Andrew A. Rosenberg

Union of Concerned Scientists

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Andrew B. Cooper

Simon Fraser University

Benjamin S. Halpern

National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis

Catherine Longo

Marine Stewardship Council

Michael J. Fogarty

Falmouth Hospital

Kristin M. Kleisner

Environmental Defense Fund

J. R. Beddington

University of Oxford

Cóilín Minto

Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology

Elizabeth R. Selig

Stanford University

Giacomo Chato Osio

Joint Research Centre

Karen L. McLeod

Oregon State University

Cooperative Institutions

International Union for Conservation of Nature

Conservation International

University of California, Santa Barbara

University of Cambridge

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Texas A&M University

NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service

Sapienza University of Rome

University of Washington

Stanford University

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Vascular endothelial growth factor prevents G93A‐SOD1‐induced motor neuron degeneration

Developmental Neurobiology (2009)

J. Simon Lunn Stacey A. Sakowski Bhumsoo Kim Andrew A. Rosenberg Eva L. Feldman

Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult‐onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by selective loss of motor neurons (MNs). Twenty percent of familial ALS cases are associated with mutations in Cu 2+ /Zn 2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1). To specifically understand the cellular mechanisms underlying mutant SOD1 toxicity, we have established an in vitro model of ALS using rat primary MN cultures transfected with an adenoviral vector encoding a mutant SOD1, G93A‐SOD1. Transfected cells undergo axonal degeneration and alterations in biochemical responses characteristic of cell death such as activation of caspase‐3. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic and neuroprotective growth factor that can increase axonal outgrowth, block neuronal apoptosis, and promote neurogenesis. Decreased VEGF gene expression in mice results in a phenotype similar to that seen in patients with ALS, thus linking loss of VEGF to the pathogenesis of MN degeneration. Decreased neurotrophic signals prior to and during disease progression may increase MN susceptibility to mutant SOD1‐induced toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate a decrease in VEGF and VEGFR2 levels in the spinal cord of G93A‐SOD1 ALS mice. Furthermore, in isolated MN cultures, VEGF alleviates the effects of G93A‐SOD1 toxicity and neuroprotection involves phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling. Overall, these studies validate the usefulness of VEGF as a potential therapeutic factor for the treatment of ALS and give valuable insight into the responsible signaling pathways and mechanisms involved. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2009

Degeneration (medical)

10.1002/dneu.20747

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Citations (75)

Marine Fisheries at a Critical Juncture

Fisheries (1993)

Michael P. Sissenwine Andrew A. Rosenberg

Billions of dollars in potential economic benefits, hundreds of thousands of jobs, and countless recreational opportunities can be gained by correcting problems of overutilization, overcapitalization, and resource depletion. The long-term potential yield from U.S. fisheries is approximately 50% higher than the recent average yield. To achieve the long-term potential, overutilization of 28% of U.S. fishery resources must be corrected, and use of 12% of stocks must be increased. The current status of 28% of the stocks should be maintained, while the status of 34% is unknown. Despite serious fisheries problems in the United States and worldwide, there are reasons for optimism. The causes of the problems are well known (i.e., uncontrolled access to fisheries resources, uncertain scientific information, and risk-prone fisheries management decisions), and there is broad support for solutions by the public, Congress, National Marine Fisheries Service, and the fishing industry and recreational anglers. All eight regional Fishery Management Councils are responding by developing Fishery Management Plans that address the problems. Two critical fisheries management questions to be resolved in the future are (1) who will pay the cost of correcting problems, and (2) who will receive the benefits. Regardless of the answers, the tide has turned toward better fisheries management and greatly increased benefits from the nation's marine fisheries resources.

Fisheries law

Fishing industry

Marine Fisheries

Fisheries science

10.1577/1548-8446(1993)018<0006:mfaacj>2.0.co;2

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Citations (46)

Social perceptions of Colombian small-scale marine fisheries conflicts: Insights for management

Marine Policy (2015)

Lina Diaz Andrew A. Rosenberg Berta Martín‐López

Fisheries law

10.1016/j.marpol.2014.11.026

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Citations (52)

Near-term priorities for the science, policy and practice of Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP)

Marine Policy (2011)

Benjamin S. Halpern Jordan Diamond Steven D. Gaines Stefan Gelcich Mary Gleason

Action plan

Marine Spatial Planning

10.1016/j.marpol.2011.05.004

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Citations (138)

Combining information from commercial catches and research surveys to estimate recruitment: a comparison of methods

ICES Journal of Marine Science (1992)

Andrew A. Rosenberg G.P. Kirkwood Robin Cook R. A. Myers

Three basic methods for estimating year-class strength given several research surveys or commercial catch indices of recruitment are described. Two are regression methods - calibration regression and predictive regression. The third method is factor analysis, in which the covariance between the indices is modelled as a function of the relationship to the underlying true, but unobservable, recruitment. All three of the methods estimate recruitment as an inverse variance weighted average of the estimates from each of the index series. In many cases, the commercial catch information will yield an estimate of recruitment for years 1 … T through some procedure such as virtual population analysis (VPA). This gives an estimate of absolute abundance (AA), while research surveys can give estimates of relative abundance (RA) or absolute abundance of recruits. The regression methods make specific assumptions concerning the relative magnitude of the errors in the estimates from different sources, e.g. that (AA) is most precise (calibration) or of no greater precision than the other indices (prediction). The difficulty arises in choosing between these methods with real data where the relative sizes of the errors in the available estimates of year-class strength are unknown. Simulation tests were constructed to test the three basic methods as well as a calibration regression where the resulting weighted average includes a term for “shrinking” the estimate towards the mean of the AA series. The tests indicate that factor analysis and calibration with shrinkage perform best overall. Calibration can be quite sensitive to missing data, however, and may break down if the most recent year's recruitment is far from the mean of the AA series. Under these conditions, factor analysis performs better in simulation trials.

