J. Balibrea-Correa

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

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J. Lerendegui-Marco

Universidad de Sevilla

113

C. Domingo‐Pardo

Universitat de València

112

D. Cano‐Ott

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

C. Guerrero

Universidad de Sevilla

F. Calviño

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

E. Mendoza

Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas

E. González-Romero

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

J. Praena

Universidad de Granada

C. Massimi

University of Bologna

R. Reifarth

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Cooperative Institutions

European Organization for Nuclear Research

283

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

177

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

149

Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives

147

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

117

CEA Paris-Saclay

106

Australian National University

102

Universitat de València

Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

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First measurement of the s-process branching $^{79}$Se(n,$\gamma$)

Víctor Babiano Stephan Heinitz C. Guerrero Rugard Dressler E. González-Romero

Branching (polymer chemistry)

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Citations (1)

Measurement of the ²⁴¹Am neutron capture cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN

EPJ Web of Conferences (2017)

E. Mendoza D. Cano‐Ott S. Altstadt S. Andriamonje J. Andrzejewski

New neutron cross section measurements of minor actinides have been performed recently in order to reduce the uncertainties in the evaluated data, which is important for the design of advanced nuclear reactors and, in particular, for determining their performance in the transmutation of nuclear waste. We have measured the 241Am(n,γ) cross section at the n_TOF facility between 0.2 eV and 10 keV with a BaF2 Total Absorption Calorimeter, and the analysis of the measurement has been recently concluded. Our results are in reasonable agreement below 20 eV with the ones published by C. Lampoudis et al. in 2013, who reported a 22% larger capture cross section up to 110 eV compared to experimental and evaluated data published before. Our results also indicate that the 241Am(n,γ) cross section is underestimated in the present evaluated libraries between 20 eV and 2 keV by 25%, on average, and up to 35% for certain evaluations and energy ranges.

Nuclear transmutation

Nuclear data

Neutron capture

Absorption cross section

Calorimeter (particle physics)

10.1051/epjconf/201714611022

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Citations (1)

Measurement of the Ge76(n,γ) cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN

Physical review. C (2021)

A. Gawlik C. Lederer-Woods M. Krtička S. Valenta U. Battino

The $^{76}\mathrm{Ge}(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})$ reaction has been measured at the n_TOF facility at CERN via the time-of-flight technique. Neutron capture cross sections on $^{76}\mathrm{Ge}$ are of interest to a variety of low-background experiments, such as neutrinoless double $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay searches, and to nuclear astrophysics. We have determined resonance capture kernels up to 52 keV neutron energy and used the new data to calculate Maxwellian-averaged neutron capture cross sections for ${k}_{\mathrm{B}}T$ values of 5 to 100 keV.

10.1103/physrevc.104.044610

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Measurement of the 240Pu(n,f) cross-section at the CERN n-TOF facility: First results from EAR-2

A. Tsinganis A. Stamatopoulos N. Colonna R. Vlastou P. Schillebeeckx

The accurate knowledge of neutron cross-sections of a variety of plutonium isotopes and other minor actinides, such as neptunium, americium and curium, is crucial for feasibility and performance studies of advanced nuclear systems (Generation-IV reactors, Accelerator Driven Systems). In this context, the 240Pu(n,f) cross-section was measured with the time-of-flight technique at the CERN n-TOF facility at incident neutron energies ranging from thermal to several MeV. The present measurement is the first to have been performed at n-TOF's newly commissioned Experimental Area II (EAR-2), which is located at the end of an 18 m neutron beam-line and features a neutron fluence that is 25-30 times higher with respect to the existing 185 m flight-path (EAR-1), as well as stronger suppression of sample-induced backgrounds, due to the shorter times-of-flight involved. Preliminary results are presented.

Neptunium

Californium

Curium

Time-of-Flight

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Preparation of PbSe targets for 79Se neutron capture cross section studies

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment (2022)

Nadine M. Chiera Emilio Andrea Maugeri Ivan I. Danilov J. Balibrea-Correa C. Domingo‐Pardo

A methodology for the production of PbSe targets for 79Se neutron capture cross section studies is presented. PbSe material was synthesized by direct reaction of its constituents at high temperature, and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Thin PbSe targets, produced for cross section experiments with the surrogate reaction method, were obtained by applying a physical vapor deposition technique, and their morphology and composition were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Pb79Se targets produced for cross section measurements with the Time of Flight method were characterized by γ-ray spectroscopy. Finally, a procedure for the recovery of Se from PbSe is suggested. The purity of the retrieved Se was determined with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy.

