Liubov Samoylova

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

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Harald Sinn

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

Ilia Petrov

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

АВ

А. В. Бузмаков

Federal Scientific Research Centre Crystallography and Photonics

T. Tschentscher

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

Frank Siewert

Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie

E.A. Schneidmiller

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY

Anders Madsen

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

Maurizio Vannoni

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

Winfried Decking

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY

M.V. Yurkov

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY

Cooperative Institutions

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY

377

European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

181

Universität Hamburg

100

SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Paul Scherrer Institute

Menlo School

Linac Coherent Light Source

Center for Free-Electron Laser Science

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics

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Influence of diffraction on crystals and multilayer structures on coherence properties of hard X-ray FEL pulses

V. A. Bushuev Liubov Samoylova Harald Sinn T. Tschentscher

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Recent development of thin diamond crystals for X-ray FEL beam-sharing

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2013)

Yiping Feng Roberto Alonso‐Mori В. Д. Бланк Sébastien Boutet M. Chollet

The recent success of the X-ray Free Electron Lasers has generated great interests from the user communities of a wide range of scientific disciplines including physics, chemistry, structural biology and material science, creating tremendous demand on FEL beamtime access. Due to the serial nature of FEL operation, various beam-sharing techniques have been investigated in order to potentially increase the FEL beamtime capacity. Here we report the recent development in using thin diamond single crystals for spectrally splitting the FEL beam at the Linac Coherent Light Source, thus potentially allowing the simultaneous operation of multiple instruments. Experimental findings in crystal mounting and its thermal performance, position and pointing stabilities of the reflected beam, and impact of the crystal on the FEL transmitted beam profile are presented.

Free-electron laser

Crystal (programming language)

Position (finance)

10.1117/12.1518467

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Monochromatization of femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser pulses by means of quasi-forbidden bragg reflections from periodic multilayer structures

Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physics (2012)

V. A. Bushuev Liubov Samoylova

Free electron model

10.3103/s1062873812020062

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A hard x-ray split-and-delay unit for the HED instrument at the European XFEL

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2017)

Sebastian Roling Victor Kärcher Liubov Samoylova Karen Appel Stefan Braun

For the High Energy Density Instrument (HED) at the European XFEL a hard x-ray split-and-delay unit (SDU) is built covering photon energies in the range between 5 keV and 24 keV. This SDU enables time-resolved x-ray pump / x-ray probe experiments as well as sequential diffractive imaging on a femtosecond to picosecond time scale. The set-up is based on wavefront splitting that has successfully been implemented at an autocorrelator at FLASH. The x-ray FEL pulses will be split by a sharp edge of a silicon mirror coated with Mo/B4C and W/B4C multilayers. Both partial beams then pass variable delay lines. For different photon energies the angle of incidence onto the multilayer mirrors is adjusted in order to match the Bragg condition. Hence, maximum delays between +/- 1 ps at 24 keV and up to +/- 23 ps at 5 keV will be possible. Time-dependent wave-optics simulations are performed with Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) software. The XFEL radiation is simulated using the output of the time-dependent SASE code FAST. For the simulations diffraction on the edge of the beam-splitter as well as height and slope errors of all eight mirror surfaces are taken into account. The impact of these effects on the ability to focus the beam by means of compound refractive lenses (CRL) is analyzed.

X-ray optics

Beam splitter

Picosecond

Streak camera

10.1117/12.2265750

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Study of a diamond channel cut monochromator for high repetition rate operation at the EuXFEL: FEA thermal load simulations and first experimental results

Journal of Physics Conference Series (2022)

Kelin Regina Tasca Ilia Petrov Carsten Deiter S. Yu. Martyushov S. N. Polyakov

Abstract The recent start of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) provides a unique pulsed X-ray source of high spectral brilliance and high photon flux at a high repetition rate and opens the possibility for new scientific opportunities. However, the EuXFEL beam has a high peak power that is converted into a high cyclic thermal load on the optical elements, such as mirrors and monochromators, and is impossible to fully mitigate within the pulse train pattern. In the single crystal based X-ray monochromators, the increase of temperature leads to deformation of the crystal structure which affects the rocking curve and consequently the performance of these devices and the quality of the transmitted X-ray beam. To address the increase of temperature, we propose the use of a diamond channel-cut monochromator as an alternative to the current silicon monochromators. In this work we present the design and parameters of the diamond monochromator, heat load simulations and the surface and crystalline quality characterisation. The heat load simulations indicate a high performance of the monochromator under the pulse train of the EuXFEL and the characterisation demonstrates high crystal quality and its functionality as a double crystal monochromator.

