The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among implicit theories of
creativity, sophisticated epistemological beliefs, and cognitive processes of creativity
of college students. A total of 709 college students(freshmen, sophomore, and junior)
of D University in Korea participated in this study. The results of this study were as
follows.First, the results of Pearson correlation analyses showed that there were
statistically significant positive correlations among sophisticated epistemological
beliefs(nature and source) and cognitive processes of creativity(flow, analogy, idea
generation, incubation, imagery, manipulation), and sophisticated epistemological belief
showed positive correlations with enhancement view and negative correlations with
fixed view of creativity. Second, the result of the path and model fit tests showed
that all the model fit indices of x² / df( p < .001), TLI, CFI, RMSEA were met
the acceptable model fit criteria, and shown to be a suitable model structure. The
significance and implications of this study were suggested.
The proliferation of embryonic cells or adult stem cells in tissue is critically regulated during development and repair. How limited the proliferation of cells, so far, is not much explored. Cell-cell contact proliferation inhibition is known as a crucial mechanism regulating cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In this study we examined the characters of mouse subcutaneous adipose derived stem cells (msADSC) whether they lost or get contact inhibition during in vitro culture. The characters of msADSC growth after confluence were analyzed using confocal microscope and the expression profiles of contact inhibition related genes were analyzed according to the morphological changes using real-time PCR method. msADSC showed overlapping growth between them but not after passage 14. The cell shapes were also changed after passage 14. The expression profiles of genes which are involved in contact inhibition were modified in the msADSC after passage 14. The differentiation ability of msADSCs to adipocyte, chondrocyte and osteocyte was not changed by such changes of gene expression profiles. Based on these results, it is revealed that smADSC were characterized by getting of strong cell-cell contact inhibition after passage 14 but the proliferation and developmental ability were not blocked by the change of cell-cell contact proliferation inhibition. These finding will help to understand the growth of adipose tissue, although further studies are needed to evaluate the physiological meaning of the cell-cell contact proliferation inhibition during in vitro culture of msADSC.
Ifosfamide is one of the most widely used alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. Before mesna was introduced, its dose-limiting toxicity was hemorrhagic cystitis, but at present, neurotoxicity is one of its most worrisome side effects. A total of 10%–15% of patients treated with ifosfamide develop an encephalopathy. The exact pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for the development of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy (IIE) are not known. However, accumulation of chloracetaldehyde, toxic metabolite of ifosfamide, in the central nervous system is theorized to be the cause of the neurotoxicity. No standard treatment has been available for IIE. Recently, many reports suggested that methylene blue (MB) may be an effective treatment of this lethal complication. We report two cases of IIE and their treatment outcomes. The first patient recovered completely with MB. The other patient showed slow and incomplete improvement without using MB. We suggest that MB can be used as an initial treatment for the encephalopathy related to ifosfamide infusion. Thus, we present these two cases with brief review of related literature.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors associated with surgical ligation for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in extremely preterm infants born at the limits of viability.Ninety infants who were born at 23-25 weeks of gestation and who received surgical ligation were included and their cases were retrospectively reviewed.Infants were classified into two different groups: survivors with no major morbidity (N), and nonsurvivors or survivors with any major morbidity (M).Clinical characteristics were compared between the groups.Possible prognostic factors were derived from this comparison and further tested by logistic regression analysis.The mean gestational age and the mean birth weight of M were significantly lower than those of N. Notably, the mean postnatal age at time of ligation in N was significantly later than that of the other group (17 ± 12 vs 11 ± 8 days in N and M, respectively).An adjusted analysis showed that delayed ligation ( > 2 weeks) was uniquely associated with a significantly decreased risk for mortality or composite morbidity after surgical ligation (OR, 0.105; 95% CI, 0.012-0.928).In conclusion, delayed surgical ligation for PDA ( > 2 weeks) is associated with decreased mortality or morbidities in extremely preterm infants born at 23-25 weeks of gestation.
Purpose : Expression patterns, associated anomalies and progress of the patients with Goldenhar syndrome from the neonatal period were systematically investigated. This allows us to evaluate the need for early diagnosis. Methods : This is a retrospective study of 29 infants with Goldenhar syndrome whose diagnosed in Samsung Medical Center between 1994 and 2013. Associated anomalies and procedures between neonatal group (n=13) and non-neonatal group (n=16) were systematically compared. Results : Mean gestational age in the neonatal group were 38 +1 ±2 +4 weeks and 3 patients (23%) were preterm infants. The average birth weight in the neonatal group were 2,853±544 grams. Goldenhar syndrome was mainly diagnosed by ear and face anomalies during the neonatal period. The associated anomalies in neonatal group were cardiovascular anomaly (54%), genitourinary anomaly (30%), vertebral anomaly (15%), and others (31 %). About 40% of patients who had long-term follow-up revealed hearing abnormalities and about 1/4 of all patients had bilateral hearing problem, which resulted in requiring hearing aid devices. In addition, the most common procedure performed during follow-up was preauricular skin tag removal. And other procedures or surgery related to oral, eyes, and others were performed in each 1/4 of the patients. Cardiac surgery was done in 15% of total patients. Frequency of associated anomalies and performed procedures between the patients diagnosed at neonatal and non-neonatal period was not significantly different. Conclusion : A multidisciplinary approach should be undertaken by multi-departments when evaluating patients with Goldenhar syndrome. In particular if the patient has an ear anomaly, careful hearing test is required in early life.
Ultrasound has been found to be accurate, reliable and comfortable method in the measurement of spleen. Also ultrasound offers the rapid and simple method of estimating volume of spleen in vivo against the computed tomography.The study was undertaken to obtain standard values of size in three dimensions and normal range of splenic volume by the use of splenic volumetric index(SVI) in normal korean adults.The author analyzed 100 cases of abdominal ultrasonography of normal korean adults.The results were as fallows :1) The average size of spleen in adult male was 6.85±1.31cm in breadth, 4.93±1.27cm in thickness, 6.33±1.46cm in height ; in adult fermales, 6.61±1.23cm, 5.17±1.25cm, 6.33±1.42cm respectively ; total average, 6.73±1.27cm, 5.05±1.27cm, 6.33±1.39cm, respectively.2) The average splenic volumetric index in adult male was 8.20±3.95 : in adult females, 8.41±4.08 : total average, 8.31±4.00 : upper limit, 20.65 : lower limit 2.24.3) There were no statistical differences of SVI and size between sex and age.
'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cpath id='a' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' d='M-6-25H6m-12 3H6m-12 3H6'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='44'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 17v10'/%3e%3ccircle r='12' fill='%23cd2e3a'/%3e%3cpath fill='%230047a0' d='M0-12A6 6 0 0 0 0 0a6 6 0 0 1 0 12 12 12 0 0 1 0-24z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(-123.69)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0-23.5v3M0 17v3.5m0 3v3'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)