A commercially available enzyme immunoassay developed to detect antibodies to a tuberculosis-associated glycolipid antigen was evaluated for serologic diagnosis of tuberculosis. This was a multicenter study comparing the assay with other methods in 78 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and in 54 controls with non-tuberculous lung diseases. Sensitivities were highest for sputum culture (91.0%), followed by immunoassay (79.5%), nucleic acid amplification (77.3%), and finally acid-fast staining of sputum smear (60.3%). Immunoassay and amplification, both rapid methods, had similarly high sensitivity in smear-positive subjects (89.4 and 88.9%, respectively); in smear-negative subjects these two techniques showed low sensitivity (64.5 and 60.0%, respectively). Concordance between the two methods was relatively low (72.0%). With regard to specificity, seven out of ten patients with old tuberculosis had positive result by immunoassay (30% specificity). In the control group, 10 out of 54 patients had positive immunoassay result (72.2% specificity), with notably limited specificity in the elderly. The tuberculous glycolipid assay is a rapid method sufficiently sensitive for detection of tuberculosis infection, even in smear-negative patients.

Concordance

10.1515/cclm.2002.144

Cite

Citations (8)

[Activities of antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 medical institutions during 2000 in Japan].

PubMed (2003)

Keizo Yamaguchi Akira Ohno F Kashitani Morihiro Iwata Makoto Kanda

Enterococcus faecalis

Sulfamethoxazole

Trimethoprim

Source

Cite

Citations (9)

First Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis and Septicemia Caused by <i>Pigmentibacter ruber</i>

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (2024)

Ayumi Niwa Masahiro Hayashi Jun Yonetamari M Nakamura Yuta Yokobori

We herein report the first case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by Pigmentibacter ruber. The isolated strain could not be identified by biochemical characterization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The isolated strain was identified as P. ruber by 16S ribosomal RNA and whole genome sequencing. Although much remains unknown about the pathogenicity of this bacterial specie in humans, it has been revealed to cause life-threatening infections, such as septicemia and necrotizing fasciitis. Since the isolate was highly resistant to beta-lactams, it could be difficult to treat with antimicrobial therapy. Thus further documentation of cases and analyses are needed.

Silver sulfadiazine

10.7883/yoken.jjid.2023.370

Cite

Citations (2)

Intervention in a Pre-pandemic Influenza A Outbreak and Response in the Pharmaceutical Department

Japanese Journal of Infection Prevention and Control (2022)

Tomomi Sano Yukako KUGUMINATO Michi SHOJI Keiichi Koido Hisashi Baba

201X年9月2日,感染制御室宛に薬剤師,看護師1名ずつのA型インフルエンザ発生の報告を受け9月3日より症候群サーベイランスを開始した.調査結果から8月30日に開催された病棟行事を契機に院内でインフルエンザが伝播した可能性が示唆されたため,当該病棟でのマスク着用や手指衛生の徹底を指示すると共に,参加者の体調管理の徹底を呼びかけた.さらに,薬剤部は参加者以外からもインフルエンザ様症状のある職員が複数検出されたことから部内での伝播を疑い環境清拭を強化した.9月4日夜までに職員18名(薬剤師,看護師,栄養士,医師,理学療法士,臨床治験コーディネーター),9月7日迄に入院患者2名のインフルエンザ発症が認められ,病院職員及び入院患者にまで及んだインフルエンザの伝播は病棟行事が関連していると推定した.症候群サーベイランスの結果,薬剤部では関連行事への参加前からインフルエンザ様症状のある職員が複数いたことが判明し,手指衛生の徹底を図るため携帯用手指消毒剤を導入した.また,このようなアウトブレイク発生時の対応について院内のマニュアル改訂を行った.幸い,介入後の9月8日以降は院内で新たなインフルエンザの発生はなく,病棟閉鎖を余儀なくされる様な重大なアウトブレイクに至ることなく収束した.季節性インフルエンザであっても流行期を外れた時期にも院内の流行が発生しうること,院内の流行をできるだけ早期に収束させる為には日常からの環境整備と手指衛生を徹底し,適切な対応を行うための対策マニュアルの整備が重要であると再認識した.

Pandemic

Pandemic influenza

10.4058/jsei.37.190

Cite

Citations (0)

Erhöhtes Ferritin und erniedrigtes Transferrin sind mit schlechterem Outcome bei akutem Leberversagen assoziiert

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie (2016)

Olympia E. Anastasiou Julia Kälsch Mahdi Hakmouni Johannes Korth JP Sowa

Einleitung: Ferritin und Transferrin werden routinemäßig zur Beurteilung der Eisenhomöstase eingesetzt. Zusätzlich wurden sie als Prognoseparameter bei Patienten mit chronischer Hepatitis, Leberzirrhose und akut-auf-chronischem Leberversagen identifiziert.

