the early spontaneous abortion.
Conclusions
It was presumed that the low TACE expression level in villus and decidual tissue in spontaneous abortion patients might be associated the occurrence of early spontaneous abortion.
Key words:
Spontaneous abortion; Tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme; Relative quantitative RT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry
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