Chung-Yu Yang

National Chung Hsing University

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Kwong‐Chung Tung

National Chung Hsing University

K. S. Wang

Gwong‐Jen J. Chang

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Brent S. Davis

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Jedhan Ucat Galula

National Chung Hsing University

Wei‐Ming Lee

The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Day‐Yu Chao

National Chung Hsing University

W. M. Lee

Jing-Long Huang

Chang Gung University

Hsiao-Ping Tung

Cooperative Institutions

National Chung Hsing University

National Taipei University

Central Police University

National Taiwan University

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Chang Gung University

United States Department of Health and Human Services

National Center for Infectious Diseases

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University

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Cross-reactivity reduced dengue virus serotype 2 vaccine does not confer cross-protection against other serotypes of dengue viruses

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2018)

Jedhan Ucat Galula Chung-Yu Yang Brent S. Davis Gwong‐Jen J. Chang Day‐Yu Chao

Abstract The four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) cause the most important rapidly emerging arthropod-borne disease globally. The humoral immune response to DENV infection is predominantly directed against the immunodominant cross-reactive weakly neutralizing epitopes located in the highly conserved fusion peptide of ectodomain II of envelope (E) protein (EDII FP ). Antibodies recognizing EDII FP have been shown to associate with immune enhancement in an ex vivo animal model. In this study, we explored how prime-boost strategies influence the immunogenicity of a cross-reactivity reduced (CRR) DENV-2 vaccine with substitutions in EDII FP residues (DENV-2 RD) and found that mice in various DENV-2 RD prime-boost immunizations had significantly reduced levels of EDII FP antibodies. In addition, heterologous DENV-2 RD DNA-VLP prime-boost immunization induced higher and broader levels of total IgG and neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs) although IgG titers to DENV-2 and 3 were statistically significant. Consistently, mice from DENV-2 RD DNA-VLP prime-boost immunization were fully protected from homologous DENV-2 lethal challenge and partially protected (60% survival rate) from heterologous lethal DENV-3 challenge. Our results conclude that the CRR DENV-2 RD vaccine requires a multivalent format to effectively elicit a balanced and protective immunity across all four DENV serotypes. Importance The low vaccine efficacy of the live-attenuated chimeric yellow fever virus-DENV tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) is unexpected and there is an urgent need to develop a next generation of dengue vaccine. Antibodies against the fusion peptide in envelope protein (E) ectodomain II (EDII FP ) can potentially induce a severe disease via antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection. This study evaluated different formats of an EDII FP -modified DENV-2 vaccine (DENV-2 RD) in its capability of inducing a reduced EDII FP antibodies, and sculpting the immune response towards an increased DENV complex-reactive neutralizing antibodies (CR NtAb). The results from this study confirmed the poor correlate of neutralizing assay with protection as suggested by the results of CYD-TDV clinical trials. There is a urgent need to develop a biological correlate with protection while evaluating the efficacy of the next generation dengue vaccine.

Dengue vaccine

Flavivirus

10.1101/480210

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Prime-boost Immunization Strategies against Dengue Virus (DENV)

楊中瑀 Chung-Yu Yang

Dengue vaccine

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(J Vet Med Sci.,66(5):543-545)Comparison of microfilaria concentration method for Setaria digitata infection in cattle and for Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs

Yuko Watanabe Chung-Yu Yang Kwong‐Chung Tung Hsiao-Ping Tung

Microfilaria

Diethylcarbamazine

Filarioidea

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Cross-reactivity Reduced Dengue Virus 2 Vaccine has No cross-protection Against Heterotypic Dengue Viruses

Future Virology (2020)

Jedhan Ucat Galula Chung-Yu Yang Brent S. Davis Gwong‐Jen J. Chang Day‐Yu Chao

Aim: This study assessed how prime-boost strategies influence the immunogenicity of a cross-reactivity reduced dengue virus 2 vaccine (DENV-2 RD). Materials & methods: Mice were immunized with DENV-2 RD vaccines in a heterologous DNA and virus-like particle (VLP) prime-boost. Elicited antibodies were analyzed for neutralization and protective efficacy against four DENV serotypes. Results: DENV-2 RD DNA-VLP had induced higher and broader levels of total IgG and neutralizing antibodies with statistically significant IgG titers against DENV-2 and -3. Only pups of DENV-2 RD DNA-VLP immunized female mice were fully protected against homotypic DENV challenge and partially protected (60% survival rate) against heterotypic DENV-3 lethal challenge. Conclusion: DENV-2 RD vaccine requires a multivalent format to effectively elicit a balanced and protective immunity across all four DENV serotypes.

Dengue vaccine

Cross-reactivity

10.2217/fvl-2019-0115

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(J Vet Med Sci.,68(1):103-104)First Thelazia callipaeda infestation report in a dog in Taiwan

Chung-Yu Yang Kwong‐Chung Tung M. Y. Wang Shu‐Chen Chang Wu‐Chun Tu

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Flexibility planning for managing R&D projects under risk

International Journal of Production Economics (2011)

Juite Wang Chung-Yu Yang

Stochastic game

10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.10.020

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DNA profiling of Shahtoosh

Electrophoresis (2006)

Lee Jc Li‐Chin Tsai Chung-Yu Yang Chia‐Ling Liu Li‐Hung Huang

The population of the Tibetan Antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) has recently declined dramatically due to the illegal trade in its wool. The animal lives at high altitude and is protected from the extremely cold climate due to a coat of very fine wool. These hairs are highly sought for weaving a shawl called shahtoosh. The large-scale poaching of the antelope has resulted in the species being placed on CITES Appendix I. We report on a method of DNA profiling on a confiscated shahtoosh using the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene to produce a test that will identify unambiguously the presence of P. hodgsonii. Two shahtoosh samples were provided by the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan, and ten shawl samples of sheep wool (Ovis aries), cashmere from the Kashmir goat (Capra hircus), and pashmina from the Himalayan goat (C. hircus) were collected from local stores for comparison. Two primer pairs were used to amplify a 271 bp fragment of cyt b gene which would distinguish these three species. The resulting amplification products were directly sequenced. When the DNA sequences were compared with the sequences registered in GenBank and EMBL databases, the sequences with the highest homology were the cyt b genes of P. hodgsonii, C. hircus, and O. aries. This study demonstrates that there is still sufficient DNA present in the finished wool of a shahtoosh shawl to allow DNA typing and the method established was highly plausible to identify the CITES protected species.

Capra hircus

Ovis

10.1002/elps.200600062

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(Acta Vet Hung.,55(1):077-085)Study on the species-specificity of Isospora michaelbakeri by experimental infection

Kwong‐Chung Tung J. S. Liu F.P. Cheng Chung-Yu Yang Worsmann Tu

Isospora

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(J. Vet. Med. Sci.,71(1):043-047)Surveillance of endoparasitic infections and the first report of Physaloptera sp. and Sarcocystis spp. in farm rodents and shrews in central Taiwan