NoC (Network on Chip), as a promising interconnection infrastructure for MPSoC (Multi-Processor System-on-Chip), has been the research focus since its invention.Accurate traffic models are necessary to deplore the vast design space of NoC.In this paper, we survey the researching works on the traffic modeling of NoC by referring and comparing to the development pattern of the traffic models in packet-switched computer networks, and try to figure out the direction of the next step.
The desire to improve engraftment following transplantation of limited numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has spurred the investigation of ex vivo stem cell expansion techniques. While surrogate outcomes, such as an increase in SCID-repopulating cells, suggest successful stem cell expansion in some studies, it is not clear that such assays predict outcomes using a more clinically relevant approach (e.g., myeloablation). We have addressed this by testing three cytokine combinations for their ability to increase the radioprotective and long-term marrow reconstitution capacity of hematopoietic cells cultured ex vivo. Low numbers of light-density (LD) mouse bone marrow (BM) cells or their expanded product were injected into lethally irradiated (9 Gy) congenic recipients. Survival rates and percent donor engraftment were compared at 2, 5, and 7 months post-transplant. The three cytokine combinations used were: (i) kit-ligand (L), thrombopoietin (Tpo), Flt-3 L; (ii) cytokines in (i) plus interleukin-11 (IL-11); (iii) cytokines in (ii) plus IL-3. At 7 months post-transplant, LD cell doses of 104, 2–2.5 × 104, and 0.5–1.0 × 105 gave predictable survivals of 20–30%, 40–70%, and 100%, respectively. Mean percent donor engraftments were 54.9% (SEM 36%), 55.7% (SEM 36%), and 76.3% (SEM 21%), respectively. When cells expanded for 3 or 5–7 days with the various cytokine combinations were transplanted into different groups of mice, survival rates and percent donor engraftment were almost uniformly poorer than results obtained with unmanipulated cells, and cells expanded for 5–7 days led to poorer outcomes than cells expanded for 3 days. Overall, ex vivo expansion of LD BM cells with the cytokine combinations chosen failed to improve transplant outcomes in this model.
Aiming at a series of problems such as waste of electricity resources, unsafe home environment, and high operating cost of hardware equipment in the traditional home scenario, a smart home system based on the OneNet platform was designed. The system uses CC2530 single-chip microcomputer as the main controller for basic household data processing and command control and utilizes the ESP8266 transmission module for data transmission. OneNet cloud platform analyzes household data uniformly and issues remote control commands. Early warning processing of the data. The test results show that the system effectively solves some problems existing in traditional home equipment, improves the overall operating efficiency of smart home equipment, and has broad application prospects.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the region of south Asia are now receiving serious concern because the climate in tropics makes POPs easier to disperse and transport to other regions of the world. Wuzhishan area is located in the center of Hainan Island with tropical monsoon climate. But little is known about the concentrations and distributions of POPs in aquatic environment of this area. In this paper the concentrations of HCHs,DDTs and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in waters and surface sediments at 11 sites in Wuzhishan area were determined by the method of GC-ECD. The distributions of HCHs,DDTs and PCBs in this area were therefore obtained. Distributions of HCHs and DDTs components indicate that HCHs and DDTs in aquatic environment of Wuzhishan may be derived from the aged and weathered agricultural soils,though new inputs of DDTs at a few sites still exist. And since the local industrial pollutions are few,PCBs in this area may be probably brought into through long-distance transportation of atmosphere from other regions. Although the concentrations of PCBs are higher than those of HCHs and DDTs in water and surface sediments,the ecological risk is still low based on the comparison of ERL and ERM value. Compared with the corresponding results in other areas throughout the world,the concentrations of persistent organochlorine pollutants in Wuzhishan area are much lower and the risk is low in general. However,new input of pollutants especially DDTs still needs to be monitored and controlled.
Objective
To investigate the effect of age on the association between normal thyroid hormone level and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods
A total of 1163 euthyroid patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) from January 2013 to June 2014 were enrolled and categorized into 2 groups: the young and middle-aged group (<60 years, n=602) and the elderly group (≥60 years, n=561), and each group was sub-grouped into the CAD and non-CAD group according to CAG. Height, body weight, and levels of serum lipid, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured.
Results
In the youth and middle-aged group, 309 patients (51.3%) were diagnosed as CAD, and there was no significant difference in the levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH between CAD and non-CAD patients 〔(5.3±0.6)mmol/L vs. (5.3±0.5)mmol/L, (11.8±1.9)mmol/L vs. (11.8±1.8) mmol/L, (2.0±1.1) mIU/L vs. (2.0±1.0)mIU/L, all P>0.05〕. In the elderly group, 357 patients (63.6%) were diagnosed as CAD, and the FT3 level was lower in the CAD patients than in the non-CAD patients〔(5.1±0.6)mmol/L vs. (5.2±0.5)mmol/L, P<0.01〕. Logistic regression demonstrated that FT3 was an independent influencing factor for CAD in elderly patients (OR=0.564, P<0.01).
Conclusions
The association between normal thyroid hormones levels and CAD varies along with age. Thyroid hormones have no relationships with CAD in the young and middle-aged people. The decline of FT3 level may increase the risk of CAD in the elderly.
