Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and fatal complication of COVID-19 infection. COVID-19's main clinical manifestations are not only pneumonia but also coagulation disorders. This study evaluates the prevalence of pulmonary embolism at CT pulmonary angiography (CTA) for positive coronavirus patients as well as the factors associated with PE severity. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that was conducted at King Faisal Medical Complex (KFMC) in Taif city of Saudi Arabia from June 2020 to June 2021. Data was collected from the picture archiving and communication system (PACs) for a total of 445 positive patients who underwent CT pulmonary angiography and analyzed using SPSS. The mean age and gender of the male were 57.3 ± 15.8 years and 64.5%, respectively. The prevalence of pulmonary embolism at CTA among patients with COVID-19 was found to be 8.1%. Bilateral segmental and bilateral subsegmental pulmonary embolism were found to be the most common sites for PE (16.7% for each). Furthermore, shortness of breath (SOB) was found to be the most common reported symptom among the respondents. Lastly, shortness of breath, chest pain, loss of taste or smell, D-dimer, and cardiac troponin were found to be significantly associated with PE (P-value = < 0.001, <0.001, 0.001, <0.001 and 0.037 respectively). Present results show that the prevalence of pulmonary embolism among COVID19 patients with CT Pulmonary Angiography at KFMC is relatively low (8.1%) and most of the patients were from the ICU department. Early detection and treatment of COVID-19 patients with PE and APE complications are critical for lowering the mortality rate.
Background: Wide variable modalities and imaging techniques are used in the diagnosis of several urinary tract diseases.The availability, ease of acquisition, and diagnostic capability of CT are such that it remains the modality of choice when it comes to evaluate urinary tract diseases.Aims: To study renal disease using computed tomography at Taif, Saudi Arabia, and to determine the relationship between the CT finding and the patient's gender, age, and clinical finding.Methods: This is a retrospective study that was conducted at King
Background: The clinical show of illnesses including the thoracic aorta goes from countless patients who have no symptoms, having a medically imperceptible thoracic part of the Arora to victims with side effects of extreme ribcage torment because of intense aortic analysis. Objective: A retrospective study was conducted in computed tomography CT departments of three hospitals to quantify the average thoracic aorta width in the population of Sudan to compare it with international measurements. Methodology: The data collected from 500 randomly selected non-pathological patients were analyzed by the SPSS program and presented in tables and figures. Results: Results revealed that the diameter of the aorta is affected by the body length, age of the patient, and weight, except the gender which is a non-significant factor. Also, the typical size of the plunging part of the Aorta was 12.17±1.78 cm, the proximal diameter of the aorta was 2.51±0.56 cm, the focus width was 2.08±0.41 cm, and the distal breadth was 2.11±0.45 cm. The width of the aorta is very susceptible to size as well as out of the individual. Furthermore, an unusually large distinction (P=0.001) was seen between age and distant breadth of the aorta, although a small distinction (P=0.018) was obtained between the patient's level and terminal breadth of the aortic arch. Conclusion: It is reasoned that the figured tomography is assuming an extraordinary part in the estimation of the ordinary width of slipping of the thoracic aorta by giving a subtle depiction of sliding thoracic aorta breadth in a gathering of the solid Sudanese populace. Keywords: Thor Aorta, Computed tomography, Statistical analysis, Sudan
Background: Despite its limitations in diagnosing certain spinal cord and spinal column disorders, conventional radiography can be employed as the first imaging modality in patients presenting with spinal disorders caused by bone abnormalities.Material and methods: A retrospective study conducted in Taif City-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital and King Faisal Hospital from November 2020 to February 2021 to evaluate spinal diseases in Saudi population using conventional X-ray in Al-Taif city.The data was collected after receiving ethical approval from the administration of research and studies in the directorate of health affairs-Taif, and then analyzed using SPSS version 23, descriptive statistics were used to assess the frequency and percentage of disorder, and then Pearson's chi square test was used to correlate the prevalence with age and gender.Results: Scoliosis is the most common spinal disorder among the selected sample (73.4 percent), scoliosis occurs more frequently in females, while transitional lumbosacral vertebrae affect males more than females regardless of the number of females in the study sampling, no There was a substantial relationship found between age, gender, and spinal disorders seen on conventional radiography (p -value > 0.05).Conclusion: The study concluded that the most common spine disorder diagnosed by conventional radiology among selected sample is scoliosis, with the younger age groups are more affected.
This was cross sectional study done in Khartoum state Sudan in Alhikma Polyclinics in the period from 2018-2020, to measure parotid gland volume in a symptomatic Sudanese population by ultrasonography.The study done in 251 adult Sudanese in age ranged 18-53 years with mean age 30.63 years, after an ethical approval taken from each patient, high frequency ultrasound of parotid glands is performed, the data collected by data sheet then analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).The study demonstrate that the mean parotid gland volume was 2.79cm 3 ±0.69,right parotid is larger in volume than left , there was significant difference in mean volume in both gender ( P <0.05) , female had larger volume than male.There was positive strong significant association between age and parotid volume (P < 0.01, r=0.585).
