Selective acylation of ribonucleotides and ribonucleosides can be achieved by using N-acylimidazole on a preparative scale with good yields (50–80%). For uridine 3′-phosphate (Up): in the presence of MDCAI, the 2′-O-acyl-derivative is the main product, while in the presence of an excess of TEAH, the 5′-O-acyl-derivative is the main product. For ribonucleosides (UR or AR or ψR): in the presence of MDCAI, the acylations take place preferably at 2′-OH or 3′-OH of ribonucleosides and only 3′-O-acyl-derivatives can be isolated by crystallization; in the presence of an excess of TEAH. 5′-O-acyl-derivative is obtained as the main product. Arabinonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside are only slowly acylated to form 5′-O-acyl-derivatives as the main products by acylimidazole in the presence of MDCAI. Possible mechanisms of these acylations have been discussed.
A case of juvenile psoriatic arthritis in a 12 year-old boy was reported. The patient had a history of one and half a year of bilateral heel pain, followed by pain in the right knee and ankle and right hip joint. He developed psoriatic lesions affecting his nails and skin. He had increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) contents. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27 was detected but serum rheumatoid factor was not in the patient. A skin biopsy revealed psoriasis and ultrasonography demonstrated synovitis in right knee and ankle. Juvenile psoriatic arthritis was diagnosed based on his physical, laboratory and skin biopsy findings. A treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and sulfasalazine produced no effect. Leflunomide in conjunction with anti-TNF biologic agents (Etanercept) was administered, followed by symptomatic improvement 2 weeks later.
Objective To investigate the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) accompanying acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods Two patients with SLE accompanying AP were reported with a review of literature.Their clinical features and death-related factors were analyzed.Results The patients with SLE accompanying mild-moderate and severe AP accounted for 67.2% and 32.8% of all the 58 SLE patients with abdominal pain(98.3%) as their most common symptom.The mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with SLE accompanying severe AP than in those with SLE accompanying mild-moderate AP(68.4% vs 10.3%,P0.05).The mortality rate was much higher in patients with SLE accompanying acute renal failure than in those with SLE not accompanying acute renal failure(100%,19%;P=0.017).Logistic regression analysis showed that the lesions in four or more organs(OR=11.7,95% CI=1.75-78.0) could independently predict the mortality in patients with SLE accompanying AP,while corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents could be used as a protective factor(OR= 0.148,95% CI=0.035-0.627).Conclusion Pancreatitis should be suspected in SLE patients with unexplained abdominal pain.Lesions in four or more organs can be used as an independent predictor for mortality.The prognosis of patients with SLE accompanying severe AP or acute renal failure is poor.Active treatment can improve the prognosis and prolong the survival time of such patients.
Much progress has been made in recent years on the diagnostic value, Ag specificity, and pathogenic roles of autoantibodies correlated to the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in humans. However, carbohydrate Ag-specific autoantibodies that may also play important roles in RA have largely been ignored. In this article, we report that serum levels of Abs capable of recognizing α1,4-polygalacturonic acid [(PGA); major structural component of pectin] strongly correlate with RA in humans. The measurements of PGA-specific Abs (PGA-Abs) in sera are comparable to rheumatoid factors and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide Abs as serological diagnostic markers for RA in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Immunohistochemical staining results indicate that the PGA-Abs selectively bound synovial membrane cells and chondrocytes in the joints of both humans and rabbits (but not rodents). Induction of PGA-Abs by s.c. immunization of rabbits with carrier protein-conjugated synthetic PGA led to severe inflammatory reactions (synovial hyperplasia, small vessel proliferation, and inflammatory cell infiltration) in the joints. Injection of affinity purified anti-PGA IgG into the synovial cavity of rabbits resulted in accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β in synovial fluid, as well as local pathological damage. We conclude that the PGA-cross-reactive moiety represents a major autoantigen in the joints and can be targeted by autoantibodies capable of triggering arthritogenic responses in vivo.
Because the traditional colour image cross-modal retrieval methods have the problems of low retrieval accuracy and recall, and long retrieval time, a colour image cross-modal retrieval method based on multi-modal visual data fusion is proposed. First, multimodal visual colour images are collected, and then bilateral filtering method is used to filter the collected images to enhance colour images. Then, the enhanced multimodal visual data is coded, the image modal features and colour modal features through cross-layer fusion encoder are decomposed, and finally the decoded two modal features are fused. According to the multimodal visual data fusion results, cross-modal retrieval of colour images is performed by using two scale similarity measurement. The simulation results show that the proposed method has higher precision and recall rate for colour image cross-modal retrieval, and shorter retrieval time.
Recommender systems that learn from implicit feedback often use large volumes of a single type of implicit user feedback, such as clicks, to enhance the prediction of sparse target behavior such as purchases. Using multiple types of implicit user feedback for such target behavior prediction purposes is still an open question. Existing studies that attempted to learn from multiple types of user behavior often fail to: (i) learn universal and accurate user preferences from different behavioral data distributions, and (ii) overcome the noise and bias in observed implicit user feedback.
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is superior in providing better CT image contrast than traditional CT technology. However, noticeable ring artifacts are more likely caused by the imperfect functioning of photon-counting detectors. This study proposes an efficient ring artifacts correction approach based on the unique characteristics of unwanted components in multi-domains. First, a patch-based signed statistic is utilized to identify the aberrant patches in the frequency space data of the sinogram data. Then, the adaptive patch (AP) filter and plausible patch filtering strategies are developed to correct undesirable patches. Third, an adaptive stripe (AS) filter is suggested in the spatial space to enhance the AP-filtered sinogram data. The experimental results indicate that the proposed methods outperform the state-of-the-art methods in artifact removal and structure preservation.
This paper presents a novel heterogeneous multi-core Digital Signal Processor, named YHFT-QDSP, hosting one RISC CPU core and four VLIW DSP cores. The CPU core is responsible for task scheduling and management, while the DSP cores take charge of speeding up data processing. The YHFT-QDSP provides three kinds of interconnection communication. One is for inner-chip communication between the CPU core and the four DSP cores, the other two for both inner-chip and inter-chip communication amongst DSP cores. The YHFT-QDSP is implemented under SMIC® 130nm LVT CMOS technology and can run 350MHz@1.2V with 114.49 mm2 die area.
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