The emergence and existence of zones in the blast furnace due to the laws of heat exchange are considered. In the middle zone of the blast furnace, the temperature of the outgoing gas stream remains relatively constant and no chemical processes occur in it. This is the "thermal reserve zone", the upper part of this zone - the "chemical reserve zone" is represented by wustite, which is not restored. The reserve of this zone is the formation of a gas phase. When additives are added to the charge of ore-coal compositions, iron oxides are reduced (t=1000 °C) by the reaction Fe2O3+C=Fe3O4+CO2 and carbon gasification СО2+С=2СО (Boudoir reaction). The resulting gas phase (CO) intensively reduces iron oxides. Composites for blast furnace smelting are produced from a mixture of blast furnace slurries with cement additives. The mixture is processed into coal pellets or briquettes. Blast furnace smelting at metallurgical plants in Ukraine, South Korea, and Japan has shown that the use of ore-coal composites is an effective additive to the charge of blast furnace smelting to reduce coke consumption. The coal-coal composite effect is based on the theory of "Coupling Phenomenon" between carbon and iron-containing materials in the composite pellet. Their interaction takes place, as research has shown, at temperatures of 250-420°C in a CO atmosphere. Taking into account the Boudoir reaction, the temperature in the thermal reserve zone of the blast furnace decreases by 80-200°C. Thus, in the chemical reserve zone, the recovery of wustite does not occur at 1000°C, but at 920-800°C, and it moves closer to the zones of iron and slag formation. The article analyzes thermograms in a blast furnace taking into account red coal deposits. Chemically, the reserve zone is located in the middle of the mine (from the slag surface) 11.2 m. With an increase in the consumption of composite in the charge (30%), the position of the reserve zone decreases from 11.2 to 6.2 m. The width between the thermograms of 1200°C - 1400°C is a characteristic zone of cohesion, with an increase in the consumption of the composite, it decreases from 2.1 m t (without loading the composite) to 0.9 m with a consumption of the composite of 30%.
Nowadays the sources of the X-rays based on a storage ring with low beam energy and Compton scattering of intense laser beam are under development in several laboratories. In the paper the state-of-art in development and construction of cooperative project of a Kharkov advanced X-ray source NESTOR based on electron storage ring with beam energy 40 - 225 MeV and Nd:YAG laser is described. The layout of the facility is presented and main results and constructing timetable are described. The designed lattice includes 4 dipole magnets with combined focusing functions, 20 quadrupole magnets and 19 sextupoles with octupole component of magnetic field. At the present time a set of quadrupole magnet is under manufacturing and bending magnet reconstruction is going on. The main parameters of developed vacuum system providing residual gas pressure in the storage ring vacuum chamber up to 10-9torr are presented along with testing measurement at NSC KIPT vacuum bench. The basic parameters of the X-rays source system such as laser system, diagnostic system, injection system are presented. The facility is going to be in operation in the middle of 2006 and generated X-rays flux is expected to be of about 1013phot/s.
Development of X-ray generator NESTOR in the National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics&Technology will let significantly extend the scientific program of investigations that are carried out in NSC KIPT, will allow to increase an amount and improve quality of experimental researches in the field of physics and chemistry. In this work, tolerances for accuracy installation of the lattice elements of the complex are defined. Fiducialization of dipole magnets and quadrupole lenses was completed. The methods of lattice element position measurement were detected and ways of their realization were defined. These allow to realize project parameters of NESTOR facility and, first of all, generated X-ray beam intensity.
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