O. Dogbey

Ministère de la Production Animale et des Ressources Halieutiques

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E.B.M. Koney

Ministry of Food and Agriculture

Lesley Bell‐Sakyi

University of Liverpool

Adelaide Milani

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

A.R. Walker

University of Edinburgh

Isabella Monne

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

Alice Fusaro

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

Joseph A. Awuni

University for Development Studies

Daniel T. Yingar

Alice Bianco

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

Patrick Tetteh Ababio

Ministry of Food and Agriculture

Cooperative Institutions

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

National Veterinary Research Institute

KU Leuven

Ministry of Food and Agriculture

International Atomic Energy Agency

Laboratoire National d'Appui au Développement Agricole

University of Edinburgh

Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

University of Georgia

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Avian influenza H9N2 subtype in Ghana: virus characterization and evidence of co-infection

Avian Pathology (2019)

Joseph A. Awuni Alice Bianco O. Dogbey Alice Fusaro Daniel T. Yingar

Between November 2017 and February 2018, Ghanaian poultry producers reported to animal health authorities a dramatic increase in mortality rate and a relevant drop in egg production in several layer hen farms. Laboratory investigations revealed that the farms had been infected by the H9N2 influenza subtype. Virological and molecular characterization of the viruses identified in Ghana is described here for the first time. Whole genome analysis showed that the viruses belong to the G1-lineage and cluster with viruses identified in North and West Africa. The low pathogenicity of the virus was confirmed by the intravenous pathogenicity index assay. Further investigations revealed co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage, which very likely explained the severity of the disease observed during the outbreaks. The H9N2 outbreaks in Ghana highlight the importance of performing a differential diagnosis and an in-depth characterization of emerging viruses. In addition, the detection of a potentially zoonotic subtype, such as the H9N2, in a region where highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx is currently circulating highlights the urgency of implementing enhanced monitoring strategies and supporting improved investments in regional diagnostic technologies. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Influenza A H9N2 subtype was detected in layer hens in Ghana in 2017-2018 Whole genome characterization of seven H9N2 viruses was performed Phylogenetic trees revealed that the H9N2 viruses belong to the G1 lineage The HA protein possesses the amino acid mutations 226L and 155T Co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage was identified.

10.1080/03079457.2019.1624687

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Citations (55)

Erratum to “Ehrlichia ruminatium seroprevalence in domestic ruminants in Ghana I. Longitudinal survey in the Greater Accra Region”

Veterinary Microbiology (2004)

Lesley Bell‐Sakyi E.B.M. Koney O. Dogbey A.R. Walker

Seroprevalence

Ehrlichiosis

10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.05.001

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Citations (0)

Avian influenza H9N2 subtype in Ghana: virus characterization and evidence of co-infection

Figshare (2019)

Joseph A. Awuni Alice Bianco O. Dogbey Alice Fusaro Daniel T. Yingar

Between November 2017 and February 2018, Ghanaian poultry producers reported to animal health authorities a dramatic increase in mortality rate and a relevant drop in egg production in several layer hen farms. Laboratory investigations revealed that the farms had been infected by the H9N2 influenza subtype. Virological and molecular characterization of the viruses identified in Ghana is described here for the first time. Whole genome analysis showed that the viruses belong to the G1-lineage and cluster with viruses identified in North and West Africa. The low pathogenicity of the virus was confirmed by the intravenous pathogenicity index assay. Further investigations revealed co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage, which very likely explained the severity of the disease observed during the outbreaks. The H9N2 outbreaks in Ghana highlight the importance of performing a differential diagnosis and an in-depth characterization of emerging viruses. In addition, the detection of a potentially zoonotic subtype, such as the H9N2, in a region where highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx is currently circulating highlights the urgency of implementing enhanced monitoring strategies and supporting improved investments in regional diagnostic technologies. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSInfluenza A H9N2 subtype was detected in layer hens in Ghana in 2017–2018Whole genome characterization of seven H9N2 viruses was performedPhylogenetic trees revealed that the H9N2 viruses belong to the G1 lineageThe HA protein possesses the amino acid mutations 226L and 155TCo-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage was identified Influenza A H9N2 subtype was detected in layer hens in Ghana in 2017–2018 Whole genome characterization of seven H9N2 viruses was performed Phylogenetic trees revealed that the H9N2 viruses belong to the G1 lineage The HA protein possesses the amino acid mutations 226L and 155T Co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage was identified

H5N1 genetic structure

10.6084/m9.figshare.8325443

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Ehrlichia ruminantium seroprevalence in domestic ruminants in Ghana. II. Point prevalence survey

Veterinary Microbiology (2004)

E.B.M. Koney O. Dogbey A.R. Walker Lesley Bell‐Sakyi

Seroprevalence

Seroconversion

Prevalence

10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.02.017

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Citations (19)

Genetically Different Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses in West Africa, 2015

Emerging infectious diseases (2016)

Luca Tassoni Alice Fusaro Adelaide Milani Philippe Lemey Joseph A. Awuni

Abstract To trace the evolution of highly pathogenic influenza A(H5N1) virus in West Africa, we sequenced genomes of 43 viruses collected during 2015 from poultry and wild birds in 5 countries. We found 2 co-circulating genetic groups within clade 2.3.2.1c. Mutations that may increase adaptation to mammals raise concern over possible risk for humans.

