Introduction of Oil Spill Crisis Management System Kunio Okayasu; Kunio Okayasu CRC Solutions Corp. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Akihiko Sato; Akihiko Sato Japan Oil Development Co. Ltd. JODCO Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Chikara Sasaki; Chikara Sasaki Japan Oil Development Co. Ltd. JODCO Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Ahmed A. Al Minhali; Ahmed A. Al Minhali Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Co. ADMA-OPCO Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Mohamed Bensahraoui; Mohamed Bensahraoui Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Co. ADMA-OPCO Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Ali M. Radhwan; Ali M. Radhwan Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Co. ADMA-OPCO Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Michael Keogh Michael Keogh Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Co. ADMA-OPCO Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, October 2002. Paper Number: SPE-78552-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/78552-MS Published: October 13 2002 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Okayasu, Kunio, Sato, Akihiko, Sasaki, Chikara, Al Minhali, Ahmed A., Bensahraoui, Mohamed, Radhwan, Ali M., and Michael Keogh. "Introduction of Oil Spill Crisis Management System." Paper presented at the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, October 2002. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/78552-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference Search Advanced Search BackgroundA crisis response exercise, "EXERCISE GHAZAL", was conducted in 1999 to give the ADNOC Crisis Management Team (CMT) practice in dealing with a realistic oil spill scenario in real time. The debriefing of this exercise clearly recognized the importance of sharing information through proper means of communication. Sharing information is essential for the Emergency Response Center (ERC) to effectively manage emergencies. It was also recognized that a useful computerized tool to assist in the management of an emergency was not available in Abu Dhabi. As ADNOC intends to introduce a common emergency management system to its Group of Companies, JODCO/CRC have been working with ADMA-OPCO to develop a PC based system called "InfoBook".PurposeA major oil spill in the Arabian Gulf has the potential to inflict economic damage on a national scale and also to create an environmental disaster across the entire region. By using an appropriate oil spill crisis management system, an effective and timely emergency response can be achieved in case of a crisis. As a result, environmental impacts due to the oil spill and the risk of a production shutdown can be minimized. This report explains the concept of the system and means of information sharing in an ERC, as well as the results of a recent desk top exercise held at ADMA-OPCO ERC.ConceptWhatever the emergency, the response can only be made by using facilities and equipment resources, and mobilizing and deploying personnel to the field according to operating procedures previously agreed upon. Since the process is universal and the facilities, resources and personnel available at the time are limited for any organization, it is not difficult to stream line the emergency measures used by the organization and transform them to a part of the data management processes. The following are the data sets and programs necessary for effective crisis management;MapsData Base (D/B)FacilitiesResourcesPersonnelStandard Operating Procedures (SOPs)Prediction Models etc.Information NetworkApplication as Information SharingMaps.When an accident is reported for the first time, the location needs to first be identified. The second step is to locate the personnel and resources available at that moment and mobilize them. The best approach is for all relevant personnel to have the same map and to share information regarding the locations as necessary to plan and execute their own missions.All decisions and actions of the ERC can be shown on the map so that it is easy for personnel outside the ERC to understand the actions taken by other functionaries. For example, the operation is improved when a man in charge of logistics and a man in charge of personnel see the same map and so coordinate the delivery of field workers to the requested site within a limited time frame.Maps are essential for crisis management and can be incorporated with a Geographic Information System (GIS), which includes information on facilities, resources and personnel, to provide a much better means to manage a crisis.Data Base (D/B).There are five D/B.s necessary for the ERC operation and they should be reviewed and improved after every incident for as long as the ERC exists.Maps.When an accident is reported for the first time, the location needs to first be identified. The second step is to locate the personnel and resources available at that moment and mobilize them. The best approach is for all relevant personnel to have the same map and to share information regarding the locations as necessary to plan and execute their own missions.All decisions and actions of the ERC can be shown on the map so that it is easy for personnel outside the ERC to understand the actions taken by other functionaries. For example, the operation is improved when a man in charge of logistics and a man in charge of personnel see the same map and so coordinate the delivery of field workers to the requested site within a limited time frame.Maps are essential for crisis management and can be incorporated with a Geographic Information System (GIS), which includes information on facilities, resources and personnel, to provide a much better means to manage a crisis.Data Base (D/B).There are five D/B.s necessary for the ERC operation and they should be reviewed and improved after every incident for as long as the ERC exists. Keywords: emergency, means, geographic information system, management system, oil spill, software, personnel, crisis management, chemical spill, contingency planning Subjects: HSSE & Social Responsibility Management, Environment, Contingency planning and emergency response, Oil and chemical spills This content is only available via PDF. 2002. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
Somatic mutations during stem cell division are responsible for several cancers. In principle, a similar process could occur during the intense cell proliferation accompanying human brain development, leading to the accumulation of regionally distributed foci of mutations. Using dual platform >5000-fold depth sequencing of 102 genes in 173 adult human brain samples, we detect and validate somatic mutations in 27 of 54 brains. Using a mathematical model of neurodevelopment and approximate Bayesian inference, we predict that macroscopic islands of pathologically mutated neurons are likely to be common in the general population. The detected mutation spectrum also includes DNMT3A and TET2 which are likely to have originated from blood cell lineages. Together, these findings establish developmental mutagenesis as a potential mechanism for neurodegenerative disorders, and provide a novel mechanism for the regional onset and focal pathology in sporadic cases.