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging is the primary imaging modality for the evaluation of spinal cord and spinal column disorder. Aims: to assess the prevalence of bony structure and spinal disorders in the Saudi population and to find a correlation between patient age and gender. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using magnetic resonance imaging in Al-Taif city from November 2020 to February 2021 at King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital and King Faisal Hospital in Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, to assess the prevalence of bony structure and spinal disorders in the Saudi population. The data was collected after gaining ethical approval from the directorate of health affairs in Taif’s administration of research and studies, and then analyzed using SPSS version 25 to determine the frequency and percentage of disorder. To check if there was a significant difference between the two groups, the Pearson’s chi square test was utilized. Results: One hundred young adults underwent MR examination of the spine. The results show that the most common age group affected by spinal disorders is over 50 years (53%), the most common bony structural spinal disorders are straightening 59%, followed by lordosis (20%), and the most common disc disorders are disc bulges (15%), and the most common degenerative changes are spondylo-degenerative changes (21%), and there is no significant correlation between genders and MRI findings (p-value). Conclusion: The study found that straightening is the most prevalent MRI-diagnosed spine disorder, followed by degenerative illnesses and that there is no significant association between gender and the type of MRI-diagnosed spinal disorders.
This study design to measure the size and shape of normal Sella turcica, were samples chosen among individuals from adult Saudi populations aged 19-99 years.A total of 210 samples (125 males and 85females), and the data collected in period from August 2019 to February 2020.Anteroposterior dimension, length and depth of Sella turcica were measured in each case and find out three unique shapes; the circle shape represents 40.5% with 85 patients, the ovoid shape 42.4% with 89 patients while the flat shape 17.1% with 36 patients, measurements obtained from measuring of Sella turcica, were the mean ± standard deviation for age was 47.59 ± 20.289 years, length, Width, AP and volume of Sella turcica was 8.07 ± 2.06mm, 7.408±1.64mm, 10.11±2.08mmand 339.52±203.69mmrespectively.The mean length of sella turcica for male and female was 8.010 and 8.165 mm, the Width for male was 7.215 mm and for female 7.692 mm, AP diameter for male 10.050 and for female 10.193mm, the volume of sella turcica for male was 329.139 and for female 354.781mm, so there is no difference between male and females.There is linear correlation between age of study group and the measured parameters from 19-99 years.Analysis of variance test show that there was no significant difference between the Sella measurements, for length and patients age, where the p-value was 0.285 and for Width, AP and volume the p.value was 0.222, 0.128 and 0.067 respectively.CT can be used to assess the Sella turcica, and further studies on how the dimensions of the Sella turcica are interrelated with pathological conditions should be conducted with the use of advanced imaging methods.Sella turcica dimensions of the Saudi population obtained by CT in this study can be used in estimating pituitary gland size and in determining any pathology in the seller and parasailer regions.
Introduction: Early diagnosis of COVID-19 is important for disease treatment and management. Computed Tomography (CT) is a fast and easy modality for diagnosis and management plan of patients with COVID-19. In the literature, several studies were done to assess the sensitivity of CT for diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in comparison to Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Some studies stated that CT was more sensitive diagnostic modality for COVID-19 than RT-PCR. However, the sensitivity of CT for COVID-19 varies in these studies. Aim: This literature review and meta-analysis was designed to determine the CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia, to verify the pooled sensitivity of CT for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and to review the different reasons (e.g., the disease stage or severity and the negative or positive RT-PCR results) for the variations in CT sensitivity. Materials and Methods: This review analysed 31 articles selected from the Europe BMC, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. Participant gender mean and median age, CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia were sought for and reviewed. The data was analysed using Microsoft excel version 10 and OpenMeta (Analyst) software (http://www.cebm.brown.edu/openmeta/) to verify the pooled sensitivity of CT in detection and diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia using meta-analyses forest plot, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, cumulative meta-analyses forest plot and leave one forest plot. Results: The most common CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia were bilateral lung involvement, Ground Glass Opacity (GGO), and consolidation, and Crazy-paving pattern. The CT finding is more prominent in symptomatic and severe cases than in a symptomatic and mild cases specifically the presence of consolidation and peripherals lesion distribution. The pooled sensitivity of CT is 90% in diagnosis and detection of COVID-19 pneumonia (ranged 60-100%). Conclusion: Combination of CT chest and laboratory tests along with clinical manifestation and epidemiological features should be considered to confirm the final diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders, affecting over 50 million individuals globally, with an incidence rate of 8.8 per 10,000 in Saudi Arabia. The study aimed to look into structural abnormalities in children with epilepsy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study used a cross-sectional design. Performed between July 2021 and March 2023, 107 patients (under the age of 12) who presented with epilepsy at Children's Hospital in Taif were randomly sampled. The patients' mean age was 2 years and 4 months. Males (69.2%) were impacted more frequently than females (30.8%). The majority of the patients' MRI results (75.7%) were negative, whereas 24.3% had positive results with identifiable abnormalities. Approximately 65.4% exhibited aberrant electroencephalogram findings, while 34.6% had normal findings. The majority of seizures were generalized (65.4%), with focal seizures accounting for 9.3%. The most common cause of epilepsy revealed with MRI was white matter disease (6.5%), followed by mesial temporal sclerosis (2.8%), hippocampal pathology (1.9%), and hydrocephalus (1.9%). Tuberous sclerosis, grey matter heterotopia, Sturge-Weber Syndrome, and schizencephaly were the infrequent neuroimaging findings (0.9%) in this investigation. MRI is critical for accurately identifying and controlling epilepsy in pediatric patients, since it provides precise classifications that assist in treatment planning and prognosis.
