Roshan Mathew

Stony Brook School

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Trends

Author Order

Document Type

Co-Authors

Ankit Kumar Sahu

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Praveen Aggarwal

National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra

Nayer Jamshed

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Sanjeev Bhoi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Ritin Mohindra

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Rachana Bhat

Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Sanjeev Bhoi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Tej Prakash Sinha

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Akshay Kumar

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Ankit Kumar Sahu

University College of Medical Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur

Creative Commons

Harvard University

New York Medical College

Massachusetts General Hospital

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

University College London

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Field

Monocrotaline induces interleukin-6 mRNA expression in rat lungs.

PubMed (2001)

Anvita Bhargava Ashok Kumar Ning Yuan Gewitz Mh Roshan Mathew

Monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rats is preceded by an inflammatory response in the lungs, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is expressed in response to inflammation. To evaluate the role of IL-6 in monocrotaline-induced PH, rats received a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg) or an equivalent amount of normal saline. Pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), expression of IL-6 mRNA, and bioactivity of IL-6 in the lungs of these rats were examined 48 hours and 1 and 2 weeks after administration of monocrotaline. The effects of dexamethasone treatment on monocrotaline-induced PH also were evaluated. Two weeks after administration of monocrotaline, significant PH and RVH developed in these rats. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed expression of IL-6 mRNA in the lungs 48 hours and 1 and 2 weeks after administration of monocrotaline. This was confirmed using ribonuclease protection assay. The bioactivity of IL-6 in lung extracts progressively increased. Dexamethasone markedly inhibited expression of IL-6 mRNA and IL-6 bioactivity in the lungs, with concomitant attenuation of monocrotaline-induced PH and RVH. Our data show that monocrotaline induces expression of IL-6 mRNA in rat lungs and that inhibition of IL-6 results in attenuation of PH. These findings indicate that IL-6 may play a role in the pathogenesis of PH.

Subcutaneous injection

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Source

Cite

Citations (72)

Persistence of SARS-COV-2 in body fluids: a bystander or whistle blower

Iranian Journal of Microbiology (2020)

Ishani Bora Sanjib Gogoi Vaishnavi Venkatasubramanian Roshan Mathew Ritin Mohindra

The novel Coronavirus COVID-19 is wrecking a havoc across the globe and has been declared as a pandemic by WHO. Apart from transmission and shedding of the virus through respiratory secretions in the form of droplets (mainly), several studies have shown the presence of the virus in various samples such as stool, urine and occasionally in blood, semen, tears and breastmilk. Whereas government authority guidelines consider a person as cured from COVID-19 when along with clinical improvement no more virus can be detected primarily on respiratory samples along with clinical improvement; the persistence of the virus in these body fluids even after clinical recovery and negative RT-PCR test results on respiratory samples, has raised many questions about the elusive nature of this novel virus along with the possibility of other routes of transmission of this virus in the community. Although studies performed till now across the globe on persistence of SARSCOV-2 in various body fluids are sparse, in this review we would like to present and analyse the results of those studies performed globally on the aforesaid topic to get a better insight of this side of the COVID-19 story.

Coronavirus

Pandemic

Persistence (discontinuity)

Viral Shedding

10.18502/ijm.v12i5.4596

Cite

Citations (7)

Atrial Fibrillation: A Rare ECG Finding in Organophosphate Poisoning

Mathews Journal of Emergency Medicine (2022)

Shivam Patel Roshan Mathew Reena Patel

Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is very common in developing countries.Organophosphate compounds irreversibly bind to cholinesterase receptors that lead to cholinergic excess symptoms through nicotinic, muscarinic and central nervous system receptors.OP compounds can lead to cardiac complications which include tachycardia, bradycardia, hypotension, arrhythmias, AV blocks, pulmonary edema and rarely myocardial infarction.We report a case of organophosphate poisoning associated with atrial fibrillation and case was managed with atropine, PAM, antiarrhythmic drugs and other conservative measures.Cardiac complications should be treated accordingly along with antidote and supportive measures in OP poisoning for good outcomes

Organophosphate poisoning

10.30654/mjem.10047

Cite

Citations (0)