Abstract Introduction A minority of patients with sporadic early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit de novo germ line mutations in the autosomal dominant genes such as APP PSEN1 , or PSEN2 . We hypothesized that negatively screened patients may harbor somatic variants in these genes. Methods We applied an ultrasensitive approach based on single‐molecule molecular inversion probes followed by deep next generation sequencing of 11 genes to 100 brain and 355 blood samples from 445 sporadic patients with AD (>80% exhibited an early onset, <66 years). Results We identified and confirmed nine somatic variants (allele fractions: 0.2%–10.8%): two APP , five SORL1 , one NCSTN , and one MARK4 variants by independent amplicon‐based deep sequencing. Discussion Two of the SORL1 variant might have contributed to the disease, the two APP variants were interpreted as likely benign and the other variants remained of unknown significance. Somatic variants in the autosomal dominant AD genes may not be a common cause of sporadic AD, including early onset cases.
Sir, we read with great interest the report describing 12 patients presented with early onset severe neurological disease, characterized by unique MRI features of leukoencephalopathy involving the thalamus and brainstem with high lactate (LTBL; Steenweg et al., 2012). Clinically, the patients fell into two distinct groups. Four patients showed a severe progressive psychomotor regression soon after birth followed by complex irreversible neurological features, however, all patients were alive up to 7 years of age. Eight patients had mild spasticity, seizures and irritability between 6 and 12 months of life with improvement of both clinical and MRI signs in the second year. Stereotypical brain MRI appearances led to molecular diagnosis of mutations in the mitochondrial glutamyl-tRNA synthetase ( EARS2 ) gene.
An increasing number of mutations have been identified recently in genes involved in mitochondrial protein synthesis (Smits et al., 2010; Chrzanowska-Lightowlers et al., 2011; Rotig, 2011). Most of these gene defects result in histological [cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficient or ragged red fibres] and biochemical (multiple respiratory chain defect) abnormalities in affected organs. The clinical phenotypes are usually early-onset, severe, and often fatal diseases, implying the importance of mitochondrial translation from birth. Although some have distinguishing features (Chrzanowska-Lightowlers et al., 2011; Rotig, 2011), as a group they form an overlapping spectrum of disease. The MRI features described by Steenweg et al. (2012) in patients with EARS2 mutations add characteristic radiological features to …
In 2006 the Chief Medical Officer for England – Liam Donaldson – announced that the risk of inhospital death due to human error was approximately 1 in 300 [11]. In a more recent study the UK came 16th out of 19 industrialized nations with an estimated 103 patients per 100,000 of the population dying as a result of healthcare-associated error [16]. The UK is not alone in this problem. Up to 98,000 deaths in the US per year are estimated to be due to human error in hospital [3,21], the equivalent number as in 233 jumbo jets [19]. Now, compare this to the risk of death on a commercial airline flight – 1 in 10 million [11] and these rates have been falling over the last ten years: in 2008 there were only 577 worldwide commercial aviation fatalities compared with 1,219 in 1998 [2]. It is important to remember that these fatalities relate to death from all aspects of aviation, however, between 60–80% are related to human error [20] and most of these attributed specifically to skill-based pilot error [10]. The success in aviation’s safety record has only been achieved through targeted and sustained measures to tackle the root causes of error. This article will go some way to highlight:
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