10.1093/icesjms/49.4.379

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Citations (8)

Saving endangered whales at no cost

Current Biology (2007)

Ransom A. Myers Stephanie A. Boudreau Robert D. Kenney Michael J. Moore Andrew A. Rosenberg

Right whale

Overexploitation

Baleen

Whaling

10.1016/j.cub.2006.11.045

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Citations (25)

Strengthening and Diversifying the Federal STEM Workforce

Anita Desikan Jacob Carter Frank A. Franklin Raechel E. McKinley Jennifer Orme–Zavaleta

This report is the result of a UCS roundtable discussion held February 23–24, 2023, with the goal of bringing experts together to discuss the best practices for strengthening and diversifying the federal STEM workforce using equitable and evidence-based approaches.

Workforce Development

10.47923/2023.15242

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Food security and marine capture fisheries: characteristics, trends, drivers and future perspectives

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (2010)

Serge M. Garcia Andrew A. Rosenberg

World population is expected to grow from the present 6.8 billion people to about 9 billion by 2050. The growing need for nutritious and healthy food will increase the demand for fisheries products from marine sources, whose productivity is already highly stressed by excessive fishing pressure, growing organic pollution, toxic contamination, coastal degradation and climate change. Looking towards 2050, the question is how fisheries governance, and the national and international policy and legal frameworks within which it is nested, will ensure a sustainable harvest, maintain biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and adapt to climate change. This paper looks at global fisheries production, the state of resources, contribution to food security and governance. It describes the main changes affecting the sector, including geographical expansion, fishing capacity-building, natural variability, environmental degradation and climate change. It identifies drivers and future challenges, while suggesting how new science, policies and interventions could best address those challenges.

Environmental degradation

10.1098/rstb.2010.0171

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Citations (340)

A study of the dynamics and management of the hairtail fishery,Trichiurus haumela, in the East China Sea

Aquatic Living Resources (1991)

Yimin Ye Andrew A. Rosenberg

This study concerns the dynamics and management of the hairtail fishery (Trichiurus haumela) in the East China Sea. Virtual population analysis was used to assess the historical pattern of stock size and an age-structured production model was developed to simulate the historical and future changes of catch and stock of hairtail under different fishing strategies. The results show that the stock of hairtail has been declining in general since the beginning of the 1960s. In 1981, it was 275.103 metric tons, overfished but not very seriously. Subsequent management measures brought some positive effects to stock and catches and slowed down the decline, but they cannot change the status of overfishing of the stock. The current fishing regime will inevitably lead to more severe depletion of the stock and also decrease the catch in the end. To prevent further deterioration of the stock and maintain catches, any further expansion of fishing effort must be stopped. Alternatively, a longer closed season should be introduced or the age at first capture should be raised.

Overfishing

Stock (firearms)

China sea

Stock assessment

Management strategy

10.1051/alr:1991007

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Citations (11)

Predictive Yield Models and Food Chain Theory

Routledge eBooks (2019)

Andrew A. Rosenberg Marinelle Basson J. R. Beddington

This chapter considers the predictability of yield from single and multispecies fisheries. We have calculated confidence intervals for equilibrium yield and equilibrium spawning stock biomass given estimates of the variability in recruitment and estimates of other biological parameters for a range of stocks. Then, using the concept of a notional "safe" threshold level for spawning stock biomass, we calculate the probability that the stock goes below the threshold in any one year as a measure of the risk to sustainability. In a single species concept we compare average and the coefficients of variation in yield and spawning stock biomass for eight species groups using data from the literature. The variability of yield increases with the mean, with slow-growing, long-lived species having lower yields and spawning stock biomasses, as a proportion of unexploited biomass, than fast-growing species. In other words, there is a clear tradeoff between uncertainty and average yield. This uncertainty is a measure of the predictability of the resource. Two large marine ecosystem examples are examined in more detail, the South Georgia fishery for krill and Antarctic icefish and the Barents Sea fisheries for cod, capelin, and herring. In each case, the probability of maintaining the stock above a threshold level, the risk curve, is dependent on the harvest rates of all the species in the fishery. Predator-prey interactions in a multispecies fishery can buffer the increase in uncertainty in yield that normally accrues with increasing harvest rate. A critical feature of predictive yield models is the quantification of both the uncertainty in yield and the risk to sustainability due to depletion of the spawning stock.

Chain (unit)

10.4324/9780429042423-9

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