10.1055/s-0036-1587056

Cite

Citations (0)

Effectiveness of Waterless Presurgical Antisepsis with 1.0 w/v% Chlorhexidine Gluconate-Alcohol-Based Hand Rub^|^#xFF5E;Comparison with Two-Stage Method

Japanese Journal of Infection Prevention and Control (2012)

Ayumi Kumagai Miyuki HEINAI Yuji WADA Hisashi Baba Yoshitsugu Iinuma

手術時手指消毒として，ブラシを用いない1.0 w/v%クロルヘキシジングルコン酸塩(CHG)含有エタノール擦式製剤による手指消毒(ウォーターレス法，WL法)の効果を，4 w/v%CHGスクラブ製剤および0.2 w/v%ベンザルコニウム塩化物(BAC)含有エタノール製剤を使用したツーステージ法(TS法)との比較により評価した．被験者は手術室勤務の看護師10名とし，同一被験者がTS法とWL法を行い比較した．手指菌数は，手指消毒直後と消毒3時間後にグローブジュース法(GJ法)を用いて測定した．ベースラインの菌数と比較して，消毒直後と消毒3時間後の菌数は，TS法とWL法ともに有意に減少した．特にWL法では，3時間後においても持続的な殺菌効果が示された．また，消毒効果を菌数の指数減少値(平均±SD)で比較したところ，消毒直後では差が見られなかったが，消毒3時間後では，TS法の指数減少値は2.01±0.70であったのに対して，WL法では2.99±0.49と有意に優れた結果となった．1%CHG製剤を用いたWL法は，0.2%BAC製剤によるTS法と比較して，より優れた持続殺菌効果が期待できる手術用手指消毒製剤であると考えられた．

Chlorhexidine gluconate

10.4058/jsei.27.375

Cite

Citations (3)

Evaluation of automated ribotyping system for characterization and identification of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated in Japan.

PubMed (2003)

Yuji Ito Yoshitsugu Iinuma Hisashi Baba Yasuteru Sugino Yoshinori Hasegawa

The usefulness of an automated ribotyping system (RiboPrinter) was evaluated for characterizing and identifying clinical isolates of 37 verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) strains and 16 non-VTEC strains. All strains were successfully ribotyped with satisfactory reproducibility and stability and characterized into 10 different ribogroups. All VTEC O157 strains were characterized into a specific ribogroup and correctly typed into the specific DuPont ID for VTEC O157:H7, while all of the non-VTEC O157 strains were clearly distinguished from VTEC O157. VTEC O26 and O111 strains, the most prevalent VTEC serotypes after O157, were also well characterized into specific ribogroups and identified. These results suggest that the RiboPrinter may have an advantage over other typing systems in that it can rapidly and easily discriminate VTEC from non-VTEC strains of the most prevalent VTEC serotypes in Japan, even though it provides a lesser degree of discrimination than pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). With a hierarchical or sequential typing combining the RiboPrinter and PFGE, rapid and accurate typing can be achieved during an outbreak of VTEC, which may be useful in clinical and public health settings.

Verocytotoxin

Ribotyping

Source

Cite

Citations (11)

Association between COVID-19 vaccines and the menstrual cycle in young Japanese women

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy (2023)

Shihoko Kajiwara Naomi Akiyama Hisashi Baba Michio Ohta

Menstruation

10.1016/j.jiac.2023.01.003

Cite

Citations (12)

Clinical impact of a prospective audit with intervention and feedback without carbapenem restriction in patients receiving carbapenem injection

International Journal of Clinical Practice (2018)

Ayasa Fujibayashi Takashi Niwa Syuri Takeichi Keiko Suzuki Hirotoshi Ohta

Antimicrobial stewardship is required to ensure the appropriate use of antimicrobials. However, few reports have shown the impact of antimicrobial stewardship on clinical outcomes.To evaluate the clinical outcomes of implementing a prospective audit with intervention and feedback without carbapenem pre-authorisation, we conducted a single-centre, prospective cohort study in patients who received carbapenem injection. Subjects were allocated to groups receiving antimicrobial agents before (non-intervention group) or after (intervention group) the implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship programme in the clinical setting.The intervention facilitated the rate of choice of effective antimicrobials on day 2 from the onset of infection (from 63.2% to 90.2%; P < 0.001). Moreover, the rates of clinical failure-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.89; P = 0.008) and re-infection-free survival (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.18-0.68; P = 0.002) were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the non-intervention group. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis indicated that non-implementation of antimicrobial stewardship was a significant risk factor for clinical failure in patients receiving carbapenem injection (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.11-2.19; P = 0.010).Our prospective audit with intervention and feedback strategy without carbapenem restriction facilitated the choice of optimal antimicrobials at an early stage of infection and improved clinical outcomes in patients who received carbapenem.

Antimicrobial Stewardship

Carbapenem

10.1111/ijcp.13262

Cite

Citations (7)