Taro Suzuki

Agricultural Institute

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Mitsuru Nakamura

Agricultural Research Center

Akihiro Ikeda

University of Wisconsin–Madison

Tomofumi Yoshida

Kumamoto University

Nagao Hayashi

Institute of Agrobiological Sciences

Takahiro A. Kato

Kyushu University

Haruka Suwazono

Tokyo University of Science

Yasukazu Kanda

Institute of Agrobiological Sciences

Haruhiko Inoue

Institute of Agrobiological Sciences

Y. Uchikawa

Tokyo Denki University

Yuko Mizukami

Agricultural Research Center

Cooperative Institutions

Nagoya University

Agricultural Research Center

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Institute of Agrobiological Sciences

Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences

Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories (Japan)

Tokyo University of Science

The University of Tokyo

Kyoto University

Aichi University

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Breeding of a new rice variety "Chubu138", a near-isogenic line of "Mineasahi", with blast and rice stripe disease resistance.

Taro Suzuki Masatoshi Nakamura N. Saka Akihiro Ikeda T. Terashima

Blast disease

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Identification and validation of QTLs for cold tolerance at the booting stage and other agronomic traits in a rice cross of a Japanese tolerant variety, Hananomai, and a NERICA parent, WAB56-104

Plant Production Science (2018)

Cornelius Mbathi Wainaina Daigo Makihara Mitsuru Nakamura Akihiro Ikeda Taro Suzuki

In Africa, cold temperatures occur in the highlands of East and Southern Africa and in some areas of the Sahel region of West Africa leading to substantial rice yield losses. Cold tolerance (CT) at booting stage on basis of spikelet fertility after cold water irrigation was evaluated using F2 population derived from a cross between temperate japonica, Hananomai, and tropical japonica, WAB56-104. Two Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for CT were detected on chromosome 8 and 10 with enhanced effects on the trait coming from Hananomai and WAB56-104 allele, respectively. The QTLs explained 30% and 33% of phenotypic variation in spikelet fertility, respectively. CT was negatively correlated with panicle number (r = −0.35, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with panicle weight (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Selected BC1F4 and BC1F5 genotypes having homozygous alleles for both CT QTLs exhibited higher spikelet fertility under cold stress. The identified QTLs will be useful in the development of cold-tolerant varieties for production in high altitude areas through marker-assisted selection.

Panicle

10.1080/1343943x.2018.1440970

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Characterization of Six Partial Resistance Genes and One Quantitative Trait Locus to Blast Disease Using Near Isogenic Lines with a Susceptible Genetic Background of Indica Group Rice (Oryza sativa)

PhytoFrontiers™ (2022)

Hiroki Saito Asami Tomita Tomofumi Yoshida Mitsuru Nakamura Taro Suzuki

Seven near isogenic lines (NILs) for six partial blast-resistance genes— Pi35, pi21, Pi37(t)( Pi37-KRIL17), Pb1, and Pi34 (two: Pi34-Chubu32 and Pi34-Chugoku40, originating from different Japonica Group rice lines, ‘Chubu 32’ and ‘Chugoku 40’, respectively)—and one quantitative trait locus (QTL), PiPHL9, derived from Japonica Group line ‘Hokkai PL9’, were developed in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). These NILs have the genetic background of an Indica Group susceptible line ‘US-2’, which does not harbor complete resistance genes and can clarify the effects of partial resistance genes and the QTL. These NILs and US-2 were used to determine the effects of the partial resistance genes and the QTL based on the results of an inoculation test for leaf blast using international standard differential blast isolates in the young seedling stage and a natural infection test in the mature stage after heading at a blast field. The NILs produced mainly moderate reactions in the inoculation test and rarely exhibited “resistant” and “susceptible” reactions. Each of the partial resistance genes and the QTL had different effects in panicle blast. Two genes, Pi35 and Pb1, were the most effective with respect to resistance, followed by Pi37-KRIL17. Pi34-Chugoku40 was the weakest. The effects of pi21, Pi34-Chubu32, and PiPHL9 varied among cultivation seasons and could be easily affected by environmental conditions. This is the first report clarifying the effects of partial resistance genes without the major complete genes, which will be helpful for advanced genetic and pathological studies and as a source of genes for rice breeding. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

Panicle

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Genetic Analysis

10.1094/phytofr-06-21-0042-r

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The role of <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. ‘Milyang 44’ husks on the resistance to two rice stink bugs

Breeding Science (2020)

Mitsuru Nakamura Taro Suzuki Tomofumi Yoshida Takahiro A. Kato Takao Oi

To elucidate the resistance mechanisms of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar 'Milyang 44' against rice stink bugs, we compared the number of stylet sheaths, husk perforations, and feeding marks on the surface of the grains caused by Leptocorisa chinensis and Cletus punctiger on Milyang 44 and the control cultivar, i.e., 'Aichinokaori SBL'. We also examined the cross-sectional structure of the rice husks. We found that the number of stylet sheaths per panicle was higher in Milyang 44 than in Aichinokaori SBL for both rice stink bug species, except in one test involving C. punctiger. However, Milyang 44 had significantly less damage per number of stylet sheaths than Aichinokaori SBL, resulting in a lower percentage rates of pecky rice grains in Milyang 44. Interestingly, there was no difference in the percentage rates of pecky rice between the two cultivars after removing one third of the husks. Histological analysis showed that the sclerenchymatous cell wall containing lignin of husk was thicker in Milyang 44 than in Aichinokaori SBL, suggesting that the husk of Milyang 44 plays an important role in its resistance to these two rice stink bug species.

