Abstract Consider the following argument, which is adapted from Castaneda 1981.* Alchourr6n is obligated to do the following: If Bulygin sends him the draft of their latest joint paper, revise it. Bulygin has sent Alchourrón the draft of their latest joint paper.
This study aimed to analyze the temporal and spatial trends in the burden of HIV/AIDS related to intimate partner violence (IPV) on global, regional, and country scales among females. Data were from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study. We assessed the global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; per 100,000 population) and death of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV by age and geographical location. The estimated annual percentage change across 204 countries and territories was used to present the temporal and spatial trends. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between the sociodemographic index (SDI) and the burden of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV and its spatial and temporal characteristics globally. From 1990 to 2019, the global DALY and death rates of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV decreased by 0.26% and 0.21%, respectively. Across the 21 GBD regions, the top three highest age-standardized rates of IPV-related DALY for HIV/AIDS were in Southern, Eastern, and Central Sub-Saharan Africa. From 1990 to 2019, the study found the estimated annual percentage change of 15 out of 21 regions significantly increased with the largest three in Oceania, Eastern Europe, and South Asia with the EAPC of 17.81%, 9.46%, and 8.81%, respectively, while a decreasing trend could be found in six regions (Western Europe, High-Income North America, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, Australasia, and Caribbean). This study found the inverted U-curve patterns were common across all levels of SDI, although progress has stalled in some regions. The burden of death by 21 GBD regions is similar to DALY's. The burden of HIV/AIDS attributable to IPV has significantly increased in females in many countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Marked geographical variations were observed with different patterns. Considering the vast variations in the burden by SDI and geographic location, future actions should be designed and implemented based on the specific development status, cultural, and regional characteristics of each country. The most robust synergy is achieved by intervening on multiple levels in the promotion of community engagement, gender equality, women empowerment, and human rights. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Abstract In chapter 1 we introduced [a stit: Q], the stit sentence, solely to represent agentive sentences.* We stated some theses about stit and agency, and we presented a “mini-history,” going back to St. Anselm, of earlier proposals to treat agency through a modal construction. Then in chapter 2 we provided a theory of branching alternative histories as a foundation for two semantic accounts of [a stit: Q]-the achievement and deliberative stits-and we explored some applications of the achievement stit. Here we propose to deal in more detail with some earlier discussions to which we alluded in our “mini-history.”
Abstract Background The prevalence of childhood obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide. Exercise has been suggested as the primary approach to manage body weight, but an effective exercise program tailored for school-age children is still lacking. Objective This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of a novel multilevel (children, families, and schools)-coordinated exercise programmes with different intensities on adiposity and development among overweight and obese school-age children. It also aims to elucidate the complex interplays between the exercise interventions, multi-omic biomarkers, development, and metabolic homeostasis. Methods This is a multilevel –coordinated two-stage randomized double-blind controlled trial, comprising 366 overweight and obese children aged between 8 and 12 years from two elementary schools in Beijing, China. The novel multilevel exercise programs involve families and schools monitoring children’s exercise and diet via a specially designed smartphone application. The children will be randomly assigned to receive three school-based exercise programmes (exercise intervention stage), namely low-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise, and intermittent vigorous exercise, for 12 weeks, followed by a 9-month post-intervention follow-up (follow-up stage). The primary outcomes of this trial are the changes in adiposity, development, and metabolic homeostasis during the two stages. The secondary outcomes include but are not restricted to genomics and changes in blood metabolomics, gut microbiota, and exercise performance. Discussion This trial has been approved by the ethics committee of Peking University Third Hospital (ethnic approval number 2021-283-08). The findings of this trial will help establish specialized multilevel coordinated school-based exercise programmes for overweight and obese school-age children in China and quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the efficacy of the novel interventions. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier of NCT04984005 on July 21, 2021.
For any field $\mathbb{F}$ and polynomials $f_{2},f_{3}\in\mathbb{F}[x,y]$, let $\Gamma_{\mathbb{F}}(f_{2},f_{3})$ denote the bipartite graph with vertex partition $P\cup L$, where $P$ and $L$ are two copies of $\mathbb{F}^{3}$, and $(p_{1},p_{2},p_{3})\in P$ is adjacent to $[l_{1},l_{2},l_{3}]\in L$ if and only if $p_{2}+l_{2}=f_{2}(p_{1},l_{1})$ and $p_{3}+l_{3}=f_{3}(p_{1},l_{1})$. The graph $\Gamma_{3}(\mathbb{F})=\Gamma_{\mathbb{F}}(xy,xy^{2})$ is known to be of girth eight. When $\mathbb{F}=\mathbb{F}_q$ is a finite field of odd size $q$ or $\mathbb{F}=\mathbb{F}_{\infty}$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, the graph $\Gamma_{3}(\mathbb{F})$ is conjectured to be the unique one with girth at least eight among those $\Gamma_{\mathbb{F}}(f_{2},f_{3})$ up to isomorphism. This conjecture has been confirmed for the case that both $f_{2},f_{3}$ are monomials over $\mathbb{F}_q$, and for the case that at least one of $f_{2},f_{3}$ is a monomial over $\mathbb{F}_{\infty}$. If one of $f_{2},f_{3}\in\mathbb{F}_q[x,y]$ is a monomial, it has also been proved the existence of a positive integer $M$ such that $G=\Gamma_{\mathbb{F}_{q^{M}}}(f_2,f_3)$ is isomorphic to $\Gamma_{3}(\mathbb{F}_{q^{M}})$ provided $G$ has girth at least eight. In this paper, these results are shown to be valid when the restriction on the polynomials $f_2,f_3$ is relaxed further to that one of them is the product of two univariate polynomials. Furthermore, all of such polynomials $f_2,f_3$ are characterized completely.
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