Abdulmonem A. Abuzaid

Security Forces Hospital

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Ali A. Rabaan

Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization

Abbas Al Mutair

Saad Specialist Hospital

Hawra Albayat

King Saud Medical City

Saad Alhumaid

Ministry of Health

Hani Al-Afghani

Security Forces Hospital

Mubarak Alfaresi

Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences

Tarek Sulaiman

King Fahd Medical City

Sara Alwarthan

Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University

Abdulmonem A. Alsaleh

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Abeer N. Alshukairi

Alfaisal University

Cooperative Institutions

Alfaisal University

Ministry of Health

Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University

King Abdulaziz University

Dammam Central Hospital

Qatif Central Hospital

King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

King Saud University

National Guard Health Affairs

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A Comprehensive Review on Monkeypox Viral Disease with Potential Diagnostics and Therapeutic Options

Biomedicines (2023)

Ali A. Rabaan Seham Al-Shwaikh Wadha Alfouzan Ali Al-Bahar Mohammed Garout

The purpose of this review is to give an up-to-date, thorough, and timely overview of monkeypox (Mpox), a severe infectious viral disease. Furthermore, this review provides an up-to-date treatment option for Mpox. The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has remained the most virulent poxvirus for humans since the elimination of smallpox approximately 41 years ago, with distribution mainly in central and west Africa. Mpox in humans is a zoonotically transferred disease that results in symptoms like those of smallpox. It had spread throughout west and central Africa when it was first diagnosed in the Republic of Congo in 1970. Mpox has become a major threat to global health security, necessitating a quick response by virologists, veterinarians, public health professionals, doctors, and researchers to create high-efficiency diagnostic tests, vaccinations, antivirals, and other infection control techniques. The emergence of epidemics outside of Africa emphasizes the disease’s global significance. A better understanding of Mpox’s dynamic epidemiology may be attained by increased surveillance and identification of cases.

Monkeypox

10.3390/biomedicines11071826

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Citations (5)

Susceptibility and bactericidal activity of five biocides on Klebsiella pneumoniae and its association with efflux pump genes and antibiotic resistance

Abdulmonem A. Abuzaid

Efflux

Biocide

Source

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Citations (0)

Promising Antimycobacterial Activities of Flavonoids against Mycobacterium sp. Drug Targets: A Comprehensive Review

Molecules (2022)

Ali A. Rabaan Saad Alhumaid Hawra Albayat Mohammed Alsaeed Fadwa S. Alofi

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a threat to mankind, with over a billion of deaths in the last two centuries. Recent advancements in science have contributed to an understanding of Mtb pathogenesis and developed effective control tools, including effective drugs to control the global pandemic. However, the emergence of drug resistant Mtb strains has seriously affected the TB eradication program around the world. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop new drugs for TB treatment, which has grown researchers’ interest in small molecule-based drug designing and development. The small molecules-based treatments hold significant potential to overcome drug resistance and even provide opportunities for multimodal therapy. In this context, various natural and synthetic flavonoids were reported for the effective treatment of TB. In this review, we have summarized the recent advancement in the understanding of Mtb pathogenesis and the importance of both natural and synthetic flavonoids against Mtb infection studied using in vitro and in silico methods. We have also included flavonoids that are able to inhibit the growth of non-tubercular mycobacterial organisms. Hence, understanding the therapeutic properties of flavonoids can be useful for the future treatment of TB.

Antimycobacterial

10.3390/molecules27165335

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Citations (16)

Effect of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy and delivery: A narrative review

Microbes and Infectious Diseases /Microbes and Infectious Diseases (2023)

Ali Alnasser Jasem Alburaih Abdulmonem A. Abuzaid Abdullah Al thomali Mohammed Alkhazal

Background: Pregnant women with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are more likely than non-pregnant women to develop severe COVID-19 complications. In addition, COVID-19 is linked to unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Due to the lack of effective COVID-19 treatment, it is critical to assess geographic differences and trends in current clinical care and the effect of COVID-19 on pregnant women. This review aims to evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes in COVID-19 pregnancies. We searched the Medline database for research papers from January 2019 to December 31, 2021. Eleven studies of systematic, meta-analysis, review, and cohort designs were included with searched keywords {Pregnancy AND COVID [MeSH Terms]}. This study summarizes the maternal characteristics, vertical Transmission, maternal and neonatal outcomes, the rate of cesarean section, comorbidities, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission rate, mode of delivery, type of anesthesia, the average hospital length of stay (HLOS), the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, chest x‐ray and CT scan findings, treatments, and outcomes over time.

