Abstract Integration measurements of indoor radon in houses were performed within the framework of the project “Harmonization of determining the radiation dose of the population originating from radon in V4 countries”. In Slovakia, the survey was performed in three localities: Záhorská Bystrica, Mochovce and Ružomberok. Monitoring started in March 2012 and lasted for one year. In Ružomberok ten houses were selected for monitoring purposes. The houses built before 1990 were predominantly chosen for the investigation. In selected houses in Ružomberok, radon activity concentration rarely exceeded 400 Bq/m 3 in a three month period, in this case the inhabitants were advised how to lower radon exposure. No house was found with an annual radon activity concentration of more than 400 Bq/m 3 .
Various approaches of determining CO2 fluxes from the soil based on 222Rn calibrated method were tested. It was shown that the exponential fits of CO2 and 222Rn depth profiles led to uncertainties up to 50% if the depth profiles of CO2 and 222Rn concentration were not measured at sufficient depths. However, CO2 fluxes determined from linear fits of CO2 and 222Rn concentrations in the surface layer of the soil are lower than the fluxes determined from exponential fits, and have lower uncertainties. The comparison of CO2 fluxes derived from 222Rn calibrated methods with directly measured CO2 fluxes showed that the latter are usually on the order of tens of percent higher than the former. CO2 flux from sandy-clay and uncultivated soil was estimated to be on the level of 3.0 mmol m-2 h-1 in the spring and around 7.0 mmol m-2 h-1 in the summer.
Background: The identification of the areas with increased indoor radon levels, generally referred to as “radon priority areas”, is an internationally recognized issue. Many scientific studies propose methods for locating such areas using measured soil characteristics.
Objective: To utilize a modified Neznal radon potential classification for mapping radon potential across the Slovak Republic and experimentally verifying the predictions of radon priority areas.
Methods: The study applied a modified version of the Neznal radon potential classification, using measurements of soil air radon concentration and soil gas permeability, to develop a radon potential map for the Slovak Republic. Municipalities with high radon potential were primarily selected for the experimental verification of radon priority area predictions. The verification process involved comparing measured indoor radon activity concentrations against predicted values, which were derived from a previous study correlating averaged indoor radon activity concentrations with averaged Neznal radon potential for selected municipalities.
Results: The investigation revealed an approximately linear relationship between the measured indoor radon activity concentrations and their predicted values, with a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.43. Notably, in one municipality predicted to have medium-high radon potential, indoor radon concentrations exceeded the reference level of 300 Bq.m-3 even in buildings constructed after 2008, highlighting the significant influence of soil radon content on indoor levels despite stricter building material standards. The analysis of radon priority areas in relation to bronchial and lung cancer mortality data across various districts in Slovakia did not show statistically significant results.
Conclusion: The proposed method of predicting radon risk areas is important for radiation protection of the population against high effective doses of radon and can contribute to the successful implementation of the National Radon Action Plan of the Slovak Republic.
The thesis Conception of old age across cultures is the description of changes occurring in old age is comparing the concept of age in two different cultures- Czech and Roma, the influence of these concepts to the elderly and the very definition of socio-educational opportunities to influence society and the elderly themselves. The goal is to compare and identify any differences in perception and evaluation of the autonomy of older two ethnic groups - and Czech Roma and the possibility of coexistence of two ethnic groups, the elderly in the home for the elderly.
Premature ovarian failure is a heterogeneous disease that brings about several health risks. We must consider that the use of contraception in adolescent girls can mask this disease for a long time. Assisted reproductive technology has brought hope to women with premature ovarian failure to have their own child. Substitution of hormonal deficiency is important for eliminating unpleasant feelings associated with premature ovarian failure as well as for reducing the risk of late effects. Keywords: premature ovarian failure, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, amenorrhea, gonadal dysgenesis, cryopreservation.
Diploma thesis in theoretical part describes basic axiological concepts, dealing with agents of socialization, the history of ethical thinking, moral development of individuals from birth to 15 years of age, concepts of value and discipline. The practical part presents findings from research of archival materials documenting the work of experimental schools in Zlin in the period between the world wars. Research was focused mainly on the methods of education to discipline and character formation of pupils.
In this paper, we deal with measurement of 222Rn emanation coefficient (Ke) of soils using an accumulation method. We created a database of Ke values of dried soils for various soil types and soil groups, classified by the size of soil particles. For 18 different soil samples we obtained the Ke values in range 0.083-0.234. The analysis of radon emanation dependence on moisture for seven of these samples shows two different trends which were related to soil texture (clays or sands). Soils with predominant sandy particles prove weak dependence on moisture and Ke values from minimum value (at zero moisture) do not increase much (max 15% increase on every 5% of moisture), for soils with majority of clayey particles the moisture can affect the Ke more significantly (increase up to 60%).
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