Scalable Vector Graphics

10.1016/j.nima.2022.166443

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Neutron Capture on the s -Process Branching Point Tm171 via Time-of-Flight and Activation

Physical Review Letters (2020)

C. Guerrero J. Lerendegui-Marco M. Paul M. Tessler S. Heinitz

The neutron capture cross sections of several unstable nuclides acting as branching points in the $s$ process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies. The unstable $^{171}\mathrm{Tm}$ (${t}_{1/2}=1.92\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{yr}$) is part of the branching around mass $A\ensuremath{\sim}170$ but its neutron capture cross section as a function of the neutron energy is not known to date. In this work, following the production for the first time of more than 5 mg of $^{171}\mathrm{Tm}$ at the high-flux reactor Institut Laue-Langevin in France, a sample was produced at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. Two complementary experiments were carried out at the neutron time-of-flight facility ($n\text{_}\text{TOF}$) at CERN in Switzerland and at the SARAF liquid lithium target facility at Soreq Nuclear Research Center in Israel by time of flight and activation, respectively. The result of the time-of-flight experiment consists of the first ever set of resonance parameters and the corresponding average resonance parameters, allowing us to make an estimation of the Maxwellian-averaged cross sections (MACS) by extrapolation. The activation measurement provides a direct and more precise measurement of the MACS at 30 keV: 384(40) mb, with which the estimation from the $n\text{_}\text{TOF}$ data agree at the limit of 1 standard deviation. This value is 2.6 times lower than the JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VIII evaluations, 25% lower than that of the Bao et al. compilation, and 1.6 times larger than the value recommended in the KADoNiS (v1) database, based on the only previous experiment. Our result affects the nucleosynthesis at the $A\ensuremath{\sim}170$ branching, namely, the $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}$ abundance increases in the material lost by asymptotic giant branch stars, providing a better match to the available pre-solar SiC grain measurements compared to the calculations based on the current JEFF-3.3 model-based evaluation.

Neutron capture

10.1103/physrevlett.125.142701

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Citations (21)

New detection systems for an enhanced sensitivity in key stellar (n,γ) measurements

EPJ Web of Conferences (2023)

J. Lerendegui-Marco V. Babiano-Suárez J. Balibrea-Correa C. Domingo‐Pardo I. Ladarescu

Neutron capture cross-section measurements are fundamental in the study of astrophysical phenomena, such as the slow neutron capture (s-) process of nucleosynthesis operating in red-giant and massive stars. However, neutron capture measurements via the time-of-flight (TOF) technique on key $s$-process nuclei are often challenging. Difficulties arise from the limited mass ($\sim$mg) available and the high sample-related background in the case of the unstable $s$-process branching points. Measurements on neutron magic nuclei, that act as $s$-process bottlenecks, are affected by low (n,$\gamma$) cross sections and a dominant neutron scattering background. Overcoming these experimental challenges requires the combination of facilities with high instantaneous flux, such as n\_TOF-EAR2, with detection systems with an enhanced detection sensitivity and high counting rate capabilities. This contribution reviews some of the latest detector developments in detection systems for (n,$\gamma$) measurements at n\_TOF, such as i-TED, an innovative detection system which exploits the Compton imaging technique to reduce the dominant neutron scattering background and s-TED, a highly segmented total energy detector intended for high flux facilities. The discussion will be illustrated with results of the first measurement of key the $s$-process branching-point reaction $^{79}$Se(n,$\gamma$).

Neutron capture

Neutron Detection

r-process

s-process

Nuclear astrophysics

10.1051/epjconf/202327913001

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Citations (2)

Neutron capture measurements with high efficiency detectors and the Pulse Height Weighting Technique

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment (2022)

E. Mendoza V. Alcayne D. Cano‐Ott E. González-Romero T. Martínez

Neutron capture cross section measurements in time-of-flight facilities are usually performed by detecting the prompt γ-rays emitted in the capture reactions. One of the difficulties to be addressed in these measurements is that the emitted γ-rays may change with the neutron energy, and therefore also the detection efficiency. To deal with this situation, many measurements use the so called Total Energy Detection (TED) technique, usually in combination with the Pulse Height Weighting Technique (PHWT). With it, it is sought that the detection efficiency depends only on the total energy of the γ-ray cascade, which does not vary much with the neutron energy. This technique was developed in the 1960s and has been used in many neutron capture experiments to date. One of the requirements of the technique is that γ-ray detectors have a low efficiency. This has meant that the PHWT has been used with experimental setups with low detection efficiencies. However, this condition does not have to be fulfilled by the experimental system as a whole. The main goal of this work is to show that it is possible to measure with a high efficiency detection system that uses the PHWT, and how to analyze the measured data.

Neutron Detection

Neutron capture

10.1016/j.nima.2022.167894

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Citations (3)

Measurement of the Neutron Capture Cross Section of the Fissile Isotope 235U withthe CERN n TOF Total Absorption Calorimeter and a Fission Tagging Based onMicromegas Detectors

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (2013)

J. Balibrea-Correa F. Belloni E. Berthoumieux E. Chiaveri K. Fraval

Fissile material

Calorimeter (particle physics)

Neutron Detection

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