Kenneth A. Snyder

National Institute of Standards and Technology

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Dale P. Bentz

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Edward J. Garboczi

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Max A. Peltz

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Paul E. Stutzman

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Jeffrey W. Bullard

Texas A&M University

James R Clifton

Brown University

Chiara F. Ferraris

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Jason Weiss

Purdue University West Lafayette

E. Samson

Blacktown & Mount Druitt Hospital

J. Marchand

École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique

Cooperative Institutions

National Institute of Standards and Technology

National Institute of Standards

United States Department of Commerce

Purdue University West Lafayette

Material Measurement Laboratory

University of Maryland, College Park

Université Laval

United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Information Technology Laboratory

NIST Center for Neutron Research

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Doubling the service life of concrete structures. I: Reducing ion mobility using nanoscale viscosity modifiers

Cement and Concrete Composites (2008)

Dale P. Bentz Kenneth A. Snyder Laura C. Cass Max A. Peltz

Service life

Silica fume

Cementitious

10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.05.001

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Citations (55)

Using impedance spectroscopy to assess the viability of the rapid chloride test for determining concrete conductivity

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (2000)

Kenneth A. Snyder Chiara F. Ferraris Nicos Martys Edward J. Garboczi

The suitability of using the initial current from the rapid chloride test (ASTM C 1202) to determine specimen conductivity is tested using impedance spectroscopy with a frequency spectrum of 10 Hz to 1 MHz. The specimen conductivity has an analytical relationship to specimen diffusivity and so is a useful quantity in service life prediction. Measurements made on specimens of different lengths indicate that the total charge passed during the six hour conduction test carried out according to ASTM C 1202 is not a direct measure of specimen conductivity. Further, ohmic heating during the 6 hour test makes it nearly impossible to directly measure any specimen transport property from the results. The total charge passed during the 6 hour conduction test is, therefore, not a reliable quantity for service life prediction. Results indicate that the direct current (dc) measurement of resistance using a voltage of 60 V is sufficient to overwhelm polarization effects, thereby yielding an accurate estimate of the true specimen conductivity. Impedance spectroscopy measurements also indicate that corrosion may form on the brass electrodes, adding bias to a conductivity estimate based upon a dc measurement.

10.6028/jres.105.040

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Citations (87)

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS INSIGHTS ON THE USE OF CEMENTS IN WASTE MANAGEMENT | NIST

David W. Esh J. R. Philip Kenneth A. Snyder

NIST

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Performance assessments insights on the use of cements in waste management

EPJ Web of Conferences (2011)

David W. Esh John Philip Kenneth A. Snyder

The use of cementitious materials has been proposed in a variety of waste management systems because these materials can have a variety of desirable performance characteristics: hydraulic isolation, chemical isolation, structural stability. Cementitious barriers are commonly engineered with a goal of achieving the highest quality material possible (e.g. minimizing hydraulic conductivity, porosity, tortuosity, diffusivity). However, a single performance goal may not be optimum when practical considerations of designs and performance characteristics are considered simultaneously. In addition, laboratory-scale optimized designs may have field-scale characteristics that are less than ideal.

Cementitious

Tortuosity

10.1051/epjconf/20111204001

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Citations (1)

Using Thermodynamics to Simulate Cement Paste Microstructure Development | NIST

Jeffrey W. Bullard Barbara Lothenbach Paul E. Stutzman Kenneth A. Snyder

We couple equilibrium thermodynamic calculations to a 3D microstructure model to simulate microstructure development during hydration of portland cement paste. The model uses a collection of growth/dissolution rules to approximate a range of growth modes at material interfaces, including growth by weighted mean curvature and growth by random aggregation. The growth rules are formulated for each type of material interface to capture the kinds of cement paste microstructure changes that are typically observed experimentally by microscopy. We make quantitative comparisons between simulated and observed microstructures for two ordinary portland cements, including bulk phase analyses and twopoint correlation functions for various phases. The method is also shown to provide accurate predictions of the heats of hydration and 28 d mortar cube compressive strengths. The method is an attractive alternative to the cement hydration and microstructure model CEMHYD3D because it has a better thermodynamic and kinetic basis and because it is transferable to other cementitious material systems.

Cementitious

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Citations (1)

Cement and Concrete Materials Research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) | NIST

Edward J. Garboczi Dale P. Bentz Jeffrey W. Bullard Chiara F. Ferraris Nicos Martys

NIST

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Modeling Degradation of Cementitious Materials in Aggressive Aqueous Environments

RILEM state-of-the-art reports (2012)

P. Le Bescop Barbara Lothenbach E. Samson Kenneth A. Snyder

Cementitious

Degradation

Alkali–silica reaction

10.1007/978-94-007-5413-3_7

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Citations (4)

X-ray absorption studies of drying of cementitious tile adhesive mortars

Cement and Concrete Composites (2007)

Dale P. Bentz Claus‐Jochen Haecker Max A. Peltz Kenneth A. Snyder

Cementitious

Particle (ecology)

10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.10.007

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Citations (21)

Modeling Air‐Void Systems in Hydrated Cement Paste

Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering (1991)

Kenneth A. Snyder Kenneth C. Hover K. Natesaiyer M J Simon

Abstract: Multiple techniques for modeling the air‐void system in hydrated cement paste are proposed based on uniformly dispersed spheres following a given diameter distribution. The model is developed for the analysis of air voids intersecting a random plane passed through the volume. the model is then modified for the calculation of the protected paste volume, which is the fraction of the volume contained within a given distribution of overlapping spheres. Applications of this model to other fields of study are suggested.

Void (composites)

Volume fraction

10.1111/j.1467-8667.1991.tb00396.x

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Citations (3)

How do specific surface area and particle size distribution change when granular media dissolve?

Chemical Engineering Journal (2020)

Jeffrey W. Bullard Qingxu Jin Kenneth A. Snyder

Specific surface area

Particle (ecology)

Constant (computer programming)

10.1016/j.cej.2020.127098

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Citations (16)