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak

Narrative review

10.21608/mid.2023.200981.1489

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Citations (1)

Psychogenetic, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in Candida auris: Role in drug resistance

Journal of Infection and Public Health (2022)

Ali A. Rabaan Khalid Eljaaly Wadha Alfouzan Abbas Al Mutair Saad Alhumaid

In recent years, we are facing the challenge of drug resistance emergence in fungi. The availability of limited antifungals and development of multi-drug resistance in fungal pathogens has become a serious concern in the past years in the health sector. Although several cellular, molecular, and genetic mechanisms have been proposed to explain the drug resistance mechanism in fungi, but a complete understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms is still lacking. Besides the genetic mechanism, epigenetic mechanisms are pivotal in the fungal lifecycle and disease biology. However, very little is understood about the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the emergence of multi-drug resistance in fungi, especially in Candida auris (C. auris). The current narrative review summaries the clinical characteristics, genomic organization, and molecular/genetic/epigenetic mechanisms underlying the emergence of drug resistance in C. auris. A very few studies have attempted to evaluate the role of epigenetic mechanisms in C. auris. Furthermore, advanced genetic tools such as the CRISP-Cas9 system can be utilized to elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms and their role in the emergence of multi-drug resistance in C. auris.

Candida auris

Antifungal drugs

10.1016/j.jiph.2022.12.012

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Citations (8)

Potential Strategies to Control the Risk of Antifungal Resistance in Humans: A Comprehensive Review

Antibiotics (2023)

Ali A. Rabaan Tarek Sulaiman Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed Zainab A. Buhaliqah Ali A. Buhaliqah

Fungal infections are becoming one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in people with weakened immune systems. Mycoses are becoming more common, despite greater knowledge and better treatment methods, due to the regular emergence of resistance to the antifungal medications used in clinical settings. Antifungal therapy is the mainstay of patient management for acute and chronic mycoses. However, the limited availability of antifungal drug classes limits the range of available treatments. Additionally, several drawbacks to treating mycoses include unfavourable side effects, a limited activity spectrum, a paucity of targets, and fungal resistance, all of which continue to be significant issues in developing antifungal drugs. The emergence of antifungal drug resistance has eliminated accessible drug classes as treatment choices, which significantly compromises the clinical management of fungal illnesses. In some situations, the emergence of strains resistant to many antifungal medications is a major concern. Although new medications have been developed to address this issue, antifungal drug resistance has grown more pronounced, particularly in patients who need long-term care or are undergoing antifungal prophylaxis. Moreover, the mechanisms that cause resistance must be well understood, including modifications in drug target affinities and abundances, along with biofilms and efflux pumps that diminish intracellular drug levels, to find novel antifungal drugs and drug targets. In this review, different classes of antifungal agents, and their resistance mechanisms, have been discussed. The latter part of the review focuses on the strategies by which we can overcome this serious issue of antifungal resistance in humans.

