A woman in her mid 40s was admitted with abdominal pain and weight loss for the last 6 months. The CT scan revealed a 13 cm mass with prominent solid components in the left ovary, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, and peritoneal carcinomatosis. No distant organ metastases were reported. The value
This case-control study was conducted to assess whether neopterin (NP) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) can be used as markers in the condition of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work which has studied the association between AMH, NP and RPL. A total of 110 patients were included; 53 women who had at least two consecutive unexplained miscarriages (<12 weeks) made up the study group. The control group was established from 57 women who never had a miscarriage and had at least one healthy birth history. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient to analyse the AMH and NP concentrations. The results suggested that mean level of AMH (1.38 ± 0.683 ng/ml) in the patient's group was significantly lower than the control group (1.84 ± 0.718 ng/ml). The mean levels of NP were significantly higher in the patient group (1.69 ± 0.486 vs. 1.38 ± 0.431 ng/ml).IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known about this subject? To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies about the association among AMH, NP and RPL were found in the literature.What do the results of this study add? This pioneer study demonstrates the significant relationship between the unexplained RPL with the increased levels of NP and decreased AMH.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? NP and AMH may play an effective role in illuminating the condition of unexplained RPL. High levels of NP and low values of AMH in patients with RPL can be used as predictive markers for this clinical situation. If the causes of high levels of NP and low levels of AMH can be better illuminated, new treatments towards these causes can be developed to help such patients become childbearing.
Background: Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) during immunosuppressive drug therapy (ISDT) is a growing concern; however, prospective long-term follow-up studies are rare. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed two groups of patients showing hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) positivity/HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) negativity among 181 patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy and 141 patients receiving antineoplastic therapy in our tertiary care center. We also analyzed the associated factors and determined the necessity of prophylactic antiviral treatment. Findings: The mean follow-up time was 17.7 months. We did not detect any cases of HBVr, even among patients receiving rituximab, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and antineoplastic therapy or in patients with only hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positivity. Furthermore, we did not find an association between anti-HBs changes and HBVr, although a role for anti-HBs in reactivation has previously been suggested. To examine the association between anti-HBs titers and HBVr, anti-HBs ( ) patients were divided into three subgroups: (i) anti-HBs>1000 mIU/mL (group A), (ii) anti-HBs between 100 and 1,000 mIU/mL (group B) and (iii) anti-HBs between 0 and 100 mIU/mL (group C). A subgroup analysis showed that during the study period, the antibody levels did not change in group A, changed nonsignificantly in group B (p=0.27) and significantly declined in group C (p=0.003). Interpretation: The risk of reactivation of HBV infection by immunosuppressive and antineoplastic therapy is lower than that suspected in published anecdotal reports. Funding: None Declarations of Interest: None Ethics Approval Statement: This study was performed in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Practice, the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and national laws. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee.
Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS), grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinomas (G3 EAC) and type two adenocarcinomas (Type2 EAC) are considered as high-grade endometrial adonocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathologic features and survival of patients with UCS, G3 EAC, Type 2 EAC.
Methodology
A total of 235 patients were included in this study. Of them, 62 cases had uterine HGEAC (group 1), 93 cases had Type2 EAC (group 2), and 80 had UCS (group 3). The groups were compared in terms of clinical and pathological characteristics including age, initial symptom, surgical approach, stage, myometrial invasion (MI), lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), lymph node invasion, adjuvant therapy, and survival. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the survival outcomes.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences among the groups with regard to age, nulliparity, menopausal status, and the main initial symptom. Omentectomy was performed significantly more in group 2, but the rate of optimal cytoreduction was similar among the groups. All groups were similar in terms of stage, depth of myometrial invasion, LVSI and lymph node metastasis. Chemotherapy was the main adjuvant therapy for UCS and Type2 EAC while radiotherapy was the main adjuvant therapy for G3 EAC. There were no differences among the groups in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) (p=0.941) and overall survival (OS) (p=0.504).
Conclusion
Although the survival difference among the groups can not be revealed, these patients have different clinical and pathological features and they should be considered as different groups.
Imperforate hymen is the most common obstructive anomaly of the female genital tract. Conventional surgical treatment for this condition is the cruciate incision made on the hymen. The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel technique that preserves virginity after hymenotomy using electrocautery.Patients diagnosed with imperforate hymen and treated with annular hymenotomy between 2009 and 2013 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Annular incision was done using electrocautery on the hymen whilst sparing the intact hymenal tissue circumferentially at least 5 mm from the base.Fifteen patients were included in the study. Mean age of patients was 14.2 ± 2.2 years. The median operation time was 5 min (3-9 min). No complications occurred. During the follow-up examinations, none of the patients had hymenal closure and all had regular menstrual bleeding.This novel technique showed complete success without any observed complication. This technique might be a good alternative for patients seeking to preserve virginity after surgery.
Uncertainty concerning the treatment of Stage IB2-IIA (bulky) cervical cancer is still continuing. In this study, an analysis of Stage IB2-IIA (bulky) cervical cancer was performed. The efficacy of primary radical surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by a radical surgery was investigated.Medical data of 50 patients who were diagnosed with Stage 1B2-IIA (bulky) cervical cancer and treated between 2002-2009 were retrospectively assessed. In the radical surgery group, radical hysterectomy + bilateral pelvic + para-aortic lymphadenectomy were performed. In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, a combination of cisplatin/topotecan or paclitaxel/carboplatin was given to the patients and then radical surgery was performed. Each group was evaluated individually. Prognostic factors were determined and survival rates were compared between the groups. Ap value was taken < 0.05 for the statistical significance level for all results.Radical surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 21 and primary radical surgery in 29 patients. Median follow-up time was 36.0 +/- 14.0 months. Average of the tumor size before treatment was 50.2 +/- 7.6 mm. In the radical surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and tumor size (before and after treatment) were determined to be significant factors for each of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). On multivariate analysis, tumor size (before treatment) was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both of DFS (p = 0.006) and OS (p = 0.010). No significant difference in survival periods was observed among the groups.There was no significant superiority among the two treatment options. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to compare the multimodal approaches in these stages of cervical cancer.