Role of Wide Awake Local Anaesthesia in Soft Tissue Injury of Hand

Mathews Journal of Emergency Medicine (2022)

Shivam Patel Mohammed T Ansari Roshan Mathew Praveen Aggarwal Murmu LR

Study hypothesis:We conducted a quasi-experimental study which includes the data from 79 patients enrolled from March 2015 to November 2016.Injury repair was done under WALA.Visual analogue pain scale was calculated before, during and after repair.Blood loss was measured during repair.Follow up was done to look for functional disability and complications following treatment.SD and mean were calculated for visual pain analogue scale.p-value was calculated to look for the significance of this study.Results: Of the 79 patients enrolled in the study 76 were presented with clean lacerated wound while 3 were having associated tendon injuries.The mean pain score on VAS before repair was 4.6, during repair were 2.23 and after repair was 1.44.The average blood loss during repair (mean + SD) came out to be 4.95 + 2.44, with only 4 patients having a loss of > 10 ml.There was significant decrease in VAS score (p value <0.001), patients were discharged within a short interval of repair and on follow-up none of the cases were having complications. Conclusion:In this study, we found that in hand repair done under WALA there is significant decrease in pain scale.Also amount of bleeding was minimum.WALA may be safely used in digital and peripheral sites as it has no complications with recommended dose.The use of WALA may simplify the way of treatment in repairing hand injuries and may have a role in early disposition of patients in the crowded emergency department.

Regional anaesthesia

10.30654/mjem.10046

Cite

Citations (1)

Hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for schoolchildren: A comparison study among different class groups

Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine (2020)

Ankit Kumar Sahu Roshan Mathew Nirmal Thakur Aaditya Katyal Sanjeev Bhoi

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Up to 70% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests are witnessed by family members, friends, and other bystanders. These bystanders can play a vital role in delivering help, before professional help arrives. Mandatory nationwide training of schoolchildren has shown the highest impact in improving the bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rate. In our study, we compared the competency of different classes of schoolchildren from middle school onward in learning hands-only CPR.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in four schools. Schoolchildren were divided into three groups as middle school (6th to 8th standard) (MS), secondary school (9th and 10th standard) (SC), and senior secondary school (11th and 12th standard) (SN). Training module consisted of slide presentation on "hands-only CPR" of 1 h, video demonstration of 30 min, and hands-on session of 2.5 h. Students were then individually assessed for the skills.RESULTS: A total of 810 children were enrolled and trained. Initial approach was performed correctly by 68% of MS, 79.3% of SC, and 82.4% of SN school children, whereas 49.4% of MS, 61.3% of SC, and 72.5% of SN correctly performed chest compression in terms of rate, depth, and duration. Median compression depth and maximum duration of CPR achieved were significantly different across class groups (P < 0.001) Compression depth and duration of chest compression were positively correlated with children's age, height, weight, and body mass index (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Theoretical training on hands-only CPR can be started at the middle school level, and practical training can be incorporated in school curricula from secondary school.

10.4103/2452-2473.297464

Cite

Citations (12)

Cardiac function in total anomalous pulmonary venous return before and after surgery.

Circulation (1977)

Roshan Mathew Otto G. Thilenius Robert L. Replogle R A Arcilla

Cardiac performance was evaluated in 12 infants with isolated total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Four had significant pulmonary venous obstruction and severe pulmonary hypertension (group A). Eight had no obvious venous obstruction, and the pulmonary pressures were lower (group B). In all subjects, right ventricular end-diastolic volume was increased (197% of predicted normal) and its ejection fraction was normal. Left ventricular volume was, generally speaking, still in the normal range (87% of predicted normal); however, its ejection fraction was reduced (0.57 vs normal of 0.73) and left ventricular output was low (3.08 L/min/m2 vs normal of 3.98). Left atrial volume was consistently small (53% of predicted normal) with an appendage of normal size. The infants in group A had smaller chamber volumes/m2 BSA than those in group B. Left atrial function was abnormal, characterized by reduced reservoir function and a greater role as "conduit" from right atrium to left ventricle. Left atrial size was not found to be critical in the surgical repair of TAPVR. Cardiac function is restored to normal following surgery.