Antifungal drugs

10.3390/antibiotics12030608

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Citations (25)

An Updated Review on Monkeypox Viral Disease: Emphasis on Genomic Diversity

Biomedicines (2023)

Ali A. Rabaan Nada A. Alasiri Mohammed Aljeldah Abeer Alshukairiis Zainab AlMusa

Monkeypox virus has remained the most virulent poxvirus since the elimination of smallpox approximately 41 years ago, with distribution mostly in Central and West Africa. Monkeypox (Mpox) in humans is a zoonotically transferred disease that results in a smallpox-like disease. It was first diagnosed in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and the disease has spread over West and Central Africa. The purpose of this review was to give an up-to-date, thorough, and timely overview on the genomic diversity and evolution of a re-emerging infectious disease. The genetic profile of Mpox may also be helpful in targeting new therapeutic options based on genes, mutations, and phylogeny. Mpox has become a major threat to global health security, necessitating a quick response by virologists, veterinarians, public health professionals, doctors, and researchers to create high-efficiency diagnostic tests, vaccinations, antivirals, and other infection control techniques. The emergence of epidemics outside of Africa emphasizes the disease’s global significance. Increased monitoring and identification of Mpox cases are critical tools for obtaining a better knowledge of the ever-changing epidemiology of this disease.

Monkeypox

Global Health

Smallpox vaccine

10.3390/biomedicines11071832

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Citations (14)

Recent Trends and Developments in Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics

Molecules (2022)

Ali A. Rabaan Rehab Bukhamsin Hajir AlSaihati Saleh Alshamrani Jehad AlSihati

Conventional anticancer treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have significantly improved cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the existing traditional anticancer treatments have been reported to cause serious side effects and resistance to cancer and even to severely affect the quality of life of cancer survivors, which indicates the utmost urgency to develop effective and safe anticancer treatments. As the primary focus of cancer nanotheranostics, nanomaterials with unique surface chemistry and shape have been investigated for integrating cancer diagnostics with treatment techniques, including guiding a prompt diagnosis, precise imaging, treatment with an effective dose, and real-time supervision of therapeutic efficacy. Several theranostic nanosystems have been explored for cancer diagnosis and treatment in the past decade. However, metal-based nanotheranostics continue to be the most common types of nonentities. Consequently, the present review covers the physical characteristics of effective metallic, functionalized, and hybrid nanotheranostic systems. The scope of coverage also includes the clinical advantages and limitations of cancer nanotheranostics. In light of these viewpoints, future research directions exploring the robustness and clinical viability of cancer nanotheranostics through various strategies to enhance the biocompatibility of theranostic nanoparticles are summarised.

Cancer Treatment

Cancer Therapy

10.3390/molecules27248659

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Citations (13)

Tools to Alleviate the Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Molecules (2022)

Ali A. Rabaan Abbas Al Mutair Hawra Albayat Jawaher Alotaibi Tarek Sulaiman

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), an acid-fast bacillus that causes Tuberculosis (TB), is a pathogen that caused 1.5 million deaths in 2020. As per WHO estimates, another 4.1 million people are suffering from latent TB, either asymptomatic or not diagnosed, and the frequency of drug resistance is increasing due to intrinsically linked factors from both host and bacterium. For instance, poor access to TB diagnosis and reduced treatment in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in more TB deaths and an 18% reduction in newly diagnosed cases of TB. Additionally, the detection of Mtb isolates exhibiting resistance to multiple drugs (MDR, XDR, and TDR) has complicated the scenario in the pathogen’s favour. Moreover, the conventional methods to detect drug resistance may miss mutations, making it challenging to decide on the treatment regimen. However, owing to collaborative initiatives, the last two decades have witnessed several advancements in both the detection methods and drug discovery against drug-resistant isolates. The majority of them belong to nucleic acid detection techniques. In this review, we highlight and summarize the molecular mechanism underlying drug resistance in Mtb, the recent advancements in resistance detection methods, and the newer drugs used against drug-resistant TB.

Pandemic

10.3390/molecules27206985

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Citations (5)

Bactericidal activity of five antiseptics onKlebsiella pneumoniaeand its relationship to the presence of efflux pump genes and influence of organic matter

Journal of Chemotherapy (2012)

Abdulmonem A. Abuzaid Ahmed Hamouda Sebastian G. B. Amyes

Klebsiella pneumoniae is responsible for about 8% of hospital-acquired infections. Biocides, including quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and biguanides, are frequently used in hospitals and ther...

Efflux

Biocide

10.1179/1973947812y.0000000030

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Citations (1)