The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased over the past few decades. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic disease, for which there is currently no known cure. Administration of probiotics in early life may be an effective method to prevent AD, but very little is known about its long-time preventive effect. In this research, a meta-analysis has been conducted to evaluate the long-term effect of early-life supplementation with probiotics on preventing AD. Meta-analysis was performed by the Review Manager version 5.2 software. Risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by a fixed effect model. Six trials and a total of 1955 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The combined risk ratio of the meta-analysis comparing probiotics with placebo for investigating the long-term preventive effect of AD was 0.86 (95% CI 0.77–0.96), which demonstrates that probiotics is likely to produce long-term prevention of AD.
Objective
To analyze the expression characteristics of annexin A2 in dermal papilla cells (DPCs) with aggregative behavior.
Methods
Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were performed to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of annexin A2 respectively in DPCs with or without aggregative behavior.
Results
The mRNA expression level of annexin A2 was significantly higher in DPCs with aggregative behavior than in those without aggregative behavior (0.50 ± 0.15 vs. 0.35 ± 0.19, t= 8.26, P< 0.05). Western blot showed that annexin A2 had two isoforms, including one isoform with a relative molecular mass of 40 000 and the other one with a relative molecular mass of 36 000. The annexin A2 isoform with a relative molecular mass of 40 000 was highly expressed in both DPCs with aggregative behavior and those without aggregative behavior, while the other isoform was only expressed in DPCs with aggregative behavior.
Conclusion
Annexin A2 may be closely related to the aggregative growth of DPCs.
Key words:
Hair follicle; Annexin A2; Cell growth processes; Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; Blotting, Western; Dermal papilla cells
Two cases of neutropenic leukemia complicated by chronic disseminated candidiasis (CDC)are reported. One patient suffered from cutaneous ulcer on the left thigh with persistent fever; computed tomography scan showed multiple hypodense lesions in the spleen and nodular patchy shadow in the right lung,fungal culture of the dermal ulcer grew Candida tropicalis. Another patient had fever and bellyache, and fungal blood culture grew Candida tropicalis; computed tomography scan showed multiple hypodense lesions in the liver, spleen, kidney and multiple nodules in lungs. A satisfactory outcome was achieved in both patients after treatment with voriconazole and caspofungin. High risk factors of CDC include persistent neutropenia and preventive administration of antibiotics. A synthetic judgment based on clinical manifestations, microbiological examinations, tissue pathology and imaging findings is recommended for the diagnosis of CDC.
Key words:
Candidiasis; Leukemia; Diffusion
Objective To study the expression ot secreted proteins in aggregated dermal papilla cells (DPCs).Methods DPCs were isolated from human scalp tissue and subjected to primary culture and subculture.Aggregated and non-aggregated DPCs served as the subject of this study.Secreted proteins were prepared from these cells and subjected to two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Differentially expressed proteins were screened by the PDQuest image analysis software.Protein spots were digested and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry,and finally analyzed using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) non-redundant (Nr) protein database.Results Two-dimensional electrophoresis maps with good repeatability and high resolution were established.Image analysis of 2-D gels revealed that the average number of detected protein spots was 1 134 ± 52 and 1 078 ± 36 in aggregated and nonaggregated DPCs respectively,and the majority of these protein spots were matched between aggregated and nonaggregated DPCs.Twenty-eight protein spots showed more than 5-fold difference between the two groups of cells,and 10 proteins were preliminarily identified as differentially expressed proteins by peptide-mass fingerprinting.Of these differentially expressed proteins,8 proteins including Rhogdi 1,filamin A,cystatin C,fibronectin,cyclophilin A,procollagen C proteinase enhancer 1,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 were up-regulated,and 2 proteins including neuropolypeptide h3 and matrix metalloproteinase-3/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 complex were down-regulated in aggregated DPCs compared with non-aggregated DPCs.Conclusions Differentially expressed proteins between aggregated and non-aggregated DPCs are mainly implicated in cell signaling pathway,cellular proliferation and differentiation,extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation,and so on.