Monochromator

Crystal (programming language)

10.1088/1742-6596/2380/1/012053

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Design of soft x-ray gratings for free electron lasers: from specification to characterization

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2013)

Maurizio Vannoni Daniele La Civita R. Follath Liubov Samoylova Frank Siewert

The European XFEL is a large facility under construction in Hamburg, Germany. It will provide a transversally fully coherent X-ray radiation with outstanding characteristics: high repetition rate (up to 2700 pulses with a 0.6 milliseconds long pulse train at 10Hz), short wavelength (down to 0.05 nm), short pulse (in the femtoseconds scale) and high average brilliance (1.6•10²⁵ photons / s / mm² / mrad²/ 0.1% bandwidth). Due to the very short wavelength and very high pulse energy, mirrors have to present high quality surface, to be very long, and at the same time to implement an effective cooling system. Matching these tight specifications and assessing them with high precision optical measurements is very challenging. One of the three foreseen beamlines operates in the soft X-ray range and it is equipped with a diffractive monochromator. The monochromator is using a variable line spacing grating that covers the wavelength range from 4.6nm to 0.41 nm (energies from 270eV to 3000eV). The grating profile is blazed, and due to the small angle and relatively few lines/mm, it is also very challenging to realize and to be characterized. In this contribution we discuss about the requirements of the optics involved in the soft X-ray monochromator. We describe mirror and grating specifications, and the tests that could be carried out during and after the manufacturing in order to ensure the specifications match.

Monochromator

X-ray optics

10.1117/12.2020520

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Citations (8)

Wavefront-propagation simulations supporting the design of a time-delay compensating monochromator beamline at FLASH2

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (2019)

Mabel Ruiz-Lopez Liubov Samoylova Günter Brenner Masoud Mehrjoo B. Faatz

Wavefront-propagation simulations have been performed to complete the design of a monochromator beamline for FLASH2, the variable-gap undulator line at the soft X-ray free-electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH). Prior to propagation through the beamline optical elements, the parameters of the photon source were generated using the GENESIS code which includes the free-electron laser experimental data. Threshold tolerances for the misalignment of mirror angles are calculated and, since diffraction effects were included in the simulations, the minimum quality with respect to the slope errors required for the optics is determined.

Undulator

Monochromator

Free-electron laser

10.1107/s160057751900345x

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Citations (3)

SIMEX: Simulation of Experiments at Advanced Light Sources

arXiv (Cornell University) (2016)

Carsten Fortmann-Grote Beata Ziaja Zoltán Jurek Michael Bußmann M.V. Yurkov

Realistic simulations of experiments at large scale photon facilities, such as optical laser laboratories, synchrotrons, and free electron lasers, are of vital importance for the successful preparation, execution, and analysis of these experiments investigating ever more complex physical systems, e.g. biomolecules, complex materials, and ultra-short lived states of highly excited matter. Traditional photon science modelling takes into account only isolated aspects of an experiment, such as the beam propagation, the photon-matter interaction, or the scattering process, making idealized assumptions about the remaining parts, e.g.\ the source spectrum, temporal structure and coherence properties of the photon beam, or the detector response. In SIMEX, we have implemented a platform for complete start-to-end simulations, following the radiation from the source, through the beam transport optics to the sample or target under investigation, its interaction with and scattering from the sample, and its registration in a photon detector, including a realistic model of the detector response to the radiation. Data analysis tools can be hooked up to the modelling pipeline easily. This allows researchers and facility operators to simulate their experiments and instruments in real life scenarios, identify promising and unattainable regions of the parameter space and ultimately make better use of valuable beamtime. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.

10.48550/arxiv.1610.05980

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First characterization of the photon beam at the European XFEL in July, 2017

International Free Electron Laser Conference (2019)

V. Balandin Bolko Beutner Frank Brinker Winfried Decking M. Dohlus

Characterization

10.18429/jacow-fel2019-tup058

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Optical Design and Time-dependent Wavefront Propagation Simulation for a Hard X-Ray Split- and delay-unit for the European XFEL

International Free Electron Laser Conference (2013)

Sebastian Roling B. Siemer Frank Wahlert Michael Wöstmann H. Zacharias

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Citations (1)