Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common, chronic disorder of sleep, and breathing that causes disability from pathologic sleepiness, respiratory, and cardiovascular complications. Oral appliance therapy is an alternative in the treatment of OSA, especially in mild and moderate cases. The aim of this report was to assess the effectiveness of custom-made mandibular advancement devices (MAD) and analyze the change in sleep quality and polysomnographic variables in patients diagnosed as having severe OSA and primary snoring. In the present report, two custom-made MADs were produced for two patients who were diagnosed as having severe sleep apnea and primary snoring, according to polysomnographic measurements. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was changed after follow--up period, and complaints were reduced in both patients. MADs are generally indicated for patients with mild to moderate OSA but can be effectively used by severe OSA and primary snoring patients.
Abstract Self-adhesive resin cements (RCs) activate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cathepsin-related collagen degradation, and gallic acid (GA) inhibits the activity of both MMPs and cysteine cathepsins. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the setting time, biaxial flexural strength, and Vickers hardness of self-adhesive RCs after the addition of two different concentrations of GA. RelyX U200 (3M ESPE) and Panavia SA (Kuraray) were modified with 0.5 and 1 wt% GA. The setting time of five samples in each RC group was assessed using a thermocouple apparatus as described in the ISO 4049 test. Biaxial flexure strength was measured using a universal testing machine until failure. Vickers hardness was measured with three randomized indentations on the surface of each resin disc. RCs without GA were used as control. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD test (α = 0.05). The setting times ranged from 2.4 to 4.6 min for RelyX and from 4.9 to 6.0 min for Panavia. The biaxial flexure strength ranged from 76.5 to 109.7 MPa for RelyX and from 73.3 to 108.2 MPa for Panavia. Vickers hardness values ranged from 41.6 to 58.6 for RelyX and 27.2 to 33.6 for Panavia. The addition of 0.5 and 1 wt% GA to improve durability of resin-dentin bonds had no adverse effects on setting time, whereas the biaxial flexure strength and Vickers hardness values for the tested materials were significantly reduced.
The purpose of this report was to evaluate the effect of the fabrication method and material type on the fracture strength of provisional crowns.MATERIALS AND METHODS.A master model with one crown (maxillary left second premolar) was manufactured from Cr-Co alloy.The master model was scanned, and the data set was transferred to a CAD/CAM unit (Yenamak D50, Yenadent Ltd, Istanbul, Turkey) for the Cercon Base group.For the other groups, temporary crowns were produced by direct fabrication methods (Imident, Temdent, Structur Premium, Takilon, Systemp c&b II, and Acrytemp).The specimens were subjected to water storage at 37°C for 24 hours, and then they were thermocycled (TC, 5000×, 5-55°C) (n=10).The maximum force at fracture (Fmax) was measured in a universal test machine at 1 mm/min.Data was analyzed by non-parametric statistics (α=.05).RESULTS.Fmax values varied between 711.09-1392.1 N. In the PMMA groups, Takilon showed the lowest values (711.09N), and Cercon Base showed the highest values (959.59N).In the composite groups, Structur Premium showed the highest values (1392.1 N), and Acrytemp showed the lowest values (910.05N).The composite groups showed significantly higher values than the PMMA groups (P=.01).CONCLUSION.Composite-based materials showed significantly higher fracture strengths than PMMA-based materials.The CAD-CAM technique offers more advantages than the direct technique.
Acquired defects typically result from traumatic injuries such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, gunshot injuries or radiation injuries. Those maxillofacial defects resulting from motor vehicle accidents in particular often involve various soft and hard-tissue injuries such as fractures or avulsions of the maxillary or mandibular teeth or fractures of the temporomandibular joints. For a patient suffering such injuries, the retention and stabilization of a prosthesis that contributes to the patient's physical and psychological well-being are often difficult to achieve due to the nature of the moveable tissue beds involved and the resulting lack of support from the remaining teeth and bones. This clinical report describes the treatments of two partially edentulous patients with traumatic injuries that resulted from motor vehicle accidents. The prosthetic rehabilitations were accomplished through the manufacture of (1) a mandibular prosthesis with an extracoronal bar attachment, and (2) a maxillary implant-supported removable prosthesis.
