Emily E. Wheeler

University of Massachusetts Boston

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Lisa Cosgrove

University of Massachusetts Boston

Allen F. Shaughnessy

Tufts University

Heidi M. Levitt

University of Massachusetts Boston

Sharon G. Horne

University of Massachusetts Boston

Sheldon Krimsky

Tufts University

Harold J. Bursztajn

Harvard University

Shannon M. Peters

Boston University

Elena Kosterina

American University of Central Asia

Madeline Brodt

Oklahoma State University

William V. Dube

Western New England University

Cooperative Institutions

University of Massachusetts Boston

Harvard University

Boston University

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental

Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center

University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School

Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

New England Center for Children

Universitätsklinikum Würzburg

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From caveat emptor to caveat venditor: time to stop the influence of money on practice guideline development

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice (2014)

Lisa Cosgrove Allen F. Shaughnessy Emily E. Wheeler Sheldon Krimsky Shannon M. Peters

Clinical neuropsychology

Caveat emptor

10.1111/jep.12244

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Citations (10)

RESISTANCE TO DISRUPTION IN A CLASSROOM SETTING

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (2011)

Diana Parry‐Cruwys Carrie M. Neal William H. Ahearn Emily E. Wheeler Raseeka Premchander

Substantial experimental evidence indicates that behavior reinforced on a denser schedule is more resistant to disruption than is behavior reinforced on a thinner schedule. The present experiment studied resistance to disruption in a natural educational environment. Responding during familiar activities was reinforced on a multiple variable‐interval (VI) 7‐s VI 30‐s schedule for 6 participants with developmental disabilities. Resistance to disruption was measured by presenting a distracting item. Response rates in the disruption components were compared to within‐session response rates in prior baseline components. Results were consistent with the predictions of behavioral momentum theory for 5 of 6 participants.

10.1901/jaba.2011.44-363

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Legal Parenting Rights as Predictors of Minority Stress, Parenting Stress, and Relationship Satisfaction among Sexual Minority Women

Julia A. Puckett Teresa Reeves Emily E. Wheeler Sharon G. Horne Kristin K. Sweeney

Minority Stress

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Conflict of Interest Policies and Industry Relationships of Guideline Development Group Members: A Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Depression

Accountability in Research (2016)

Lisa Cosgrove Sheldon Krimsky Emily E. Wheeler Shannon M. Peters Madeline Brodt

Because of increased attention to the issue of trustworthiness of clinical practice guidelines, it may be that both transparency and management of industry associations of guideline development groups (GDGs) have improved. The purpose of the present study was to assess a) the disclosure requirements of GDGs in a cross-section of guidelines for major depression; and, b) the extent and type of conflicts of panel members. Treatment guidelines for major depression were identified and searched for conflict of interest policies and disclosure statements. Multi-modal screens for undeclared conflicts were also conducted. Fourteen guidelines with a total of 172 panel members were included in the analysis. Eleven of the 14 guidelines (78%) had a stated conflict of interest policy or disclosure statement, although the policies varied widely. Most (57%) of the guidelines were developed by panels that had members with industry financial ties to drug companies that manufacture antidepressant medication. However, only a minority of total panel members (18%) had such conflicts of interest. Drug company speakers bureau participation was the most common type of conflict. Although some progress has been made, organizations that develop guidelines should continue to work toward greater transparency and minimization of financial conflicts of interest.

Guideline

10.1080/08989621.2016.1251319

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Industry’s colonization of psychiatry: Ethical and practical implications of financial conflicts of interest in the DSM-5

Feminism & Psychology (2013)

Lisa Cosgrove Emily E. Wheeler

The revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), scheduled for publication in May 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), has created a firestorm of controversy because of questions about undue industry influence. Specifically, concerns have been raised about financial conflicts of interest between DSM-5 panel members and the pharmaceutical industry. The authors argue that current approaches to the management of these relationships, particularly transparency of them, are insufficient solutions to the problem of industry’s capture of organized psychiatry. The conceptual framework of institutional corruption is used to understand psychiatry’s dependence on the pharmaceutical industry and to identify the epistemic assumptions that ground the DSM’s biopsychiatric discourse. APA’s rationale for including premenstrual dysphoric disorder in the DSM-5 as a Mood Disorder is reviewed and discussed.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