Key words:
Dermal papilla cells; Secretory proteins; Electrophoresis, gel, two-dimensional; MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Objective To compare the short-term efficacy of high-intensity ultraviolet B (UVB) versus 308-nm excimer laser for the treatment of vitiligo.Methods Eighty patients with vitiligo were equally divided into two groups to be treated with high-intensity UVB twice a week or 308-nm excimer laser once a week for eight weeks.Repigmentation was evaluated at the end of the treatment.Results After eight weeks of treatment,repigmentation of different degrees was observed in 83.6％ and 86.1％,and marked repigmentation in 42.1％ and 50％,of the UVB-and excimer laser-treated lesions,respectively.The response rate was significantly lower in facial lesions receiving high-intensity UVB radiation than in those receiving excimer laser radiation (49.1％ vs.68.4％,x2 =4.32,P ＜ 0.05),but similar at the other body sites between the two treatment (all P ＞ 0.05).The cumulative dosage required for initial repigmentation was similar between high-intensity UVB and 308-nm excimer laser (t =0.89,P ＞ 0.05),while the treatment sessions and cumulative dosage required for marked or better repigmentation were significantly increased in UVB-compared with excimer laser-treated lesions (both P ＜ 0.01).In addition,both high-intensity UVB and 308-nm excimer laser were suitable for childhood and active vitiligo.Conclusions Both high-intensity UVB and 308-nm excimer laser are safe and effective in the treatment of vitiligo with rapid onset of action,and the latter appears to be superior to the former in efficacy.
Key words:
Vitiligo; Excimer lasers; Ultraviolet rays
A case of acute myeloid leukemia cutis was reported. A 38-year-old man presented with 1 year history of confirmed acute granulocytic leukemia and 1-month history of skin eruptions on the trunk. Dermatological examination revealed dozens of erythematous,raised, infiltrated,painless nodules and plaques measuring 1-2 cm in diameter scattered on the trunk and right forehead. Bone marrow and immunological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of acute granulocytic leukemia (M2); one year after the confirmation of diagnosis, discrete papules and nodules developed on the trunk and forehead, histopathological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed the diagnosis of leukemia cutis. Multiple infiltration in skin, lung,spleen. kidney and lumbosacral vertebrae within a short period usually predicts a rapid progression and poor prognosis.
Key words:
Leukemia, myeloid; Leukemia, subleukemic; Skin manifestation
Abstract Background Chloasma is a common skin hyperpigmentation condition, with treatment options ranging from topical agents to advanced interventions such as chemical peels and laser therapy. Salicylic acid, including its supramolecular form (SSA), has shown promise in managing chloasma. However, to date, no multicentre randomized controlled trial of SSA for chloasma is available. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of 30% SSA combined with 10% niacinamide in treating chloasma. Methods This multicentre (n = 15), randomized, double-blind, parallel placebo-controlled trial (Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2200065346) enrolled and randomized 300 participants (1 : 1) to either 30% SSA treatment or placebo, with 150 allocated to treatment and 150 to placebo in the full analysis set, and 144 to treatment and 147 to placebo in the per-protocol set. A Visia® Skin Analysis System was used at each visit to assess the degree of improvement in chloasma lesions. The primary endpoint was the effective rate after 16 weeks, assessed using the modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI) score [(pretreatment score − post-treatment score)/pretreatment score × 100%]. Results The total mMASI score, overall score on the Griffiths 10-point scale, and Griffiths 10 score for the left and the right sides of the face were significantly lower in the 30% SSA group than in the placebo group (all P < 0.001). One study of drug-related adverse events (AEs) and one study of drug-unrelated AEs were reported in the 30% SSA group. No AE was reported in the placebo group. Conclusions Among our patients, 30% SSA combined with 10% niacinamide was shown to be effective and safe for treating chloasma.
Abstract Background: Accumulating evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise to promote hair growth. However, large-scale production of EVs is still a challenge. Recently, exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NV) prepared by extruding cells have emerged as an alternative strategy for clinical-scale production. Here, ReNcell VM (ReN) cells, a neural progenitor cell line was serially extruded to produce NV. Results: The ReN-NV were found to promote dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation. In addition, in a mouse model of depilation-induced hair regeneration, ReN-NV were injected subcutaneously, resulting in an acceleration of hair follicle (HF) cycling transition at the site. The underlying mechanism was indicated to be the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-100 was revealed to be abundant in ReN-NV and significantly up-regulated in DPCs receiving ReN-NV treatment. miR-100 inhibition verified its important role in ReN-NV-induced β-catenin signaling activation. Conclusion: These results provide an alternative agent to EVs and suggest a strategy for hair growth therapy.
Objective To identify Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum) inducing misdiagnosis and treatment failure. Methods The lesional specimen of patient with cutaneous M. marinum were cultivated on Lowenstein-Jensen medium. The isolate was identified by biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the hsp65 gene. Results Smooth and non-pigmented colonies were noted after incubation at 32 ℃ for 2 weeks. The isolate was acid-fast bacilli and confirmed as M. marinum by biochemical tests and PCR-RFLP. Conclusion For a correct diagnosis of cutaneous M. marinum infection, it is crucial for clinicians to have a high index of suspicion, obtain the history of exposure and trauma and understand growth characteristics of the organism. Compared with conventional biochemical techniques, PCR-RFLP analysis is a more rapid, accurate and reliable method for mycobacterial identification to species level.
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