Background and Objective: An early detection of osteoporosis through DEXA procedure will not only improve the disease management practices but also would help in impeding national productivity losses by mass screening and awareness. Our objective was to measure efficacy of DEXA procedure in early detection of osteoporosis and prevention of its complications.Methods: This case series observational study was designed to confirm the bone mineral density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometery (DEXA). The duration of study was three years from November 2010 to October 2013. Subjects aged between 30 (when the risk of osteoporosis is low) to 60 (when osteoporosis is almost sure to be found).Results: Three hundred thirty patients were evaluated. There were 23 (6.96%) male and 307 (93.03%) female. Normal male were 09 (39.10%), osteopenia 11 (47.80%) and osteoporosis 3 (13%). Normal females were 72 (23.50%), osteopenia 140 (45.60%) and osteoporosis 95 (30.90%). P-value was more then 0.005 and not significant. Mean age was 48.73, minimum 30, maximum 60 and SD 7.247. Population category distribution was 243(76.6%) from urban and 87(26.4%) rural. In urban areas normal were 56(23%), osteopenia 113(46.50%) and osteoporosis 74(30.50%). In rural areas normal 25(28.70%), osteopenia 38(43.70%) and osteoporosis 24(27.60%). P-value was 0.567. Out of 330 there were 81(24.54%) normal, 98 ((29.69%) osteoporosis and 151 (45.75%) osteopenia.Conclusion: Osteopenia was the most common diagnosis mostly in younger age group and early diagnosis of this problem can help prevent osteoporosis.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.306.5566How to cite this:Makhdoom A, Rahopoto MQ, Siddiqui KA, Qureshi GA. Detection of osteoporosis by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Pak J Med Sci 2014;30(6):1265-1269. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.306.5566This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Many studies have demonstrated that honey has antibacterial activity in vitro, and a small number of clinical case studies have shown that application of honey to severely infected cutaneous wounds is capable of clearing infection from the wound and improving tissue healing. Research has also indicated that honey may possess anti-inflammatory activity and stimulate immune responses within a wound. The overall effect is to reduce infection and to enhance wound healing in burns, ulcers, and other cutaneous wounds. The objective of the study was to find out the results of topical wound dressings in diabetic wounds with natural honey.The study was conducted at department of Orthopaedics, Unit-1, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro from July 2006 to June 2007. Study design was experimental. The inclusion criteria were patients of either gender with any age group having diabetic foot Wagner type I, II, III and II. The exclusion criteria were patients not willing for studies and who needed urgent amputation due to deteriorating illness. Initially all wounds were washed thoroughly and necrotic tissues removed and dressings with honey were applied and continued up to healing of wounds.Total number of patients was 12 (14 feet). There were 8 males (66.67%) and 4 females (33.33%), 2 cases (16.67%) were presented with bilateral diabetic feet. The age range was 35 to 65 years (46 +/- 9.07 years). Amputations of big toe in 3 patients (25%), second and third toe ray in 2 patients (16.67%) and of fourth and fifth toes at the level of metatarsophalengeal joints were done in 3 patients (25%). One patient (8.33%) had below knee amputation.In our study we observed excellent results in treating diabetic wounds with dressings soaked with natural honey. The disability of diabetic foot patients was minimized by decreasing the rate of leg or foot amputations and thus enhancing the quality and productivity of individual life.
Currently improvement in intensive care throughout the world has resulted in improved survival of trauma victim and therefore paradigm has also shifted accordingly. The outcome, instead of mortality and morbidity, is now measured in term of Activities of daily living (ADLs) and quality of (QoL). However most of the scoring systems that measure QoL do not adequately address sexual dysfunction. Therefore the issue has yet not been fully quantified; consequently it is still unresolved. In our part of the world problem is squared as sex is considered something that SHOULD NEVER BE TALKED ABOUT. The patients of orthopedic trauma and burn victims' have many common features that includes prolong hospitalization, repeated surgical procedure, some residual morbidity and intensive rehabilitation; we therefore design this cross sectional study to investigate the sexual functions in these patients. We used translated version of two different questionnaires for male and female patients'. To evaluate erectile dysfunction in male, IIEF-5 questionnaire, which is an abbreviated version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) 17, was used. For sexual dysfunction in female we used modified Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) that focuses sexual dysfunction. Patients who survive major orthopedic/burn trauma and successfully completed their rehabilitation phase were enroll for the study. During 30 months (July 2011 to Dec 2013) total 870 patients (318 female patients and 552 male patients) were interviewed. Among these 368 were Burn Survivors (210 male, 158 female), 252 sustained orthopedic (male 174, female 78), while 250 were control (male 168, Female 82). Data analysis was done using MedCalc version 12.5.0.0. Demographic variables presented as frequency, mean or proportion. The study groups were compared with controls using independent student t test. The level of statistical significance was taken as p < 0.05. Results showed marked reduction in sexual functions for both male and female of study groups. Male experienced predominately decreased libido and erectile dysfunction while female failed to find pleasure in sex. Although sexual dysfunction observed in control group, majority were satisfied with their sexual life (SD ±1.24). Only 11 patients were enjoying their sex life after incidence of trauma as it was before the incidence. In conclusions, Sex is fundamental right of all humans. Therefore sexual dysfunction may lead to psychosocial problems with all its attendant risks and hazards. NGOs come forward to offer prolong sexual functions surveillance of all trauma survivors if we have to return useful person to the society.
To observe the level of bone mineral density by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in rheumatoid arthritis patients.The observational study was conducted at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, from January 2011 to December 2014. Bone mineral density was measured from the femoral neck, ward's triangle and lumbar spine, in patients 25-55 years of age, who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. All the cases were assessed for bone mineral density from appendicular as well as axial skeleton. Data was collected through a designed proforma and analysis was performed using SPSS 21.Of the 229 rheumatoid arthritis patients, 33(14.4%) were males. Five (15.1%) males had normal bone density, 14(42.4%) had osteopenia and 14(42.4%) had osteoporosis. Of the 196(85.5%) females, 45(29.9%) had normal bone density, 72 (37.7%) had osteopenia and 79(40.30%) had osteoporosis. Of the 123(53.7%) patients aged 30-50 years, 38(30.9%) had normal bone density, 59(48.0%) had osteopenia, and 26(21.1%) had osteoporosis. Of the 106(46.3%) patients over 50 years, 12(11.3%) had normal bone density, 27 (25.5%) had osteopenia and 67(63.2%) had osteoporosis.Osteoporosis and osteopenia were most common among rheumatoid arthritis patients. Assessment of bone mineral density by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry can lead to quick relief in the clinical symptoms with timely therapy.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serum calcium levels in the patients suffering from tuberculosis of
various bones and joints.
DESIGN: Observational case series.
PLACE AND DURATION OF THE STUDY: The Department of Orthopedics Unit-I Liaquat University
of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from December 2006 to November 2007.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients, age 06-75 years, of either gender suffering from
tuberculosis of various bones and joints were evaluated for the serum calcium levels. There
were 14 males and 27 females with male-female ratio of 2:3. The involved bones and joints included
knee (19.51%), dorsal spine (17%), elbow (14.63%), ankle (14.63%), wrist (12.19%), hip
(9.75%), shoulder (7.31%) and ilium (4.87%).
RESULTS: Serum calcium level range was 1.7-mg/dl, minimum 5.50 mg/dl and maximum was
7.20 mg/dl. Mean±SD calcium level was 7.50±0.92 mg/dl, median 7.50 mg/dl and mode was 7.40
mg/dl.
CONCLUSION: The serum calcium levels in patients suffering from skeletal tuberculosis appear
to be low.
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