Arif Hussain Bhat

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

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Uzma Fayaz

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Zahoor Ahmad

Barrow Neurological Institute

Rayees A Ahanger

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Nisar Ahmad Khan

University of Kashmir

Hilal A. Bhat

University of Kashmir

Eajaz Ahmad Dar

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Khurshid Ahmad

Ocean University of China

Nisar Ahmad Dar

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu

F. A. Mohiddin

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Mudasir Bhat

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Cooperative Institutions

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

University of Kashmir

Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences

Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu

Taif University

Government Medical College

Kafrelsheikh University

Punjab Agricultural University

King Saud University

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Management of leek diseases in Kashmir valley

Vegetable Science (2017)

Mir G. Hassan Mudasir Ahmad Bhat Ali Anwar V.K. Ambardar Arif Hussain Bhat

Leek is grown commercially in limited areas in the Kashmir valley. Interest in commercial leek production in Kashmir has increased in recent years because of increased markets. Purple Leaf Blotch caused by Alternaria porri is an important disease of Allium spp. worldwide, especially in warm and humid environments, causing up to 60% damage on garlic in India (Bisht and Agrawal 1993) and 59% losses in onion bulb yield. Early symptoms appear on the older leaves as white flecks and under suitable environmental conditions the white flecks expand and produce sunken purple lesions that are often elliptical with a yellow to pale-brown border. The symptoms of Purple Leaf Blotch are frequently indistinguishable from those of stemphylium leaf blight caused by Stemphylium vesicarium; stemphylium leaf blight is characterized by elongated spindle-like lesions on leaves, initially small and white, which later become sunken with a purple colour surrounded by a whitish margin. It was first recorded on garlic in India (Rao and Pavgi 1975). It has been reported on garlic in the South Africa (Aveling 1993), and Brazil (Boiteux et al. 1994)

10.61180/ppyb2353

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Resistant resources and transmission of bacterial blight of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry (2017)

Hilal A. Bhat Khurshid Ahmad Rayees A Ahanger Sajad H Wani Arif Hussain Bhat

The present investigations regarding the identification of resistance resources of bacterial blight in common bean were conducted in the SKUAST-K during 2009 to 2010. Study showed that the infected seeds harbour the pathogen beyond the next sowing season. The viability of pathogen on infected seeds decreased with time. Out of forty one bean genotypes screened against the pathogen under conditions of artificial inoculation, 2 were categorised as resistant, 2 as moderately resistant, 21 as moderately susceptible, whereas 13 genotypes were found susceptible and only three genotypes were highly susceptible.

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Commercial Biocontrol Agents and Their Mechanism of Action in the Management of Plant Pathogens

Jan Mohd Junaid Nisar Ahmad Dar Tariq Ahmad Bhat Arif Hussain Bhat

Plant diseases are among the main constraints affecting the production and productivity of crops both in terms of quality and quantity. Use of chemicals continues to be the major tactic to mitigate the menace of crop diseases. However, because of the environmental concerns, health conscious attitude of human beings and other hazards associated with the use of chemicals, use of bio agents to suppress the disease causing activity of plant pathogens is gaining importance. The purposeful utilization of living organisms whether introduced or indigenous, other than the disease resistant host plants, to suppress the activities or populations of one or more plant pathogens is referred to as bio control. Biological control involves the use of beneficial organisms, their genes, and/or products, such as metabolites, that reduce the negative effects of plant pathogens and promote positive responses by the plant. In this direction, a number of commercial products have been registered both at national and inter-national levels based on different fungal and bacterial antagonists. These commercial products include, Biocon, Biogaurd, Ecofit, F- Stop, Soilgaurd etc with Tricoderma sp. as active ingredient, and Mycostop, Rhizoplus Subilex etc utilizing various Bacillus species as active ingredient. Biological control can achieve the objective of disease suppression through a number of ways such as antibiosis,

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Citations (148)

Enhanced Biosynthesis Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) for their Antifungal Activity Toxicity against Major Phyto-Pathogens of Apple Orchards

Pharmaceutical Research (2020)

Hilal Ahmad Venugopal Krishnan Arif Hussain Bhat K. Kavitha Arunachalam Ramanan

Azadirachta

Distilled water

Sterilization

10.1007/s11095-020-02966-x

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Citations (67)

Cost-effective saffron production system module for corm weight and planting density

