e17058 Background: Nowadays, the use of chemotherapy in the well-differentiated non medullary thyroid cancer, locally advanced stage and/or with radioiodine refractory metastases (Advanced CDT) is considered of scanty value. However, in the last 40 years was not published any phase III study nor a systematic review of its use in clinical setting. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in databases such as Medline and Embase, among others. Two independent reviewers analyzed the articles selected full text, made a critical reading and extracted results using forms designed specifically. A qualitative synthesis of the results was performed and the accumulated data were calculated. Results: Of 509 references identified by searching the database, sixteen studies with 473 patients published in the last 40 years were included. Four studies included only patients with well-differentiated tumors. The overall response rate was 22.5% (between 0-57%) with a 2.5% complete responses and a clinical benefit (BC) in 51% (19-93 %) of cases. In addition, unlike modern studies a performance status > 2 was described in about 40% of patients. Five studies published individual survival data from 54 patients with advanced CDT: the median survival was estimated at 18 months (95% CI 0 to 37.5), with significant differences between patients treated before 2000 versus patients treated later (7 vs 41 months, P < 0.00) Overall survival time was unable to assess due to lack of data and the heterogeneity of the included studies. However, these data must be interpreted with caution because of the high risk of bias detected. Conclusions: Although it has not been able to find firm evidence on the effectiveness of chemotherapy, the results shown seems to have some efficacy, therefore, it could be necessary to be tested in well-designed studies versus or in combination with new therapies.