This study was carried out to investigate the effects of mulching materials on growth, yield and dehydrogenase activity of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in paddy rain-shelter cultivation. Treatments were given with black and clear film (BC, control), black polyethylene film (Black), biodegradable black film (Bio-deg), and polypropylene (Polypropylene). There is no affection of mulching materials on plant height, main stem length, no. of branches, leaf length, and leaf width. The soil temperature was the lowest at 7 a.m., and the highest at 5 to 6 p.m., and was high in order of BC, Black, Biodeg, and Polypropylene. The Bio-deg resolving begun 60 days after planting (DAP), and that resolved 80% at 120 DAP. There is no statistical difference in fresh and dry fruit weight among the treatments. ASTA value was the highest in Bio-deg as of 44.6. Dehydrogenase activity at 120 DAP was high in order of Bio-deg, polypropylene, Black, and BC. Soil biomass C content was higher 120 DAP than 80 DAP. The incidence or demage degree of Phytophthora blight disease, aphids, mites, thrips and sweet potato whitefly were same tendency among the mulching materials. As a results, there is no statistical difference growth and yield among the different mulching materials of red pepper. Application of Bio-deg in pepper cultivation was environment friendly film with high dehydrogenase activity and biomass C content furthermore saving labors to gather waste plastic. Thus, it is time of active consideration to apply Biodeg in farming, and these our results will contribute related industry.
전류센서는 하이브리드 및 전기자동차의 배터리 충 방전과 모터컨트롤러의 모니터링 시스템에 적용되는 중요한 부품이다. 본 연구에서는 자기코어의 공극에 홀센서를 위치시켜 측정전류에 의해 생성된 자기장을 감지하는 구조를 가진 open loop type의 전류센서를 개발하였다. 코어는 방향성규소강판을 사용하여 제작한 후 공극이 3 mm되게 절단하였다. 공극에서의 자기장 측정을 위하여 GaAs 홀센서를 적용하였다. 개발한 전류센서는 측정범위가 -400~+400 A에서 선형도 0.03 %를 확보하였으며, 온도보상회로를 적용하여 동작온도영역인 $-40{\sim}+105^{\circ}C$에서 전류센서의 온도특성을 향상시켰다. 전류센서의 동특성 향상을 위하여 공기자속를 제어하였다. 주파수대역폭 측정은 $40A{\cdot}turn$, 100 Hz~100 kHz의 사인파형으로 측정하여 100 kHz의 대역폭을 갖는 것으로 평가되었으며, 반응속도는 $40A{\cdot}turn$의 5 kHz 구형파로 측정하여 $2{\mu}s$ 이하의 성능을 갖는 것으로 측정되었다. A current sensor is one of important component which is used for the electrical current measurement during charge and discharge of the battery, and monitoring system of the motor controller in the electric and hybrid vehicle. In this study, we have developed an open loop type current sensor using GaAs Hall sensor and magnetic core has an air gap. The Hall sensor detect magnetic field produced by the current to be measured. The 3 mm air gap core was made by HGO electrical steel sheets after slitting, winding, annealing, molding, and cutting. Developed current sensor shows 0.03 % linearity within DC current range from -400 A to +400 A. Operating temperature range was extended to the range of $-40{\sim}105^{\circ}C$ using temperature compensating electronic circuit. To Improve frequency bandwidth limit due to the air flux of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and Hall sensor, We employed an air flux compensating loop near Hall sensor or on PCB. Frequency bandwidth of the sensor was 100 kHz when we applied sine wave current of $40A{\cdot}turn$ in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz. For the dynamic response time measurement, 5 kHz square wave current of $40A{\cdot}turn$ was applied to the sensor. Response time was calculated time reach to 90 % of saturation value and smaller than $2{\mu}s$.
Four carcass traits, namely carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BF), and marbling score (MS), are the main price decision parameters used for purchasing Hanwoo beef. The development of DNA markers for these carcass traits for use in a beef management system could result in substantial profit for beef producers in Korea. The objective of this study was to validate the association of highly significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in a previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) with the four carcass traits in a commercial Hanwoo population. We genotyped 83 SNPs distributed across all 29 autosomes in 867 steers from a Korean Hanwoo feedlot. Six SNPs, namely ARS-BFGL-NGS-22774 (Chr4, Pos:4889229), ARS-BFGL-NGS-100046 (Chr6, Pos:61917424), ARS-BFGL-NGS-39006 (Chr27, Pos:38059196), ARS-BFGL-NGS-18790 (Chr10, Pos:26489109), ARS-BFGL-NGS-43879 (Chr9, Pos:39964297), and BTB-00775794 (Chr20, Pos:20476265), were found to be associated with CW, EMA, BF, and MS. The ARS-BFGL-NGS-22774, BTB-00775794, and ARS-BFGL-NGS-39006 markers accounted for 1.80%, 1.72%, and 1.35% (p<0.01), respectively, of the phenotypic variance in the commercial Hanwoo population. Many genes located in close proximity to the significant SNPs identified in this study were previously reported to have roles in carcass traits. The results of this study could be useful for marker-assisted selection programs.
Alterations in the focal electroretinogram (FERG) after experimental retinal detachment and spontaneous reattachment in albino rabbits were studied. Retinal detachments of two disc diameters were produced by injecting balanced salt solution into the subretinal space. FERGs were obtained under direct fundus visualization by an infrared television fundus camera with a light stimulator. The pre-operative b-wave amplitude and implicit time were 0.52 ± 0.07 µV and 59.7 ± 3.8 ms (mean ± SD), respectively. Thirty minutes after retinal detachment, the amplitude decreased significantly to 0.05 ± 0.09 µV (p < 0.0001). The next day, we confirmed retinal reattachment ophthalmoscopically and the amplitude recovered to 0.30 ± 0.07 µV Then it gradually increased to 0.54 ± 0.07 µV 7 days after the operation. The implicit time increased significantly to 66.6 ± 4.1 ms 30min after retinal detachment (p < 0.01), was maximal the day after surgery (69.9 ± 4.9 ms), and thereafter shortened. However, the implicit time did not recover completely and was significantly delayed compared with preoperatively even 28 days postoperatively (65.4 ± 3.4 ms, p < 0.01). These data suggest that functional abnormalities persist in the reattached rabbit retina, even following a brief retinal detachment.
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