Journal of Innovative Agriculture (2023)

Bashir Ahmad Alie Mudasir Hafiz Khan Niyaz A. Dar Ghulam Hassan Mir Sher A. Dar

Production of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is expanding in both the traditional and non-native areas of Jammu and Kashmir, India. A study was carried out to develop a cost-effective production system module at ARSSSS, SKUAST-Kashmir, Pampore to determine suitable corm weight and planting density for saffron. The treatments in the current study includes 3 levels of corm weight (W1= < 8g, W2= 8-12g and W3 = >12g) and 5 levels of corm densities viz., 15 lakh corm density/ha, 12 lakh corm density/ha, 10 lakh corm density/ha, 05 lakh corm density/ha and 03 lakh density/ha (farmers practice). Economically, saffron corms were sown in ditches plant geometry to accommodate 04 saffron corms, irrespective of densities. The observations were recorded on percentage of plant emergence, number of flowers per unit area, rod length, stigma length, fresh weight and dry weight of flower, stigma fresh and dry weight, total stigma yield, corm multiplication ratio, the onset of the flowering and flowering period. The results showed that all the factors mentioned above other than rod length and stigma quality were significantly affected by corm weight and planting density. Corms with higher weight started flowering earlier and their flowering time was longer than other treatments. Four years of evaluation of the experiment confirms marked superiority in yield by planting corms weighing >7g with a plant population of 12 lakh corms/ha on a raised bed for a duration of 4 years.

Corm

Lakh

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10.37446/jinagri/rsa/10.2.2023.36-47

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Sustainable Fruit Growing: An Analysis of Differences in Apple Productivity in the Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir

Sustainability (2022)

Zahoor Ahmad Mushtaq Ahmad Dar Eajaz Ahmad Dar Chukwujekwu A. Obianefo Arif Hussain Bhat

Apple is considered as an important fruit crop in temperate regions of the world including India. It is one of the major fruit crops, with a considerable area under cultivation throughout the world and a large associated population. Despite this, the productivity of this important fruit is not up to the expected standard. To gain a practical understanding of the low productivity of apple fruit and its probable causes, a study was undertaken to analyze productivity differentials and their determinants to enable sustainable cultivation. A multistage sampling procedure was adopted to select districts, horticultural zones, and villages, and data were collected from randomly selected apple growers (300). The collected data were empirically analyzed with simple descriptive statistics, logistic regression, polynomial plots, and inferential statistics such as t-tests. The results indicated that apple yields followed a sigmoidal pattern, with the average yield per hectare for the current season as 9.43 t/ha, which depends on experience, education, annual income, and the adoption rate of apple growers. This yield average was significantly lower than the yield of the previous season at a probability level of 1%. To determine the root cause of low productivity, different constraints were studied, creating yield disparities in different quarters; hence, their percentage and value contributions (socioeconomic 11.1%, credit 4.2%, pests and diseases 0.05%, technology 0.9%, extension 2.0%, and market 3.5%) were also established in the study. The study will be of great interest to the relevant authorities in the study area, and the areas globally having similar congenial agro-climatic conditions, who are seeking to address the issues raised in this study through sustainable policy decisions. The different constraints that were the fundamental reasons for low productivity and that prevented the apple growers from adopting innovative techniques/improved practices to increase their yields need to be addressed as a matter of urgency.

Hectare

10.3390/su142114544

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Combination of Strobilurin and Triazole Chemicals for the Management of Blast Disease in Mushk Budji -Aromatic Rice

Journal of Fungi (2021)

F. A. Mohiddin Nazir Ahmad Bhat Shabir Hussain Wani Arif Hussain Bhat Mohammad Ashraf Ahanger

Rice blast is considered one of the most important fungal diseases of rice. Although diseases can be managed by using resistant cultivars, the blast pathogen has successfully overcome the single gene resistance in a short period and rendered several varieties susceptible to blast which were otherwise intended to be resistant. As such, chemical control is still the most efficient method of disease control for reducing the losses caused due to diseases. Field experiments were conducted over two successive years, 2018 and 2019, in temperate rice growing areas in northern India. All the fungicides effectively reduced leaf blast incidence and intensity, and neck blast incidence under field conditions. Tricyclazole proved most effective against rice blast and recorded a leaf blast incidence of only 8.41%. Among the combinations of fungicides, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole were highly effective, recording a leaf blast incidence of 9.19 and 10.40%, respectively. The chemical combination mancozeb + carbendazim proved less effective in controlling the blast and it recorded a disease incidence of 27.61%. A similar trend was followed in neck blast incidence with tricyclazole, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole, and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole showing the highest levels of blast reductions. It is evident from the current study that the tested fungicide combinations can be used as alternatives to tricyclazole which is facing the challenges of fungicide resistance development and other environmental concerns and has been banned from use in India and other countries. The manuscript may provide a guideline of fungicide application to farmers cultivating susceptible varieties of rice.

