ste artigo discute resultados de pesquisa quantitativa reali- zada com 626 membros de comites de bacias hidrograficas no Brasil. Confrontando os dados apresentados com os de outras pesquisas e dados etnograficos coletados no Vale do Jaguaribe, Ceara, entre os anos de 2003 e 2010, delineia-se um panorama de crise de representatividade dentro dos comites, fortemente dominados por representantes dos poderes publicos, com alto nivel de escolaridade, renda, e de perfil ocupacional tecnico. Adicionalmente, este artigo discute efeitos do discurso de modernizacao existente no Ceara, mostrando como tal discurso atribui novas identidades sociais a atores politicos locais, marcando algumas dessas identidades como nao-apropriadas para a participacao na gestao responsavel da agua. As implicacoes simbolicas da modernizacao produzem certa desarticulacao nos processos participativos, em especial em seu potencial para funcionarem como instâncias efetivas de inclusao social.
The goal of this paper is to analyze the relation between anthropology and education, and the relation of both with the experience of life, in a context of debates in which epistemological concerns have gradually been substituted by a reflection on the ontological dimension of existence. Starting with a discussion on the asymmetric historical relation between anthropology and education, in what concerns the analysis of sociocultural dimensions of learning, we propose the inversion of terms of the expression anthropology of education, and then discuss the paradoxes that characterize the relation between the professional education of the anthropologist, identified as an epistemological exercise, and the ontological dimension of the ethnographic experience. From this discussion, the question of the body of the ethnographer emerges as something absent in mainstream ethnographic production, which is identified as an index of the presence of one of the structuring dichotomies of Western epistemology: the separation of mind and body. The works of authors associated to the so-called ontological turn in social sciences are brought to the discussion, and from the analysis of some of their main contributions, new points of contact between education and anthropology, on more symmetric grounds, emerge. From these, it is of special interest the one that focuses on happiness and the plenitude of becomings, which, albeit an unprecedented theme in anthropology, has been part of the pedagogical debates of the last four decades.
Este artigo apresenta a etnografia em seus fundamentos basicos, da forma como se desenvolveu no campo da antropologia, e discute as possibilidades e desafios do seu uso em pesquisas ligadas a temas ambientais e conduzidas por pesquisadores de outros campos academicos. Em especial, o artigo discute as relacoes e possiveis conflitos entre a atitude de abertura epistemologica que marca a atividade etnografica, e o normativismo presente em parte das pesquisas ambientais, particularmente as vinculadas a processos de elaboracao de politicas publicas. Por fim, o artigo argumenta a favor da conveniencia da etnografia em pesquisas sobre comunicacao ambiental.
This article analyzes how local narratives on political leadership in Northeast Brazil make use of gender ideologies. Previous research, and ethnographic work, suggests that there is a deep contradiction between women's central roles in local social and economic activities, and the ways in which they are depicted in dominant narratives. Through the analysis of ethnographic material and the case of the displaced community of Jaguaribara, we argue that local political rituals function as meaning-making practices that affect the political visibility of women, through the manipulation of local gender ideologies and local perceptions of society and the environment. We further suggest that awareness of such a state of affairs and the pragmatic strategic use of cultural prescriptions do not grant a group political visibility, if this group does not find ways to act upon the semiotic configuration of the context where social actions unfold; that is, upon dominant local interpretive genres.