The Objective of the essay was to investigate the willingness, attitudes, behaviors, influencing factors, and reasons for not recommending influenza vaccines to pregnant women among healthcare workers (mainly obstetricians) in the Xiangxi region, and to provide scientific basis for improving the influenza vaccination rate among pregnant women in Xiangxi. Methods: In August 2022, an anonymous online survey was conducted on healthcare workers in the Xiangxi region using a self-designed questionnaire on the QuestionStar platform. The survey content included the general demographic characteristics of healthcare workers in the Xiangxi region and their willingness, attitudes, and behaviors regarding recommending influenza vaccines to pregnant women. To compare the differences in willingness to recommend influenza vaccines to pregnant women among healthcare workers with different characteristics, a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of recommending influenza vaccines to pregnant women by healthcare workers in Xiangxi. Results: A total of 102 healthcare workers in Xiangxi were surveyed, aged 20 to 59 years. Conclusion: The willingness of healthcare workers in Xiangxi to recommend influenza vaccines to pregnant women is low. Age, whether they have treated pregnant women with influenza, and occupation are the main influencing factors. The main reason for refusing to recommend influenza vaccines is the safety concerns of pregnant women regarding the vaccine.
Additional file 1 Table S1 to S9. Detailed data of results. Table S1: Detailed sequences of all the parts of our designed circuits; Table S2: Raw data for the fluorescence measurement of the protein & promoter; Table S3: Raw data for the fluorescence measurement of the protein & protein interaction of CIII & CII; Table S4: Parameters for tri-stable circuit modelling; Table S5: The variation of pH, β-galactosidase activity and l-lactate dehydrogenase activity in in vitro experiment to confirm the functionality of the circuit; Table S6: The variation of pH of the mice colon in the in vivo experiment to confirm the functionality of the circuit; Table S7: The variation of the β-galactosidase of the mice feces in the in vivo experiment to confirm the functionality of the circuit. Table S8: The experiment design and fecal sample collection of the 21-days in vivo experiment to detect the variation of mice gut microbiota; Table S9: The mean abundance of ASVs in the network and their taxonomic annotations.
We evaluated the effectiveness of various therapies to treat the traumatic splenic rupture by using data from our single center.From July 2008 to Jan 2014, 125 patients who were diagnosis spleen rupture without other organ injury were included into our present study. We divided these patients into two groups according to the managements of the splenic rupture: the operative management (OM) group (48 patients) and the non-operative management (NOM) group (77 patients). We compared the baseline characteristics and long-term outcomes of two groups. the OM group was divided into three sub-groups according to the different operative methods: the total splenectomy group, partial splenectomy group and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) group.Splenic injuries were most commonly observed in abdominal trauma: traffic accidents (49 cases), fall from height (36 cases), strike (22 cases), assaults (11 cases), and sports (7 cases). Of the patients included in our study, 48 patients accepted OM, and 77 patients accepted NOM. The baseline characteristics, including age, gender, BMI, and underlying diseases, were comparable between the two groups. However, the OM group patients exhibited more severe splenic rupture according to the AAST grade (P = 0.000). The three subgroups in the OM group (total splenectomies group (26 cases), partial splenectomy (12 patients), RFA-assisted spleen-preserving surgery (10 patients) exhibited no significant differences with respect to intraoperative data or postoperative recovery. The length of hospital stay in the NOM group was significantly longer than that in the OM group (6.8 ± 1.4 VS 3.4 ± 0.8, P = 0.000), but the OM and NOM patients reported comparable quality of life according to the SF-36 scale.In conclusion, the outcomes of operative management for splenic rupture were comparable, and the OM and the NOM patients exhibited a similar quality of life after splenic rupture, although longer hospital stays were observed in the NOM group.
Work environments can affect job satisfaction and psychological well-being. Using the job demand-control model as a foundation, this study aimed to explore the relationships between physical and psychosocial work environments and psychological well-being and job satisfaction in the workplace. A multistage sampling method was used with the 2012 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey among 4442 employees. Our outcome measures included psychological well-being and job satisfaction. The final model showed migrants (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13-1.60) and nonmanagerial employees (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.25-1.78) who worked in general enterprises (OR= 1.61, 95% CI = 1.34-1.92) or suffered longer weekly work hours (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24-1.63) had worse psychological well-being or lower job satisfaction. Following the job demand-control model, higher job demands and lower job autonomy were significantly and positively associated with worse psychological well-being and lower job satisfaction. This study highlights that improved work environments can protect employees’ well-being. Policymakers must provide better work environments. They must consider its physical environment (stable work contract and short work hours) and psychosocial environment (low job demands and high job autonomy) aspects, particularly for migrants and nonmanagerial employees.
Abstract Background Lactose malabsorption occurs in around 68% of the world populations, causing lactose intolerance (LI) symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhoea. To alleviate LI, previous studies mainly focused on strengthening intestinal β-galactosidase activity but neglected the inconspicuous colon pH drop caused by gut microbes’ fermentation on non-hydrolysed lactose. The colon pH drop will reduce intestinal β-galactosidase activity and influence the intestinal homeostasis. Results Here, we synthesized a tri-stable-switch circuit equipped with high β-galactosidase activity and pH rescue ability. This circuit can switch in functionality between expression of β-galactosidase and expression of l-lactate dehydrogenase in respond to intestinal lactose signal and intestinal pH signal. We confirmed the circuit functionality was efficient using 12-hrs in vitro culture at a range of pH levels, as well as 6-hrs in vivo simulations in mice colon. Moreover, another 21-days mice trial indicated that this circuit can recover lactose-effected gut microbiota of mice to the status (enterotypes) similar to that of mice without lactose intake. Conclusions Taken together, the tri-stable-switch circuit can serve as a promising prototype for LI symptoms relief, especially by flexibly adapting to environmental variation, stabilizing colon pH and restoring gut microbiota.
Objective:To elucidate the influences of ischemic preconditioning(IPC) on the changes of membrane phospholipid and cholesterol content in ischemia and reperfusion(IR) myocardial cells during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Methods: Seventy five felines were randomized into 3 groups: control group( n =25),in which CPB was conducted without aortic cross clamping(ACC); IR group( n =25),with 60 min ACC followed by 45 min reperfusion,and cardioplegia was used during ACC; IPC group( n =25),with protocol was similar to that of IR group except for three cycle 15 min IPC applied before ACC.Myocardium samples were obtained from apex of the left ventricule of feline 45,75,105,120,150 min after onset of CPB,and membrane phospholipid and cholesterol content of myocardial cells were measured.Results: In IR group,phospholipid and cholesterol contents on myocardial cell membrane were significantly declined at the end of ACC period and kept decreasing during reperfusion period.However,the C/P of myocardial cell membrane kept unchanged during ACC period but was markedly elevated during reperfusion period.In IPC group,no elevation of myocardial cell membrane phospholipid and cholesterol content was observed during ACC period,and lower membrane phospholipid and cholesterol contents were found compared to that in IR group during reperfusion period, which were slightly higher than that in control group.C/P of myocardial cell membrane kept unchanged during both ACC and reperfusion periods in IPC group.Conclusion: IPC may be effective in protecting myocardial cells from IR injury by reducing the loss of membrane phospholipid and cholesterol caused by IR during CPB.
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