Methylenedioxyphenyl derivatives and the compounds structurally related to piperonyl butoxide, which has been found to be a potent protectant against ozone injury to plants, were tested for effectiveness against the same injury to tobacco leaves. Five of 90 materials tested, namely 3,4-methylenedioxyphthaldehyde, benzimidazole, safroxane, xanthone and piperonal, showed high protective activity though the effectiveness was inferior to piperonyl butoxide. The protective mechanism was discussed.
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Journal Article BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE NUMBER AND THE COMPOSTION OF LIVER CELLS IN POSTNATAL GROWTH OF THE RAT Get access MICHIO FUKUDA, MICHIO FUKUDA Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ATUHIRO SIBATANI ATUHIRO SIBATANI Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 40, Issue 2, March 1953, Pages 95–110, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a126356 Published: 01 March 1953 Article history Received: 10 November 1952 Published: 01 March 1953
We have postulated that the diminished renal capacity to excrete sodium causes nocturnal blood pressure (BP) elevation, which enhances pressure natriuresis in compensation for impaired daytime natriuresis. If such a mechanism holds, high BP during sleep at night may continue until excess sodium is sufficiently excreted into urine. This study examined whether the duration, defined as "dipping time," until nocturnal mean arterial pressure began to fall to <90% of daytime average became longer as renal function deteriorated. Ambulatory BP measurements and urinary sodium excretion rates were evaluated for daytime and nighttime to estimate their circadian rhythms in 65 subjects with chronic kidney disease. Dipping time showed an inverse relationship with creatinine clearance (C(cr); rho=-0.61; P<0.0001) and positive relationships with night/day ratios of mean arterial pressure (rho=0.84; P<0.0001) and natriuresis (rho=0.61; P<0.0001), both of which were also inversely correlated with C(cr) (mean arterial pressure: r=-0.58, P<0.0001; natriuresis: r=-0.69, P<0.0001). When divided into tertiles by C(cr) (mL/min), hazard ratios of nocturnal BP dip adjusted for age, gender, and body mass index were 0.37 (95% CI: 0.17 to 0.79; P=0.01) for the second tertile (C(cr): 50 to 90) and 0.20 (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.55; P=0.002) for the third tertile (C(cr): 5 to 41) compared with the first tertile (C(cr): 91 to 164). These findings demonstrate that patients with renal dysfunction require a longer duration until BP falls during the night. The prolonged duration until BP dip during sleep seems an essential component of the nondipper pattern of the circadian BP rhythm.
Ultraviolet-B and PUVA share several biological events with phorbol ester tumor promoters. The effects of ultraviolet-B irradiation and topical PUVA treatment on ornithine decarboxylase activity, DNA synthesis, and protein kinase C activity, which are known to be induced or activated by phorbol ester tumor promoter, were investigated in hairless mouse skin. Ornithine decarboxylase activity was remarkably enhanced by ultraviolet-B and PUVA. Although PUVA did not affect DNA synthesis significantly, ultraviolet-B stimulated epidermal DNA synthesis approximately 5-fold over control values at 48 h. However, unexpectedly, neither cytosolic nor membrane-bound protein kinase C activity showed any change during the 2 h after either treatment. These results suggest that the protein kinase C system is not involved in the initial signal transduction system of ultraviolet-B or PUVA, unlike the case with phorbol ester tumor promoter.
