Xue-Ling Xu

China Agricultural University

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Shoulong Deng

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Kun Yu

Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Sujun Wu

China Agricultural University

Zhengxing Lian

China Agricultural University

Xiaosheng Zhang

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Shiyu Qi

China Agricultural University

Guoshi Liu

China Agricultural University

Guang Yi

China Agricultural University

Yue Zhao

Harbin Institute of Technology

Mingming Chen

China Agricultural University

Cooperative Institutions

China Agricultural University

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Wuhan University

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Institute of Animal Sciences

Qingdao University

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Effects of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Maternal Body on Infants

Frontiers in Endocrinology (2022)

Shiyu Qi Xue-Ling Xu Wenzhi Ma Shoulong Deng Zheng-Xing Lian

There are many organochlorine pollutants in the environment, which can be directly or indirectly exposed to by mothers, and as estrogen endocrine disruptors can cause damage to the lactation capacity of the mammary gland. In addition, because breast milk contains a lot of nutrients, it is the most important food source for new-born babies. If mothers are exposed to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), the lipophilic organochlorine contaminants can accumulate in breast milk fat and be passed to the infant through breast milk. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate organochlorine contaminants in human milk to estimate the health risks of these contaminants to breastfed infants. In addition, toxic substances in the mother can also be passed to the fetus through the placenta, which is also something we need to pay attention to. This article introduces several types of OCPs, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), methoxychlor (MXC), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), endosulfan, chlordane, heptachlorand and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mainly expounds their effects on women’s lactation ability and infant health, and provides reference for maternal and infant health. In addition, some measures and methods for the control of organochlorine pollutants are also described here.

Hexachlorobenzene

Chlordane

Methoxychlor

Lindane

Endosulfan

Heptachlor

Endocrine disruptor

Hexachlorocyclohexane

10.3389/fendo.2022.890307

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Citations (41)

A MSTNDel273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep by CRISPR/Cas9 promotes skeletal muscle myofiber hyperplasia via MEK-ERK-FOSL1 axis

eLife (2023)

Mingming Chen Yue Zhao Kun Yu Xue-Ling Xu Xiaosheng Zhang

Mutations in the well-known Myostatin (

Myostatin

C2C12

Knockout mouse

10.7554/elife.86827

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Citations (1)

Advances in Innate Immunity to Overcome Immune Rejection during Xenotransplantation

Cells (2022)

Tianyu Lu Xue-Ling Xu Xuguang Du Jinhua Wei Jianan Yu

Transplantation is an effective approach for treating end-stage organ failure. There has been a long-standing interest in xenotransplantation as a means of increasing the number of available organs. In the past decade, there has been tremendous progress in xenotransplantation accelerated by the development of rapid gene-editing tools and immunosuppressive therapy. Recently, the heart and kidney from pigs were transplanted into the recipients, which suggests that xenotransplantation has entered a new era. The genetic discrepancy and molecular incompatibility between pigs and primates results in barriers to xenotransplantation. An increasing body of evidence suggests that innate immune responses play an important role in all aspects of the xenogeneic rejection. Simultaneously, the role of important cellular components like macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and neutrophils, suggests that the innate immune response in the xenogeneic rejection should not be underestimated. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the innate immune system in xenotransplantation and highlight the key issues for future investigations. A better understanding of the innate immune responses in xenotransplantation may help to control the xenograft rejection and design optimal combination therapies.

Xenotransplantation

10.3390/cells11233865

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Citations (11)

Shifts in intestinal microbiota and improvement of sheep immune response to resist Salmonella infection using Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression

Frontiers in Microbiology (2023)

Xue-Ling Xu Yue Zhao Mingming Chen Yan Li Yao Li

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) identifies Gram-negative bacteria or their products and plays a crucial role in host defense against invading pathogens. In the intestine, TLR4 recognizes bacterial ligands and interacts with the immune system. Although TLR4 signaling is a vital component of the innate immune system, the influence of TLR4 overexpression on innate immune response and its impact on the composition of the intestinal microbiota is unknown.Here, we obtained macrophages from sheep peripheral blood to examine phagocytosis and clearance of Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in macrophages. Meanwhile, we characterized the complex microbiota inhabiting the stools of TLR4 transgenic (TG) sheep and wild-type (WT) sheep using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) deep sequencing.The results showed that TLR4 overexpression promoted the secretion of more early cytokines by activating downstream signaling pathways after stimulation by S. Typhimurium. Furthermore, diversity analysis demonstrated TLR4 overexpression increased microbial community diversity and regulated the composition of intestinal microbiota. More importantly, TLR4 overexpression adjusted the gut microbiota composition and maintained intestinal health by reducing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and inflammation and oxidative stress-producing bacteria (Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae) and upregulating the abundance of Bacteroidetes population and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including Prevotellaceae. These dominant bacterial genera changed by TLR4 overexpression revealed a close correlation with the metabolic pathways of TG sheep.Taken together, our findings suggested that TLR4 overexpression can counteract S. Typhimurium invasion as well as resist intestinal inflammation in sheep by regulating intestinal microbiota composition and enhancing anti-inflammatory metabolites.

10.3389/fmicb.2023.1075164

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Citations (4)

Methyl [(3,4,5-tribromo-1H-pyrrolyl-2-carbonyl)amino]acetate 0.25-hydrate

Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online (2007)

Xiang-Chao Zeng Xue-Ling Xu Ling Xin Jing Zeng Xia Li

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C8H7Br3N2O3·0.25H2O, consists of two organic molecules, one water O atom and an attached H atom; the water O atom lies on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis. Intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen-bond interactions link molecules of the organic compound (the acetate), forming dimers. These dimers are linked by O(W)—H(W)⋯O and N—H⋯O(W) hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network.