10.1177/0959353512467972

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Front & Back Matter

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2014)

Andrew Shepherd Mutsuhiro Nakao Takeaki Takeuchi Gregory L. Fricchione Giovanni Castellini

10.1159/000362355

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“Everything That We Can Do”: A Content Analysis of the Protective Strategies Used by GLBTQ Parents

Journal of GLBT Family Studies (2017)

Emily E. Wheeler Sharon G. Horne Meredith R. Maroney Teresa S. Johnson

Despite increased access to parenting rights through legal marriage and adoption, U.S. gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer (GLBTQ) parents continue to experience varying levels of support for their families. This study explored protective strategies, or actions taken to meet one's safety needs when vulnerable, that GLBTQ parents pursue. This study included 454 GLBTQ parents from a national survey. Participants' open-ended responses about protective strategies were extracted from the survey and analyzed using content analysis. Responses were coded into 10 categories capturing strategies GLBTQ parents used to protect their families. While strategies utilizing legal supports were common, the most cited strategies were symbolic strategies, including creating a family name and developing written statements of parent wishes. Exploratory analyses revealed no difference in mean number of strategies used between parents who reported having legal status as a parent through adoption or listing on the birth certificate and those without legal parenting status. These results suggest that GLBTQ parents, regardless of their legal parenting status, take intentional measures to achieve a sense of safety and increase social support. The findings reiterate the importance of both legal and social support of GLBTQ parents.

Content (measure theory)

10.1080/1550428x.2017.1325812

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Citations (13)

Disagreement About Consent

Neuropsychopharmacology (2006)

Stuart J. Youngner Emily E. Wheeler Shannon M. Peters Madeline Brodt Allen F. Shaughnessy

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The Effects of Structural Violence on the Well-being of Marginalized Communities in the United States

Journal of Pedagogy, Pluralism, and Practice (2016)

Rakhshanda Saleem Akansha Vaswani Emily E. Wheeler Meredith R. Maroney Marta E. Pagan‐Ortiz

Structural Violence

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Conflicts of interest and the quality of recommendations in clinical guidelines

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice (2012)

Lisa Cosgrove Harold J. Bursztajn Deborah R. Erlich Emily E. Wheeler Allen F. Shaughnessy

There is increasing concern that conflicts of interest affect the development process of clinical practice guidelines. We evaluated The American Psychiatric Association's Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder to determine the existence of financial and intellectual conflicts of interest and examine their possible effects. We selected this guideline because of its influence on clinical practice and because this guideline recommends pharmacotherapy for all levels of depression, despite controversies over the evidence base.We determined the number and type of financial conflicts of interest for members of the guideline development group as well as for the independent panel charged with mitigating any effect of these conflicts. We also quantified the potential for intellectual conflicts of interest. We examined the quality of references used to support recommendations, as well as the degree of congruence between the research results and the recommendations. Fewer than half (44.4%) of the studies supporting the recommendations met criteria for high quality. Over one-third (34.2%) of the cited research did not study outpatients with major depressive disorder, and 17.2% did not measure clinically relevant results. One-fifth (19.7%) of the references were not congruent with the recommendations. Financial ties to industry were disclosed by all members (100%) of the guideline development committee with members reporting a mean 20.5 relationships (range 9-33). The majority of the committee participated on pharmaceutical companies' speakers' bureaus. Members of the independent panel that reviewed the guidelines for bias had undeclared financial relationships. As a marker of intellectual conflict of interest, 9.1% of all cited research and 13% of references supporting the recommendations were co-authored by the six guideline developers.The prevalence of conflicts of interest among panel members was high. The quality of the evidence cited raises questions about the validity of the recommendations. Attention to the quality of cited studies and to the risk of bias resulting from conflicts of interest should be a priority for guideline development groups.

10.1111/jep.12016

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Citations (89)