Bacterial adhesion on provisional crown materials retained for a long time can influence the duration for which permanent prosthetic restorations can be healthily worn in the oral cavity.The aim of this study was to compare seven different commonly used provisional crown materials with regard to Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans surface adhesion.MATERIALS AND METHODS.For each group, twenty specimens of the provisional fixed prosthodontic materials TemDent (Schütz), Imıdent (Imıcryl), Tab 2000 (Kerr), Structur Premium (Voco), Systemp (Ivoclar Vivadent), Acrytemp (Zhermack), and Takilon-BBF (Takilon) were prepared (diameter, 10.0 mm; height, 2.0 mm).Surface roughness was assessed by atomic force microscopy.Each group was then divided into 2 subgroups (n=10) according to the microbial suspensions used: S. mutans and C. albicans.The specimens were incubated at 37°C with S. mutans or C. albicans for seven days.Bacterial adherence on surfaces was assessed using the 2,3-bis[2-methyloxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay.RESULTS.S. mutans showed maximum adhesion to Structur, followed by Systemp, Acrytemp, Takilon, Tab 2000, Imident, and TemDent (P<.05).The highest vital C. albicans adhesion was noted on Takilon, followed by Imident and Tab 2000; the lowest adhesion was noted on Systemp (P<.05).CONCLUSION.The materials showed significant differences in the degree of bacterial adhesion.C. albicans showed higher surface adhesion than S. mutans on provisional crown and fixed partial denture denture materials.
The etiology of marginal bone loss around osseointegrated implants is primarily based on the biomechanical and/or microbial factors. If stresses and strains around dental implants under functional loading conditions are expected to exceed the physiologic tolerance thresholds of the alveolar bone, the fixed hybrid prosthesis might be a more reliable treatment of choice instead of fixed metal ceramic restorations. The purpose of this article is to report the 1-year follow-up of the periodontal and prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient who has presented with symptoms of peri-implantitis due to incorrectly planned implant supported fixed metal ceramic bridge which was later replaced with screw-retained hybrid prosthesis following the treatment of peri-implant defects. Treatment helped to maintain patient's self-confidence and comfort, as well as favorable masticatory function. Rehabilitation with screw retained hybrid prosthesis is an ideal treatment of choice for maxillomandibular skeletal discrepancies.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of various surface treatments on the surface roughness of a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. A total of 25 discs of lithium disilicate glass ceramic were prepared. Specimens were divided into five groups: (1) no treatment, (2) air abrasion, (3) acid etching, (4) Nd:YAG laser irradiation and (5) Er:YAG laser irradiation. Digital images from the surfaces were obtained by means of an atomic force microscope in tapping mode. Surface roughness was measured in 10×10 μm boxes. Surface roughness data were analysed by one way analysis of variance. The air abrasion group (550±212 nm) had a significantly higher mean surface roughness value than the other groups. The acid etching group (392±157 nm) had a significantly higher mean roughness value than the control group (228±105 nm). Surface roughness of lithium disilicate glass ceramic was not increased by any of the laser irradiation treatments.
Objective: It is intended in this case report to explain the multidisciplinary treatment of 2 non-syndromic cleft lip and palate patients with different approaches, the treatment phases of prosthetic rehabilitation and the results obtained. Case Reports:15-year-old unilateral cleft lip and palate patient and 25-year-old bilateral cleft lip and palate patient was admitted to our clinic with the functional and aesthetic complaints. Orthodontic, surgical and prosthetic treatments were applied Results: With multidisciplinary treatments aesthetic and functional solutions were provided. Aesthetic and functional results were obtained for both cases with fixed restorations. The treatments protocols had no complications. The outcomes were of high quality and brought satisfaction to the patients. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary treatment should be considered in cleft lip and palate patients in order to be able to fully ensure speech and hearing, continuation of occlusion and maxillofacial growth in the normal course and the improvement of physical appearance and psychological state. However, different treatment plans should be considered in its different timing for each case.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different heights of attachment and mucosa thicknesses on the stress distribution of two implant-retained mandibular overdenture designs under loading using the photoelastic stress analysis method.Six photoelastic models of an edentulous mandibula were fabricated with two solitary implants that were placed in the canine regions. The attachment systems studied were ball and locator stud attachments. Both the ball and locator groups included three models that had different residual ridge heights so as to provide different mucosa thicknesses (1 mm-1 mm, 1 mm-2 mm, 1 mm-4 mm). A static vertical force of 135 N was applied unilaterally (each on the right then the left side) to the central fossa of the first molars. Models were positioned in the field of a circular polariscope to observe the distribution of isochromatic fringes around the implants and the interimplant areas under loading. The photoelastic stress fringes were monitored and recorded photographically.The ball attachment groups showed higher stress values than did the locator groups under loading. Both attachment systems produced the lowest stress values in stimulated 1 mm-1 mm mucosa thickness models. The models with 1 mm-2 mm mucosa thicknesses showed higher stress values than did other models for both attachment systems. The highest stress value observed around both attachment systems was the moderate level in all test models.In different height mucosa thicknesses, locator attachment models distributed the load to the other side of the implant and its surrounding tissue, whereas the ball attachment did not. Regardless of mucosal thickness and attachment type, the implant on the loading side was subjected to the highest stress concentration.
