Water reservoirs as one of the sources for the supply of domestic water to Surat city are having extensive algal blooms that may contain species of toxic cyanobacteria. Current water treatment procedures do not detect or try to remove toxins possibly produced by these toxic cyanobacteria. These toxins are potent health hazard if present in drinking water. The aim of the present study was to study the presence of any such toxic cyanobacteria along with its diversity and their toxins in surface water of river Tapi. Detail analysis of nutrient pollution in surface water along with seasonal variation in cyanobacterial population was studied. Detecting genes responsible for toxin production in cyanobacteria that identify the possible health hazard of cyanobacterial toxins in drinking water reservoirs of Surat city.
The present study is design to investigate effect of immobilized algal cells as a growth promoter for improving quality and quantity of Leguminosae plant such as mung bean (Vigna radiata). The experiment was conducted in plant growth chamber during month of January 2024. The experiment was performed in plastic glass using cocopeat. Immobilized beads were coated with Chitosan and followed by sun drying of that bead. The experiment consists of five treatments which was T0: Control, T1: With chitosan Chlorococcum beads, T2: Without chitosan Chlorococcum beads, T3: With chitosan Scenedesmus beads and T4: Without chitosan Scenedesmus beads. The result revealed that seeds treated with Chitosan treatment of algal beads (T1 and T3) it gives significant growth as compared to Control (T0). Shoot length and root length were significantly increased in treatments (T1 and T3) as compared to control. Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorous concentration were significantly increased in all treatment as compared to control whereas, Sulphur concentration was increased in control. Chlorophyll content was also, significantly increased in all treatment compared to control.
Now a day, India along with whole world is facing the worst phase of air pollution. All the metropolitan and smart cities air is suffering from various pollutants. Even though rural areas are not away from this severe problem. AQI, AQI Index, visuality and respiratory illness are some of the eye catching words in media today. Air quality is not dependent on any single parameter. Air quality gets affected by gases, particulate matters, topography, metrology, chemical compounds etc. This paper focusesâ the effect of criteria pollutants, volatile organic compounds and meteorological factors on the air quality of various cities. The Air Quality Index of those cities has been compared with parameters and whole AQI values have been categorized into five ranges mentioned by NAAQS. The data collected and analyzed in this paper entails that PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and NOx are the key role players. Amongst VOCâs, toluene played the main role while in metrology solar radiations and wind degree influenced the air quality most. At certain locations the AQI index reached its severe category which results in respiratory ailments and ultimately death on prolonged exposure to this condition.
Chemical fertilizers have impact on soil texture and also affects the plant growth upto certain level. Due to overuse of chemicals, soil profile has major changes in Gujarat. South Gujarat having major agricultural practices in vegetables, fruits and Sugarcane. The phtotrophic microorganisms isolated from wetland of Nanikakrad situated near to Navasari. The impact of algal biofertilizers on the growth of Solanum melongena, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annum was researched through a pot study. Plant height, width, and the number of leaves at different time intervals were measured, and soil nutrient levels were analysed by measuring Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur content. A total of 30 pots (10 for each plant species) were used, and eight different isolates were applied across treatment. Two pots of plants were maintained as controls; one including chemical fertilizers. Plant growth was significantly promoted by isolates I1 and I2 in Solanum melongena, while in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum, all treatments improved growth compared with controls. Chlorophyll content was significantly increased in chemical fertilized Solanum melongena, whereas in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum, I1 significantly increased Chlorophyll content. These findings underline the potential of algal biofertilizers as a smarter, safer alternative to chemical fertilizers that promise to drive sustainable growth in agriculture.
The growing demands of agriculture and the necessity to reduce the environmental impacts of chemical fertilizers have brought algal biofertilizers to the forefront as a sustainable solution. Algal consortium-based biofertilizers, in particular, hold promise due to their capacity to improve soil health, increase crop yield, and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. This paper examines the potential of algal consortium as a unique biofertilizer, emphasizing the roles of different algal species, the mechanisms they employ in nutrient enrichment, and the overall impact on soil and plant health. Improved nutrient availability (i.e., N, P, K, Zn, and S), phytohormone modulation, phytopathogen biocontrol, and reduction of biotic and abiotic stressors are some of the advantageous mechanisms of improved plant growth. Sustainable agriculture depends on the interaction between plants and microbes, and these microbes may play a crucial role as ecological engineers in lowering the use of chemical fertilizers. Inoculum preparation, the addition of cell protectants like glycerol, lactose, and starch, a suitable carrier material, appropriate packaging, and the most effective delivery techniques are some of the steps involved in producing a solid-based or liquid biofertilizer formulation. Furthermore, entrapment/microencapsulation, nano-immobilization of microbial bioinoculants, and biofilm-based biofertilizers are examples of recent formulation advancements. Thus, using the resources at hand, inoculation with advantageous microbes has become a cutting-edge, environmentally friendly method of feeding the world's population. By analyzing the effectiveness of algal consortium-based biofertilizers and comparing them with traditional synthetic fertilizers, this paper highlights their advantages, challenges, and future research directions in sustainable agriculture.
Various bio-conversion reactions given by lipases such as hydrolysis, transesterification, esterification, alcohoysis, acidolysis and aminolysis. The potential esterification process in soil plays important role not only as a fertilizer or nutrient but also act as a modulator to alter the conditions of soil and help in uptake of nutrient and minerals. This potential formulation accumulates micro-nutrients and mineral that promotes growth of plants. The trials of vegetable plants and grains shown significant increase in crop yield per hector area. The bulk density and field capacity of the soil are also significantly change and act as soil conditioner also influence the growth of plants. The micronutrients uptake of plant helps optimize the soil pH and improve the soil conditions. The inventors of present invention tested formulation as plant growth promoters that enhance crop characteristics like panicle length, plant height, grain or fruit yield and add to nutrient value of the crop. Our product is fatty acid composite which play crucial role as plant growth promoter along with reducing seed germination time and increasing plant crop yield, it also beneficial to work under water stress conditions and variant geo-climatic conditions.
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