A novel photochromic calix[4]arene ligand bearing a spirobenzopyran and three ethyl-ester moieties (compound 1) was synthesized, and photocontrol of its alkali metal ion extractability was studied....
Abstract Recent developments in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) yielded a power conversion efficiency of 26.56%, making them a practically viable technology. However, the end-of-life lead of (Pb)-based PSCs raises significant environmental concerns. In this study, we used ion-exchange resin to recover Pb from PSCs decomposed by immersion into chlorobenzene and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents. We applied inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy to the as-prepared pollutants and successfully recovered 100% of Pb from the chlorobenzene and 99.57% from the DMF solution. This study highlights the potential for developing green disposal and recycling methods for emerging PSC technology.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) immobilized in a poly(vinylalcohol) film on a glass substrate were quantitatively discriminated by photothermal (PT) microscopy with multiwavelength excitation. AgNPs and AuNPs showed discernable PT signals at excitation wavelengths of 405 nm and 520 nm, respectively. The mixed ratios of nanoparticles determined by PT signals were in good agreement with those calculated from their concentrations. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were immobilized in a poly(vinylalcohol) film on a glass substrate and they were quantitatively discriminated by photothermal (PT) microscopy with multiwavelength excitation. The mixed ratios of AgNPs and AuNPs determined by PT signals were in good agreement with those calculated from their concentrations.
We have recently realized the two-dimensional visualization of a oligoethyleneglycol (OEG)/mannose (Man)-terminated pattern surface by performing AFM force measurements using a concanavalin A (ConA)-modified AFM tip. To extend the visualization technique, various types of patterned surfaces with localized sugar chains were fabricated by lithography and their two-dimensional visualizations were challenged in a phosphate-buffered saline solution by AFM force measurements using a ConA-modified AFM tip in this study. The adhesion force based on the interaction of ConA with Man was much larger than that based on the interaction of ConA with phosphorylcholine or galactose. The spatial resolution of this method was evaluated using a nanopatterned surface fabricated using silica nanoparticles. Man-terminated regions were clearly distinguishable from OEG-terminated regions on a nanometer scale.
The method for deformation analysis of coated plain-weave fabrics having nonlinear mechanical properties has been reported previously in this journal2). In this paper, a biaxial tensile tester developed by the authors and the crucial specimen suitable for the tester are introduced. The convergence properties of solutions obtained by applying the previous method2) on the deformation analysis of crucial specimens were studied in relation to the coaseness of subdivision of finite element and to the number of steps of itelative calculation. Finally, the method was verified by comparing biaxial stress-strain curves given by the calculation and the measurement. The results show that the method can be applied to deformation analysis of membrane structures.
Pentacene thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated with ultraviolet-light (UV)-cured polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) gate dielectric layers using cross-linker molecules with or without ester groups. To polymerize PSQ without ester groups, thiol-ene reaction was adopted. The TFTs fabricated with PSQ layers comprising ester-free cross-linkers showed a higher carrier mobility than the TFTs with PSQ layers cross-linked with ester groups, which had large electric dipole moments that limited the carrier mobility. It was demonstrated that the thiol-ene reaction is more suitable than the conventional radical reaction for UV-cured PSQ with small dielectric constant.
Abstract The fluorescence properties of a Eu3+ complex with a tetraazamacrocyclic derivative bearing a spirobenzopyran and three carboxymethyl moieties were investigated. The enhanced fluorescence of Eu3+, which proved that the spirobenzopyran moiety worked as an antenna for the sensitization, was controlled photochemically.
