An approach to describe continuous partitioning of Cerrena unicolor laccase in a PEG 6000-phosphate aqueous two-phase system was proposed. The laccase was separated from crude supernatant of C. unicolor-submerged culture, and all the experiments were carried out in 25 °C and pH 7 conditions. Masses of both phases and their compositions at phase equilibrium, as well as laccase activity concentrations at different mixing points, were measured in batch experiments. An empirical short-cut method was developed which allows for calculation of mass and volume fractions of the phases, laccase concentration factors, and laccase recoveries. Theoretical predictions were verified by several experiments carried out in a special mixer-settler unit with automatic substrate feed and continuous collection of separated phases. Required concentration of the laccase was possible to achieve in a one-step extraction process in the mixer-settler unit. The predictions of the short-cut method were compared to the results of experimental measurements of phase compositions, phase volume fractions, concentration factors and enzymatic yields at steady-state operation of the extraction unit. The values of experimental results lay well within the 10% error range of the predicted values.
The recovery of 1,3-propanediol from fermentation broth is challenging because of its high polarity and high boiling point. Extraction is an attractive alternative to the commonly used distillation process, which is very energy intensive and thus costly. Due to the low solubility of 1,3-propanediol in organic solvents, extraction has not yet been considered. Ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase systems could constitute an alternative extraction system for the purification of 1,3-propanediol and are therefore investigated in this study. The distribution coefficient of 1,3-propanediol and the selectivity for it over the by-products of the fermentation, i.e., acetic acid and butyric acid, are determined in different ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase systems. Based on these results, the ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase system, phosphate/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Im4,1 CF3SO3), is chosen for further investigation. The effects of the temperature, pH and Im4,1 CF3SO3, phosphate and 1,3-propanediol mass fractions on the phase diagram are examined. Furthermore, the influence of the fermentation by-products on the liquid–liquid equilibrium is determined. All experiments were performed using synthetic media to identify the effects of the process parameters independently from non-ideality incorporated through the use of real fermentation broth. To verify that this approach leads to correct results, results obtained with fermentation broth were compared to those obtained with synthetic media prior to these experiments. The recovery and potential re-use of the ionic liquid, Im4,1 CF3SO3, is finally analysed by repeating some of the experiments with recovered ionic liquid.
Abstract In dieser Arbeit wird ein generisches Prozessmodell zur dynamischen Simulation von Proteinaufreinigungsprozessen vorgestellt. Durch dessen Kopplung mit einem evolutionären Optimierungsalgorithmus können die Sequenz und das Design der Grundoperationen von Aufreinigungsprozessen auf Basis detaillierter Modelle simultan optimiert werden. Die Anwendbarkeit dieses Optimierungswerkzeugs wird anhand eines Beispielprozesses zur Aufreinigung von humanem Serumalbumin demonstriert.