Strobilurin

Tebuconazole

10.3390/jof7121060

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Citations (21)

Cost-effective saffron production system module for corm weight and planting density

Journal of Innovative Agriculture (2023)

Bashir Ahmad Alie Mudasir Hafiz Khan Niyaz A. Dar Ghulam Hassan Mir Sher A. Dar

Corm

Lakh

Dry weight

10.37446/jinagri/rsa/10.2.2023.36-46

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MORPHOLOGY AND STATUS OF OCCURRENCE OF ANTHRACNOSE OF BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) CAUSED BY COLLETOTRICHUM LINDEMUTHIANUM (SACC. AND MAGN.) SCRIB. IN KASHMIR VALLEY

The Bioscan (2014)

Jan Mohd Junaid T. A. Shah Arif Hussain Bhat Nazir Ahmad Bhat Nisar Ahmad Dar

Survey of important bean growing areas of Kashmir Valley was carried out to assess the disease incidence and intensity of anthracnose of beans. The disease was prevalent in all the potential bean growing pockets of the valley surveyed during the course of survey. The incidence ranged from 23.51% to 82.14% with disease intensity ranging from 8.75 to 33.38%. Highest disease incidence (34.81% and 51.11%) and intensity (13.73 and 21.91%) on leaves and pods was recorded in district Anantnag, with least in district Shopian (24.80% and 28.99%; 9.66% and 11.93%). The pathogen associated with the disease was isolated and identified as Colletotrichum lindemuthianum(Sacc and Magn.) Scrib. Morphological studies of the fungus revealed that conidia are hyaline, single celled dumbbell shaped born in acervuli bearing setae. The dimensions of the conidia on culture and host varied from 9.5-11.5 x 3.5-4.5(10.5x 4) and 12-22.0 x 4-6 (17.25 x 4.25), respectively. The fungus produces acervuli with its dimensions ranging from 140-320 (204.14) and 175- 285 (270) on culture and host respectively. It was also observed that the acervulibearing characteristic appendages on its surfaces that measure 64-108 x 24 (84.22 x 3) and 60- 120 x 5-6 (90 x 5.55)on culture and host respectively.

Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

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Morphological, pathogenic and genetic diversity in Diplodia seriata associated with black rot canker of apple in India

Scientific Reports (2023)

Arif Hussain Bhat Mehraj D. Shah Bilal A. Padder Zahoor Ahmad Eajaz Ahmad Dar

Abstract Apple cankers are extremely destructive diseases threatening the global apple industry through direct and indirect losses. The population structure of the pathogens is of paramount significance for the development of efficient management strategies. Therefore, phenotypic, pathogenic, and genetic diversity of Diplodia seriata causing black rot canker of apple was investigated in this study. All the isolates were included for investigating the in vitro mycelial growth, conidial dimensions, and pathogenic variability on two-year-old potted apple seedlings. The ISSR approach was used to investigate the molecular diversity of D. seriata . Mycelial growth rates were found to vary significantly amongst the isolates; however, there were no major variations seen between the different geographical groupings of isolates. Pathogenicity tests revealed variations in the size of cankers among the isolates indicating the presence of virulence variability. The isolates were segregated into three virulence groups based on canker length. The Bayesian analyses of ISSR data divided the isolates into two genetic clusters. The genetic clustering of the isolates revealed no relationship with geographical origin of the isolates. Furthermore, no direct relationship of genetic clustering was observed with morphological or pathogenic variability. The ISSR primers revealed very high level of variability in D. seriata ; however, no distinct populations of the pathogen existed which is an indication of high level of gene flow between the diverse geographical populations. According to our knowledge, this is the first thorough investigation on the diversity of D. seriata associated with apple black rot canker in India.

Canker

10.1038/s41598-023-42534-y

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Citations (7)