Zuzana Nejedlá

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

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Jan Malý

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

JŠ

Jiří Šmejkal

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

Michaela Liegertová

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

MŠ

Marcel Štofik

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

Petr Aubrecht

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

Regina Herma

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

VŠ

Václav Šícha

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

David Poustka

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

Jaromír Havlica

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals

Pavel Kaule

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

Cooperative Institutions

Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem

Czech Academy of Sciences

University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague

National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry

Nuclear Research Institute Rez (Czechia)

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology

Masaryk University

Institute of Pharmacology

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Class II biocompatible E-Shell 300 3D printing material causes severe developmental toxicity in Danio rerio embryos and reduced cell proliferation in vitro – implications for 3D printed microfluidics

RSC Advances (2021)

Zuzana Nejedlá David Poustka Regina Herma Michaela Liegertová Marcel Štofik

Additive manufacturing is a new technology that represents a highly promising, cheap, and efficient solution for the production of various tools in the biomedicine field. In our study, the toxicity of the commercially available E-Shell 300 series photopolymer, which is used in the manufacture of hearing aids and other implants and which could be potentially exploited in microfluidic device fabrication, was tested using in vivo and in vitro biological models. We examined B14 cell proliferation in direct contact with the three-dimensional (3D)-printed material as well as in water extracts to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity. Similarly, in vivo tests were performed using an OECD-standardized fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test on Danio rerio embryos in direct contact with the material and in extracts as well. Despite E-Shell 300 3D-printed material being declared as class-IIa biocompatible, in the case of direct contact with both biological models, the results demonstrated a considerable negative impact on cell proliferation and severe developmental toxicity. In this study, up to 84% reduced cell proliferation in vitro and 79% mortality of in vivo models were observed. In contrast, a negligible toxic influence of E-Shell 300 water extracts was present. Four different post-processing treatments to reduce the toxicity were also tested. We observed that post-printing treatment of 3D-printed material in 96% ethanol can reduce embryonic mortality in the FET test by 71% and also completely eliminate negative effects on cell proliferation. We analyzed leachates from the polymeric structures by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and we discovered the presence of surfactant residues. In summary, our results indicate the importance of biocompatibility testing of the 3D printing photopolymer material in direct contact with the given biological model. On the other hand, the possibility of eliminating toxic effects by an appropriate post-processing strategy opens the door for broader applications of E-Shell 300 photopolymers in the development of complex microfluidic devices for various biological applications.

Danio

Biocompatible material

3d printed

10.1039/d1ra00305d

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A millifluidic chip for cultivation of fish embryos and toxicity testing fabricated by 3D printing technology

RSC Advances (2021)

Petr Panuška Zuzana Nejedlá Jiří Šmejkal Petr Aubrecht Michaela Liegertová

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) serves as a popular animal model for in vivo acute toxicity evaluation with the Fish embryo test (FET). Over the last few years there has been an effort to develop various systems for a high-throughput zebrafish embryo cultivation and FET. In this paper, we present a novel design of a millifluidic system fabricated by 3D printing technology and we evaluate its functional properties on Danio rerio embryos cultivation and toxicity testing. The development and the optimization of the millifluidic chip was performed by experimental measurements supported by numerical simulations of mass and momentum transport. The cultivation chip with two inlets and one outlet consisted of two individual channels placed on top of each other and separated by a partition with cultivation chambers. An individual embryo removal functionality, which can be used during the cultivation experiments for selective unloading of any of the cultivated embryos out of the chip, was added to the chip design. This unique property raises the possibility of detailed studies of the selected embryos by additional methods. Long-term (96 hours) perfusion cultivation experiments showed a normal development of zebrafish embryos in the chip. Model toxicity tests were further performed with diluted ethanol as a teratogen. Compared to the FET assays, an increased toxic effect of the ethanol on the embryos cultivated in the chip was observed when the median lethal dose and the percentage of the morphological end-points were evaluated. We conclude that the presented 3D printed chip is suitable for long-term zebrafish embryo cultivations and toxicity testing and can be further developed for the automated assays.

10.1039/d1ra00846c

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Sexuální turismus: Projevy a motivace

Zuzana Nejedlá

Tato prace si klade za cil hlouběji popsat interakci mezi muži a ženami v ramci zahranicnich dovolených, ktera býva nazývana sexualni turismus. Převažně je tento výzkum zasazen do oblasti Středomoři. Prace se soustředi na vztahy vznikle v hotelovem prostředi a přilehlých oblastech, a snaži se odkrýt rozlicne motivace obou zucastněných stran na participaci na tomto fenomenu, a dale konkretni projevy sexualniho turismu, ktere jsou podminěne motivacemi lidi. Konkretni jednani v ramci tohoto sexualniho turismu se zde snažim odlisit od nabizeni přimých sexualnich služeb turistům, tedy od prostituce, jelikož, ackoliv pojem sexualni turismus inklinuje k jeho vnimani jako primarně založenem na sexualnich službach, může v jeho ramci absentovat, nebo hrat druhořadou roli prostřednika k ziskani jiných benefitů. Jak z meho výzkumu vychazi najevo, mezi různými, v praci pospanými motivacemi vynika, a z větsiny připadů take prostupuje celý tento typ sexualniho turismu, snaha o dosahnuti ekonomickeho benefitu a celkove zlepseni sve životni situace různými cestami z pohledu mistnich zaměstnanců. Na druhe straně, motivace přijiždějicich žen zde stoji jako protipol k motivacim mistnich. Lze řici, že se jedna o střet materialnich a emocionalnich zajmů. Takova asymetrie vsak způsobuje komplikovanost těchto vztahů a take jejich nasledky pro obě zucastněne strany.

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