This paper gives a new subspace correction algorithm for nonlinear unconstrained convex optimization problems based on the multigrid approach proposed by S.Nash in 2000 and the subspace correction algorithm proposed by X.Tai and J.Xu in 2001.Under some reasonable assumptions,we obtain the convergence as well as a convergence rate estimate for the algorithm.Numerical results show that the algorithm is effective.
This paper made analysis and evaluation of nutritional components and functional components of different Pueraria lobata roots. Nutritional components mainly include water,ash content,fat,reducing sugar,starch and cellulose; functional components mainly include flavone and polyphenol. Pueraria lobata root No. 1 has highest ash content,flavone,and polyphenol but lowest fat,so it is suitable for using as medical Pueraria lobata root resource. Pueraria lobata root No. 5 has starch content as high as 64. 43%,and is recommended using as vegetable and processing into Pueraria lobata powder. Pueraria lobata root No. 5 has cellulose content as high as 17. 79% and is recommended processing into Pueraria lobata tablets. Through comparison of nutritional and functional components of different Pueraria lobata roots,it is intended to provide reference for variety selection,breeding,production and processing of Pueraria lobata roots.
A model to calculate the thermodynamic functions of the pure metal nanocrystals has been developed, with the consideration of the effects of both the interfaces and the crystal in the nano-grain interior. As an example, the enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy, as functions of the excess free volume at interfaces, temperature and grain size, are calculated for the Co nanocrystals. Furthermore, the characteristics ofβ-Co→α-Co phase transformation are studied, and the transformation temperatures at different levels of grain size, as well as the critical grain sizes at different temperatures, are predicted. The calculation results show that, the nano-grainedβ-Co (fcc) is thermodynamically stable at temperatures much lower than that for the conventional coarse-grained materials, and may also stably exist at room temperature when the grain size is reduced to be small enough. The present model is verified by comparisons between the experimental findings and the theoretical predictions.
AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopy with a transparent cap on biopsy positioning in Barrett’s esophagus(BE).METHODS:One hundred and sixty-eight patients with suspected BE at endoscopy were enrolled in our study from November 2007 to December 2009 and divided into two groups:transparent cap group(n=60)and control group(n=108).Endoscopy with or without a transparent cap and subsequent biopsy of suspected lesions were performed by five experienced endoscopists in our hospital.In both groups,two biopsy specimens were taken from each patient,and the columnar epithelium or goblet cells in histological assessment were used as the diagnostic standard for BE.RESULTS:In the transparent cap group,41 cases were tongue type,while 17 and two cases were identified as island type and circumferential type,respectively.In the control group,65 tongue-type cases were confirmed,with 38 island-type and five circumferential-type cases.Moreover,there was no significant difference with regard to the composition of endoscopic BE types in the two groups(P>0.05).In the biopsy specimens,BE was detected in 50 cases in the transparent cap group(83.3%,50/60),whereas the detection rate in the control group(69.4%,75/108)was lower compared to that in the transparent cap group(P<0.05).In addition,goblet cells were recognized in only eight cases(all with columnar epithelium)(8/60,13.3%)in the transparent cap group,with 11 cases in the control group.CONCLUSION:Transparent cap-fitted endoscopy can guide biopsy positioning in BE without other accompanying complications,thus increasing the detection rate of BE.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)