Husk

10.1270/jsbbs.18149

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(1) AFLP Analysis to Identify Markers Linked to the Adzuki Brown Stem Rot Resistance Gene(Abstracts Presented at the Meeting of the Hokkaido Division, Sapporo, October 22, 2004, Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Division Meetings of the Phytopathological Society of Japan, 2003)

Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan (2005)

Taro Suzuki T. Takeuchi Satoshi Fujita Hiromi Shimada Toshiya Sato

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Characteristics of resistance for rice-ear bugs of the rice variety “Milyang 44”

Breeding Research (2017)

Mitsuru Nakamura Taro Suzuki Akihiro Ikeda Kazuhiko Sugiura

イネ品種「密陽44号」の斑点米カメムシ抵抗性の特徴を，籾の登熟段階およびカメムシの選好性から検討した．さらに圃場で3カ年栽培し，斑点米カメムシ自然発生条件下での抵抗性効果を検討した．抵抗性の特徴は，出穂10日後と20日後の稲株に加害特性の異なる2種のカメムシ（クモヘリカメムシ（籾の鉤合部を選択して加害，乳熟期前後の籾を加害），ホソハリカメムシ（籾の部位を選択せず加害，糊熟期を中心に幅広い登熟段階を加害））をそれぞれ放飼する集団検定法で調査した．斑点米率は籾の開花順序に基づいて着粒部位を分けた区分毎に調査するとともに，籾の登熟段階の指標として籾の硬度を測定した．その結果，「密陽44号」は出穂20日後に両種のカメムシに対して安定した抵抗性を示した．一方，出穂10日後では，クモヘリカメムシに対して供試年間で抵抗性にばらつきがみられ，ホソハリカメムシに対しては抵抗性がみられなかった．籾硬度と斑点米率の関係でも，両カメムシ種に対して負の相関がみられ，クモヘリカメムシに対してはある程度籾硬度が高くなると「あいちのかおりSBL」と同程度の硬度であっても斑点米率が低くなる関係がみられた．これらのことから，抵抗性は籾の登熟とともに高まり，ある程度登熟がすすんだ段階から安定すると考えられた．一方，ホソハリカメムシではいずれの籾硬度においても「あいちのかおりSBL」よりも斑点米率が低い関係がみられた．集団検定時に寄生虫数を調査した結果，クモヘリカメムシに非選好性がみられ，同種に対しては抵抗性機構が非選好性を伴うと考えられた．一方，ホソハリカメムシでは非選好性がみられなかった．カメムシ2種における上述の籾硬度と斑点米率の関係の違いは，この選好性や両種が好んで加害する籾の登熟段階の相違が影響していると考えられた．また，抵抗性の効果はクモヘリカメムシとホソハリカメムシがそれぞれ優占した自然発生条件下の圃場でも確認された．

Rice plant

10.1270/jsbbr.19.145

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Investigating the Mechanisms Underlying the Durability and Sustainable Use of Pb1 Gene-Mediated High Field Resistance to Rice Panicle Blast

Agronomy (2023)

Kiyoshi Fujii Taro Suzuki Mitsuru Nakamura Tomofumi Yoshida Y. Uchikawa

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, poses a significant threat to rice production. Rice blast susceptibility has been observed in Japanese rice varieties with excellent eating quality. Enhancing blast resistance is essential to ensure minimal use of agricultural chemicals. Two types of blast resistance are observed: True resistance, which is a type of qualitative resistance expressed by a major gene, and field resistance, which is a type of quantitative resistance expressed by multiple micro-acting genes. ‘Resistance collapse’, in which a variety with a true resistance gene becomes diseased by blast fungus races compatible with the resistance gene, has been observed. Varieties carrying blast-resistance genes, such as Pb1 (panicle blast resistance 1), have been developed through DNA marker-assisted selection. In this review, we focus on the Pb1, which expresses strong quantitative resistance to panicle blast and has been widely used in Japan without showing ‘resistance collapse’ for 40 years. Pb1 is an ‘adult plant resistance gene’ that does not exert strong selection pressure on the blast population during the leaf blast stage, thus preventing the selective multiplication of Pb1-compatible blast strains. This epidemiological mechanism prevents ‘resistance collapse’. Interdisciplinary research and breeding are required to sustainably use genes that induce high field resistance.

Panicle

10.3390/agronomy13071751

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Investigating the Mechanisms Underlying the Durability and Sustainable Use of Pb1 Gene-Mediated High Field Resistance to Rice Panicle Blast

Kiyoshi Fujii Taro Suzuki Mitsuru Nakamura Tomofumi Yoshida Y. Uchikawa

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, poses significant threat to rice production. Rice blast susceptibility has been observed in Japanese rice varieties with excellent eating quality. Enhancing blast resistance is essential to ensure minimal use of agricultural chemicals. Two types of blast resistance are observed: true resistance, which is a type of qualitative resistance expressed by a major gene, and field resistance, which is a type of quantitative resistance expressed by multiple micro-acting genes. ‘Resistance collapse’, in which a variety with a true resistance gene becomes diseased by blast fungus races compatible with the resistance gene, has been observed. Varieties carrying blast-resistance genes, such as Pb1 (panicle blast resistance 1), have been developed through DNA marker-assisted selection. In this review, we focus on the Pb1, which expresses strong quantitative resistance to panicle blast and has been widely used in Japan without showing ‘resistance collapse’ for 40 years. Pb1 is an ‘adult plant resistance gene’ that does not exert strong selection pressure on the blast population during the leaf blast stage, thus preventing the selective multiplication of Pb1-compatible blast strains. This epidemiological mechanism prevents ‘resistance collapse’. Interdisciplinary research and breeding are required to sustainably use genes that induce high field resistance.

Panicle

10.20944/preprints202305.1430.v1

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