Highly pathogenic

Pandemic

H5N1 genetic structure

10.3201/eid2212.160578

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Citations (23)

Detection by Two Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays of Antibodies toEhrlichia ruminantiumin Field Sera Collected from Sheep and Cattle in Ghana

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology (2003)

Lesley Bell‐Sakyi E.B.M. Koney O. Dogbey Keith Sumption A.R. Walker

ABSTRACT Two serological tests for detection of antibodies to Ehrlichia (previously Cowdria ) ruminantium , the causative agent of heartwater, were compared by using field sera collected from sheep and cattle as part of serosurveys in Ghana. Sera selected as either negative or positive by a new polyclonal competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PC-ELISA) were tested by the indirect MAP1-B ELISA. Cutoff values of 14 percent positivity (14 PP) for both ruminant species were obtained for the MAP1-B ELISA by using preseroconversion Ghanaian sera and were compared with previously recommended cutoff values of 29 PP for sheep and 38 PP for cattle. With the 14-PP cutoff, of 151 sheep sera which tested negative by PC-ELISA, 89% were also negative by MAP1-B ELISA, while of 419 sheep sera positive by PC-ELISA, 98% were also positive by MAP1-B ELISA. Of 261 bovine sera negative by PC-ELISA, 82% were also negative by MAP1-B ELISA. Of 511 bovine sera positive by PC-ELISA, only 47% were positive by MAP1-B ELISA; these included 168 sera collected from cattle following first seroconversion as detected by both tests, with 125 of these sera positive by PC-ELISA but only 59 and 5 positive by MAP1-B ELISA with the 14- and 38-PP cutoff levels, respectively. These results indicate that both assays are highly sensitive and specific for detection of E. ruminantium exposure in sheep but that the MAP1-B ELISA lacks sensitivity for postseroconversion bovine sera in comparison to the PC-ELISA. Both tests confirm E. ruminantium seroprevalence of at least 70% in Ghanaian sheep; levels of exposure among Amblyomma variegatum -infested Ghanaian cattle are likely to be higher than the seroprevalence value of 66% obtained with the PC-ELISA.

Polyclonal antibodies

Seroconversion

Seroprevalence

10.1128/cdli.10.5.917-925.2003

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Citations (11)

Incidence and prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in domestic ruminants in Ghana

Veterinary Parasitology (2004)

Lesley Bell‐Sakyi E.B.M. Koney O. Dogbey A.R. Walker

Theileria

Babesia bigemina

Blood smear

10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.05.027

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Citations (73)

Ehrlichia ruminantium seroprevalence in domestic ruminants in Ghana I. Longitudinal survey in the Greater Accra Region

Veterinary Microbiology (2004)

Lesley Bell‐Sakyi E.B.M. Koney O. Dogbey Amanda R. Walker

Seroconversion

Seroprevalence

Amblyomma variegatum

10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.02.010

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Citations (20)

Avian influenza H9N2 subtype in Ghana: virus characterization and evidence of co-infection

Figshare (2019)

Joseph A. Awuni Alice Bianco O. Dogbey Alice Fusaro Daniel T. Yingar

Between November 2017 and February 2018, Ghanaian poultry producers reported to animal health authorities a dramatic increase in mortality rate and a relevant drop in egg production in several layer hen farms. Laboratory investigations revealed that the farms had been infected by the H9N2 influenza subtype. Virological and molecular characterization of the viruses identified in Ghana is described here for the first time. Whole genome analysis showed that the viruses belong to the G1-lineage and cluster with viruses identified in North and West Africa. The low pathogenicity of the virus was confirmed by the intravenous pathogenicity index assay. Further investigations revealed co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage, which very likely explained the severity of the disease observed during the outbreaks. The H9N2 outbreaks in Ghana highlight the importance of performing a differential diagnosis and an in-depth characterization of emerging viruses. In addition, the detection of a potentially zoonotic subtype, such as the H9N2, in a region where highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx is currently circulating highlights the urgency of implementing enhanced monitoring strategies and supporting improved investments in regional diagnostic technologies. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSInfluenza A H9N2 subtype was detected in layer hens in Ghana in 2017–2018Whole genome characterization of seven H9N2 viruses was performedPhylogenetic trees revealed that the H9N2 viruses belong to the G1 lineageThe HA protein possesses the amino acid mutations 226L and 155TCo-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage was identified Influenza A H9N2 subtype was detected in layer hens in Ghana in 2017–2018 Whole genome characterization of seven H9N2 viruses was performed Phylogenetic trees revealed that the H9N2 viruses belong to the G1 lineage The HA protein possesses the amino acid mutations 226L and 155T Co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus of the GI-19 lineage was identified

10.6084/m9.figshare.8325443.v1

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Citations (0)

Heartwater in Ghana: Implications for control of ticks

Tropical Animal Health and Production (1996)

Lesley Bell‐Sakyi E.B.M. Koney O. Dogbey Keith Sumption

Amblyomma variegatum

Tick-borne disease

10.1007/bf02310701

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Citations (16)