Shweta Panchal

Vellore Institute of Technology University

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Kaustuv Sanyal

Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research

Maeli Melotto

University of California, Davis

Debanjana Roy

University of California, Davis

Carlos Pérez‐Arques

Duke University

Victoriano Garre

Universidad de Murcia

Joseph Heitman

Duke University Hospital

Reejana Chitrakar

The University of Texas at Arlington

Igor V. Grigoriev

University of California, Berkeley

María Isabel Navarro-Mendoza

Duke University

Francisco E. Nicolás

Universidad de Murcia

Cooperative Institutions

The University of Texas at Arlington

Plant (United States)

Universidad de Murcia

Joint Genome Institute

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

United States Department of Energy

Duke University

Duke University Hospital

Duke Medical Center

University of California, Davis

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An HPLC-based Method to Quantify Coronatine Production by Bacteria

BIO-PROTOCOL (2017)

Shweta Panchal Zachary S. Breitbach Maeli Melotto

Coronatine is a polyketide phytotoxin produced by several pathovars of the plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. It is one of the most important virulence factors determining the success of bacterial pathogenesis in the plant at both epiphytic and endophytic stages of the disease cycle. This protocol describes an optimized procedure to culture bacterial cells for coronatine production and to quantify the amount of coronatine secreted in the culture medium using an HPLC-based method.

Coronatine

Phytotoxin

Pseudomonas syringae

Pathogenic bacteria

10.21769/bioprotoc.2147

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Citations (1)

High-level quinolone resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (1992)

Laura J. V. Piddock Shweta Panchal Timothy J. J. Inglis Peter M. Hawkey

Journal Article High-level quinolone resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Get access L. J. V. PIDDOCK, L. J. V. PIDDOCK aAntimicrobial Agents Research Group, Department of Infection, University of BirminghamBirmingham, B15 2TT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. PANCHAL, S. PANCHAL aAntimicrobial Agents Research Group, Department of Infection, University of BirminghamBirmingham, B15 2TT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. J. J. INGLIS, T. J. J. INGLIS bDepartment of Microbiology, The University of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. M. HAWKEY P. M. HAWKEY bDepartment of Microbiology, The University of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 30, Issue 2, August 1992, Pages 229–230, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/30.2.229-a Published: 01 August 1992

Quinolone

Antimicrobial chemotherapy

10.1093/jac/30.2.229-a

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Citations (3)

Escherichia coli O157:H7 Induces Stronger Plant Immunity than Salmonella enterica Typhimurium SL1344

Phytopathology (2013)

Debanjana Roy Shweta Panchal Bruce A. Rosa Maeli Melotto

Consumption of fresh produce contaminated with bacterial human pathogens has resulted in various, sometimes deadly, disease outbreaks. In this study, we assessed plant defense responses induced by the fully pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 in both Arabidopsis thaliana and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Unlike SL1344, O157:H7 induced strong plant immunity at both pre-invasion and post-invasion steps of infection. For instance, O157:H7 triggered stomatal closure even under high relative humidity, an environmental condition that generally weakens plant defenses against bacteria in the field and laboratory conditions. SL1344 instead induced a transient stomatal immunity. We also observed that PR1 gene expression was significantly higher in Arabidopsis leaves infected with O157:H7 compared with SL1344. These results suggest that plants may recognize and respond to some human pathogens more effectively than others. Furthermore, stomatal immunity can diminish the penetration of human pathogens through the leaf epidermis, resulting in low bacterial titers in the plant apoplast and suggesting that additional control measures can be employed to prevent food contamination. The understanding of how plant responses can diminish bacterial contamination is paramount in preventing outbreaks and improving the safety of food supplies.

Salmonella enterica

Plant Immunity

Pathogenic bacteria

10.1094/phyto-09-12-0230-fi

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Molecular battles between plant and pathogenic bacteria in the phyllosphere

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (2010)

Christy Baker Reejana Chitrakar Nisita Obulareddy Shweta Panchal P. Williams

The phyllosphere, i.e., the aerial parts of the plant, provides one of the most important niches for microbial colonization. This niche supports the survival and, often, proliferation of microbes such as fungi and bacteria with diverse lifestyles including epiphytes, saprophytes, and pathogens. Although most microbes may complete the life cycle on the leaf surface, pathogens must enter the leaf and multiply aggressively in the leaf interior. Natural surface openings, such as stomata, are important entry sites for bacteria. Stomata are known for their vital role in water transpiration and gas exchange between the plant and the environment that is essential for plant growth. Recent studies have shown that stomata can also play an active role in limiting bacterial invasion of both human and plant pathogenic bacteria as part of the plant innate immune system. As counter-defense, plant pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 use the virulence factor coronatine to suppress stomate-based defense. A novel and crucial early battleground in host-pathogen interaction in the phyllosphere has been discovered with broad implications in the study of bacterial pathogenesis, host immunity, and molecular ecology of bacterial diseases.