Key words:
Thyroid hormones; Coronary disease; Age factor
Objective:Analysis of proteins expressed differentially between neurogenic shock death group and normal control group by comparative proteomics analysis Methods To establish neurogenic shock death model by hitting on the carotid sinus in rabbits.To extract proteins from the left ventricle of death group and normal control group.After 2 - dimensional eleetrophoresis and PDQuest for gel image analysis,the MS/MS of the peptides from the referential proteins digested by tripsin were analyzed by HPLC - Chip/MS and the original data were pre - processed by Spectrum Mill then searched in UniProtKB/SWISS - PORT database. Results 5 proteins upregulated significantly in established neurogenic shock death group were identified,including keratin 10,alpha - 2B adrenergic receptor, superoxide dismutase,mitochondrial precursor,zinc finger protein - 569,hsc70 - interacting protein,and as well as 2 proteins downregulated significantly including:annexinⅩⅢb,tissue factor pathway inhibitor precursor.Conclusion The proteins expression have changed in neurogenic shock death group.The proteins which wereidentified are latent biomarkers and can offer possible diagnosticate datas of neurogenic shockdeath.
Objective
To classify the high-resolution CT (HRCT) phenotypes of COPD, and to investigate the clinical characteristics of various phenotypes and the relationship with airway inflammation.
Methods
Chest HRCT and pulmonary function tests were performed in 84 COPD patients. The patients were classified into 3 phenotypes according to the visual HRCT findings. Exhaled breath condensate was gathered from 30 patients and the interleukin (IL)-6 level was measured by ELISA.
Results
The COPD patients were classified into 3 phenotypes: Phenotype A, absence of emphysema, with or without bronchial wall thickening (n=34); Phenotype E, emphysema without bronchial wall thickening (n=23); and Phenotype M, emphysema with bronchial wall thickening (n=27). The 3 phenotypes of COPD showed different characteristics in several aspects. Patients with phenotype A showed a higher body mass index [(25.1±4.4) kg/m2vs phenotype E (22.5±4.1) kg/m2 and phenotype M (21.3±3.4) kg/m2,F=6.732, P<0.01]. The prevalence of patients with milder dyspnea was lower in phenotype A compared with others (15/34) vs phenotype E (2/23) and phenotype M (6/27), χ2 =9.097, P<0.05. The patients who complained of severe expectoration in phenotype E were fewer than those in other groups (0/23) vs phenotype A (2/34) and phenotype M (4/27), χ2=8.702, P<0.05. The FEV1/FVC and FEV1% in phenotype M [(53±14)% and (51±25)%] were significantly lower as compared with those in other phenotypes [ (67±11)% and (72±24)% in phenotype A, and (53±14)% and (52±26)% in phenotype E], F=10.252, F=6.508, P<0.01. The ratio of inspiratory capacity to total lung capacity (IC/TLC) in phenotype A was higher [phenotype A (41±17)%, phenotype E (33±13)%, phenotype M (28±13)%, F=5.964, P<0.01], while the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) was lower [phenotype A (37±9)%, phenotype E (44±10)%, phenotype M (45±8)%, F=6.954, P<0.01]. Patients with different phenotypes showed various levels of IL-6 in exhaled breath condensate [phenotype A (19.9±6.3) ng/L, phenotype E (16.7±2.1) ng/L, phenotype M (25.6±4.4) ng/L, F=7.749, P<0.01].
Conclusion
Various morphological phenotypes of COPD based on HRCT showed different clinical characteristics and airway inflammation.
Key words:
Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Tomography, X-ray computed; Respiratory function tests; Interleukin-6
In order to explore the composition and source characteristics of non-polar organic compounds (NPOCs) in atmospheric fine particulate matter in the Yangtze River Delta region, 129 PM2.5 samples were collected at the Regional Atmospheric background station in Lin'an from December 2019 to November 2020. Including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), n-alkanes, and hopanes, the main sources of organic aerosols were investigated using molecular tracers, eigen ratios, and orthogonal matrix factorization models. The results showed that the average annual mass concentration of PM2.5 in Lin'an was approximately (32.36±20.44) μg·m-3, and the average annual mass concentration of NPOCs was approximately (59.05±40.39) ng·m-3, showing the seasonal characteristics of being high in winter and low in summer. n-alkanes mainly came from fossil fuels and biomass (grass, wood, etc.) burning, followed by cuticle wax emission from higher plants. PAHs mainly came from the mixed contribution of non-fossil sources such as coal burning motor vehicle emissions and biomass combustion. Hopanes were mainly derived from motor vehicle emissions, which were also affected by coal burning in winter. Backward trajectory cluster analysis and potential source analysis showed that Lin'an was mainly affected by external air mass transport. Combined with the orthogonal matrix-factor decomposition model, NPOCs observed during the sampling period were analyzed, and non-fossil sources such as coal burning sources, transportation emission sources, and biomass combustion were obtained. In winter, transportation sources were the main source, accounting for 59%. In spring and summer, coal burning was the main source, accounting for 58% and 57%, respectively. In autumn, biomass combustion and other non-fossil sources dominated, accounting for 64%.
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