Venous return curve

10.1161/01.cir.55.2.361

Cite

Citations (60)

Cocaine Decreases Cortical Cerebral Blood Flow but Does Not Obscure Regional Activation in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human Subjects

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (1998)

Randy L. Gollub Hans C. Breiter Howard L. Kantor David N. Kennedy David R. Gastfriend

The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine whether acute intravenous (IV) cocaine use would change global cerebral blood flow (CBF) or visual stimulation-induced functional activation. They used flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) scan sequences to measure CBF and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) sensitive T 2 * scan sequences during visual stimulation to measure neuronal activation before and after cocaine and saline infusions. Cocaine (0.6 mg/kg IV over 30 seconds) increased heart rate and mean blood pressure and decreased end tidal carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). All measures returned to baseline by 2 hours, the interinfusion interval, and were unchanged by saline. Flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery imaging demonstrated that cortical gray matter CBF was unchanged after saline infusion (–2.4 ± 6.5%) but decreased (–14.1 ± 8.5%) after cocaine infusion (n = 8, P < 0.01). No decreases were detected in white matter, nor were changes found comparing BOLD signal intensity in cortical gray matter immediately before cocaine infusion with that measured 10 minutes after infusion. Visual stimulation resulted in comparable BOLD signal increases in visual cortex in all conditions (before and after cocaine and saline infusion). Despite a small (14%) but significant decrease in global cortical gray matter CBF after acute cocaine infusion, specific regional increases in BOLD imaging, mediated by neurons, can be measured reliably.

10.1097/00004647-199807000-00003

Cite

Citations (124)

Pulmonary vasculature in monocrotaline-induced hypertensive rats on magnesium therapy.

PubMed (1990)

Roshan Mathew Gloster Es Altura Bt Altura Bm

We have previously demonstrated that magnesium therapy attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in rats. In this report we evaluate the effect of oral magnesium therapy on the pulmonary vasculature of monocrotaline-treated rats. Lung sections were prepared for light microscopic examination, and the medial wall thickness of pulmonary arteries of less than 100 microns in diameter was measured. The mean medial wall thickness of control rats was 6.98 +/- 1.16% of the external diameter of the pulmonary artery, the monocrotaline group had a significant increase in medial wall thickness (14.61 +/- 1.52%, p less than 0.005 vs control); in contrast 75% of MCT + magnesium group revealed a significant reduction in medial wall thickness (8.13 +/- 1.26%, p less than 0.02, vs monocrotaline group). Magnesium therapy alone had no effects on pulmonary vasculature. We conclude that magnesium has significant beneficial effects on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and the accompanying vascular lesions.

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Source

Cite

Citations (6)

DEVELOPMENT OF HEURISTICS TO GUIDE DECISION MAKING AT THE END OF LIFE FOR SOMEONE WITH DEMENTIA

Innovation in Aging (2017)

Nathan Davies Kethakie Lamahewa Roshan Mathew Jane Wilcock Jill Manthorpe

The end of life for someone with dementia can present a series of challenges for practitioners. Challenges may be eased with the development of heuristics (rules-of-thumb). For example, FAST is used in stroke: Facial-weakness, Arm-weakness, Slurred-speech, Time to call 911. Through a co-design process we developed a toolkit of heuristics to aid practitioners making difficult decisions when caring for someone with dementia at the end of life. The heuristic toolkit consisted of four areas which were considered difficult decisions at the end of life; eating/swallowing difficulties, agitation/restlessness, reviewing treatment/interventions, and providing routine care. Each heuristic consists of a logic tree of rules. For example, eating/swallowing difficulties have two rules; ensure eating/swallowing difficulties do not come as a surprise and reflection about ‘comfort-feeding’ only or time-trialled artificial feeding. Teams appreciated the simplicity of the heuristics, allowing their use in educating less experienced colleagues and as an aid to conversations with families.

Heuristics

Surprise

10.1093/geroni/igx004.976

Cite

Citations (0)

Atrial Myxoma Presenting as Acute Bilateral Limb Ischemia

Journal of Emergency Medicine (2019)

Roshan Mathew Naman Agrawal Praveen Aggarwal Nayer Jamshed

Atrial myxoma

Embolus

Presentation (obstetrics)

Emergency ultrasound