Phyllosphere

Pseudomonas syringae

Plant Immunity

Epiphyte

Pathogenic bacteria

10.1590/s0100-879x2010007500060

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Citations (38)

Stomate-based defense and environmental cues

Plant Signaling & Behavior (2017)

Shweta Panchal Maeli Melotto

Environmental conditions play crucial roles in modulating immunity and disease in plants. For instance, many bacterial disease outbreaks occur after periods of high humidity and rain. A critical step in bacterial infection is entry into the plant interior through wounds or natural openings, such as stomata. Bacterium-triggered stomatal closure is an integral part of the plant immune response to reduce pathogen invasion. Recently, we found that high humidity compromises stomatal defense, which is accompanied by regulation of the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways in guard cells. Periods of darkness, when most stomata are closed, are effective in decreasing pathogen penetration into leaves. However, coronatine produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 cells can open dark-closed stomata facilitating infection. Thus, a well-known disease-promoting environmental condition (high humidity) acts in part by suppressing stomatal defense, whereas an anti-stomatal defense factor such as coronatine, may provide epidemiological advantages to ensure bacterial infection when environmental conditions (darkness and insufficient humidity) favor stomatal defense.

Pseudomonas syringae

Coronatine

Plant Immunity

Defence mechanisms

Jasmonic acid

10.1080/15592324.2017.1362517

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Citations (37)

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Horizontal gene transfer of Fhb7 from fungus underlies Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature (2020)

Kaustuv Sanyal Shweta Panchal

Horizontal Gene Transfer

10.3410/f.737711866.793573780

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Microbiome manipulation by a soil-borne fungal plant pathogen using effector proteins.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature (2020)

Kaustuv Sanyal Shweta Panchal Hashim Reza

During colonization of their hosts, pathogens secrete effector proteins to promote disease development through various mechanisms. Increasing evidence shows that the host microbiome plays a crucial role in health, and that hosts actively shape their microbiomes to suppress disease. We proposed that pathogens evolved to manipulate host microbiomes to their advantage in turn. Here, we show that the previously identified virulence effector VdAve1, secreted by the fungal plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae, displays antimicrobial activity and facilitates colonization of tomato and cotton through the manipulation of their microbiomes by suppressing antagonistic bacteria. Moreover, we show that VdAve1, and also the newly identified antimicrobial effector VdAMP2, are exploited for microbiome manipulation in the soil environment, where the fungus resides in absence of a host. In conclusion, we demonstrate that a fungal plant pathogen uses effector proteins to modulate microbiome compositions inside and outside the host, and propose that pathogen effector catalogues represent an untapped resource for new antibiotics. PMID: 33139860 Funding information This work was supported by: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation), Grant ID: EXC 2048/1 - Project ID: 390686111

Verticillium dahliae

10.3410/f.738957047.793579978

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Loss of nucleosome assembly protein 1 affects growth and appressorium structure in blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

PubMed (2022)

Shweta Panchal Kaustuv Sanyal

Evolutionarily conserved nucleosome assembly protein Nap1 is involved in multiple cellular processes in eukaryotes. In this study, we wanted to explore the role of Nap1 in the life cycle of rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. The null mutant of M. oryzae NAP1 is viable. However, deletion of NAP1 leads to defects in growth, appressorium morphology, and appressorium turgidity. In the future, plant infection studies can be undertaken to find if these defects lead to compromised virulence of this economically important fungal pathogen.

Appressorium

Magnaporthe

Fungal protein

10.17912/micropub.biology.000520

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Citations (1)

Early Diverging Fungus Mucor circinelloides Lacks Centromeric Histone CENP-A and Displays a Mosaic of Point and Regional Centromeres

Current Biology (2019)

María Isabel Navarro-Mendoza Carlos Pérez‐Arques Shweta Panchal Francisco E. Nicolás Stephen J. Mondo

Human artificial chromosome

Mucor circinelloides

10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.024

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Citations (98)

Guard Cell Purification and RNA Isolation Suitable for High-Throughput Transcriptional Analysis of Cell-Type Responses to Biotic Stresses

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions (2013)

Nisita Obulareddy Shweta Panchal Maeli Melotto

Stomata, micro-pores on the leaf surface, are formed by a pair of guard cells. In addition to controlling water loss and gas exchange between the plant and the environment, these cells act as immunity gates to prevent pathogen invasion of the plant apoplast. Here, we report a brief procedure to obtain highly pure guard cell preparations using conditions that preserve the guard cell transcriptome as much as possible for a robust high-throughput RNA sequence analysis. The advantages of this procedure included i) substantial shortening of the time required for obtaining high yield of >97% pure guard cell protoplasts (GCP), ii) extraction of enough high quality RNA for direct sequencing, and iii) limited RNA decay during sample manipulation. Gene expression analysis by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that wound-related genes were not induced during release of guard cells from leaves. To validate our approach, we performed a high-throughput deep-sequencing of guard cell transcriptome (RNA-seq). A total of 18,994 nuclear-encoded transcripts were detected, which expanded the transcriptome by 70%. The optimized GCP isolation and RNA extraction protocols are simple, reproducible, and fast, allowing the discovery of genes and regulatory networks inherent to the guard cells under various stresses.

10.1094/mpmi-03-13-0081-ta

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Citations (39)