Clear cell acanthoma (CCA), also known as “Degos acanthoma” and “acanthome cellules Claires of Degos and Civatte,” was first described by Degos et al. in 1962. It is a rare, benign tumor of unknown etiology. Although most commonly located on the lower extremities, clear cell acanthomas can also appear on the trunk, forearm, face, inguinal area, and few cases of nipple and areola lesions have been reported. Lesions are usually solitary; however, there are reports of rare cases of multiple disseminated clear cell acanthomas. These tumors clinically present in middle-aged to elderly individuals as an asymptomatic, slowly enlarging, red or red-brown, dome-shaped papule or nodule with a wafer-like scale collarette. Prognosis is excellent for these lesions as they are benign. Skin biopsy is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis, but a variety of other methods can also accomplish the removal.
Ewing Sarcoma is the second most common primary bone cancer. To date, only a few cases of primary cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma have been published. We present a unique case of primary cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma, which presented as a blue to violaceous mass on a young woman’s chest. The lesion clinically did not align with previous reports of primary cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma but pathology and immunohistochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis. Because primary cutaneous Ewing Sarcoma may masquerade as benign tumors, dermatologists must be suspicious of otherwise benign looking tumors.
Fibrofolliculoma and trichodiscoma are adnexal tumors that arise from or around hair follicles and are two of the many characteristic features of Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome. Fibrofolliculoma and other hair follicle hamartomas can be differentiated from their clinically indistinct counterparts (eg, trichodiscomas, trichoadenomas) by histologic and staining comparison. We report a rare case of a 54-year-old man who presented with a subcutaneous papule on the abdomen that was histologically proven to have features of both a solitary fibrofolliculoma and trichodiscoma.
Epidermal nevus syndrome is a multi-system disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. Numerous specialists may be required to address its extra cutaneous manifestations.We report a severe case of epidermal nevus syndrome involving the oral cavity, pharynx, and central nervous system in addition to disfiguring skin lesions.Dermatologists are in a unique position to first render the diagnosis of epidermal nevus syndrome for young patients and ensure appropriate follow-up.
Von Hebra first described erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis) in 1868. It characteristically demonstrates diffuse erythema and scaling of greater than 90% of the body surface area. It is a reaction pattern and cutaneous manifestation of a myriad of underlying ailments, including psoriasis and eczema, or a reaction to the consumption of certain drugs. Though some experts believe it does not pose a significant risk of death, erythroderma is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires proper diagnosis, identification of underlying etiology, and management.
Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (DLBCLLT) is a rare, intermediately aggressive form of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) that is characterized by the presence of large round cells on histopathology. Clinically, patients present with red-brown nodules on the distal legs. The prognosis is less favorable than other types of CBCLs, with a 5-year survival rate of 50%. We present a case of primary cutaneous DLBCLLT in a 74-year-old woman. A comprehensive review of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and CBCL also is provided, along with a discussion of the T-cell and B-cell forms of pseudolymphoma.