Hydrogen atom

10.1107/s1600536807019289

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Oestrogenic Endocrine Disruptors in the Placenta and the Fetus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2020)

Zi-Run Tang Xue-Ling Xu Shoulong Deng Zhengxing Lian Kun Yu

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that interfere with the stability and regulation of the endocrine system of the body or its offspring. These substances are generally stable in chemical properties, not easy to be biodegraded, and can be enriched in organisms. In the past half century, EDCs have gradually entered the food chain, and these substances have been frequently found in maternal blood. Perinatal maternal hormone levels are unstable and vulnerable to EDCs. Some EDCs can affect embryonic development through the blood-fetal barrier and cause damage to the neuroendocrine system, liver function, and genital development. Some also effect cross-generational inheritance through epigenetic mechanisms. This article mainly elaborates the mechanism and detection methods of estrogenic endocrine disruptors, such as bisphenol A (BPA), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), diethylstilbestrol (DES) and phthalates (PAEs), and their effects on placenta and fetal health in order to raise concerns about the proper use of products containing EDCs during pregnancy and provide a reference for human health.

Endocrine disruptor

Reproductive system

10.3390/ijms21041519

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Citations (150)

CCDC 648076: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database (2007)

Xiang-Chao Zeng Xue-Ling Xu Xin Ling Jing Zeng Xia Li

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

10.5517/ccprcpg

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Author response: A MSTNDel273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep by CRISPR/Cas9 promotes skeletal muscle myofiber hyperplasia

Mingming Chen Yue Zhao Xue-Ling Xu Xiaosheng Zhang Jinlong Zhang

Mutations in the well-known Myostatin (MSTN) produce a "double-muscle" phenotype, which makes it commercially invaluable for improving livestock meat production and providing high-quality protein for humans. However, mutations at different loci of the MSTN often produce a variety of different phenotypes. In the current study, we increased the delivery ratio of Cas9 mRNA to sgRNA from the traditional 1:2 to 1:10, which improves the efficiency of the homozygous mutation of biallelic gene. Here, a MSTNDel273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep, in which the MSTN and FGF5 dual-gene biallelic homozygous mutations were produced via the deletion of 3-base pairs of AGC in the third exon of MSTN, resulting in cysteine-depleted at amino acid position 273, and the FGF5 double allele mutation led to inactivation of FGF5 gene. The MSTNDel273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep highlights a dominant "double-muscle" phenotype, which can be stably inherited. Both F0 and F1 generation mutants highlight the excellent trait of high-yield meat with a smaller cross-sectional area and higher number of muscle fibers per unit area. Mechanistically, the MSTNDel273C mutation with FGF5 knockout mediated the activation of FOSL1 via the MEK-ERK-FOSL1 axis. The activated FOSL1 promotes skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and inhibits myogenic differentiation by inhibiting the expression of MyoD1, and resulting in smaller myotubes. In addition, activated ERK1/2 may inhibit the secondary fusion of myotubes by Ca2+-dependent CaMKII activation pathway, leading to myoblasts fusion to form smaller myotubes.

Myostatin

10.7554/elife.86827.2.sa0

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Citations (0)

Estrogen Receptors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Cells (2021)

Xue-Ling Xu Shoulong Deng Zheng-Xing Lian Kun Yu

Female infertility is mainly caused by ovulation disorders, which affect female reproduction and pregnancy worldwide, with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) being the most prevalent of these. PCOS is a frequent endocrine disease that is associated with abnormal function of the female sex hormone estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs). Estrogens mediate genomic effects through ERα and ERβ in target tissues. The G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has recently been described as mediating the non-genomic signaling of estrogen. Changes in estrogen receptor signaling pathways affect cellular activities, such as ovulation; cell cycle phase; and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Over the years, some selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have made substantial strides in clinical applications for subfertility with PCOS, such as tamoxifen and clomiphene, however the role of ER in PCOS still needs to be understood. This article focuses on the recent progress in PCOS caused by the abnormal expression of estrogen and ERs in the ovaries and uterus, and the clinical application of related targeted small-molecule drugs.

GPER

Estrogen receptor alpha

10.3390/cells10020459

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Citations (62)

A MSTNDel273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep by CRISPR/Cas9 promotes skeletal muscle myofiber hyperplasia via MEK-ERK-FOSL1 axis

Mingming Chen Yue Zhao Xue-Ling Xu Xiaosheng Zhang Jinlong Zhang

Mutations in the well-known Myostatin ( MSTN ) produce a “double-muscle” phenotype, which makes it commercially invaluable for improving livestock meat production and providing high-quality protein for humans. However, mutations at different loci of the MSTN often produce a variety of different phenotypes. In the current study, we increased the delivery ratio of Cas9 mRNA to sgRNA from the traditional 1:2 to 1:10, which improves the efficiency of the homozygous mutation of biallelic gene. Here, a MSTN Del273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep, in which the MSTN and FGF5 dual-gene biallelic homozygous mutations were produced via the deletion of 3-base pairs of AGC in the third exon of MSTN , resulting in cysteine-depleted at amino acid position 273, and the FGF5 double allele mutation led to inactivation of FGF5 gene. The MSTN Del273C mutation with FGF5 knockout sheep highlights a dominant “double-muscle” phenotype, which can be stably inherited. Both F0 and F1 generation mutants highlight the excellent trait of high-yield meat with a smaller cross-sectional area and higher number of muscle fibers per unit area. Mechanistically, the MSTN Del273C mutation with FGF5 knockout mediated the activation of FOSL1 via the MEK-ERK-FOSL1 axis. The activated FOSL1 promotes skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and inhibits myogenic differentiation by inhibiting the transcription of MyoD1, and resulting in smaller myotubes.

Myostatin

10.7554/elife.86827.1

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Citations (1)