Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been exclusively studied and served to assess the clinical outcomes of treatments and progression of cancer. Most CTC data have mainly been derived from distinct...
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been exclusively studied and served to assess the clinical outcomes of treatments and progression of cancer. Most CTC data have mainly been derived from distinct cohorts or selected tumor types. In the present study, a total of 594 blood samples from 479 cases with 19 different carcinomas and 30 healthy samples were collected and analyzed by Subtraction enrichment method combined with immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH). Non-hematopoietic cells with aneuploid chromosome 8 (more than 2 copies) were regarded as positive CTCs. The results showed that none of CTCs was found in all 30 healthy samples. The overall positive rate of CTCs was 89.0% in diagnosed cancer patients (ranging from 75.0% to 100.0%). Average number of 11, 5, 8 and 4 CTCs per 7.5 mL was observed in lung cancer, liver cancer, renal cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively. Among 19 different carcinomas, the total number of CTCs, tetraploid chromosome 8, polyploid chromosome 8, CTM (Circulating tumor microemboli) and large CTCs in patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ were statistically higher than patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P < 0.05). Furthermore, EpCAM expression was more frequently found in most CTCs than vimentin expression, confirming that these CTCs were of epithelial origin. In addition, small and large CTCs were also classified, and the expression of vimentin was mostly observed in small CTCs and CTM. Our results revealed that there are higher numbers of CTCs, tetraploid, polyploid and large CTCs in patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ, indicating that the quantification of chromosome ploidy performed by SE-iFISH for CTCs might be a useful tool to predict and evaluate therapeutic efficacy as well as to monitoring disease progression.
BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder posing significant risks to maternal and infant health, with a lack of effective early screening markers. Therefore, identifying early screening biomarkers for GDM with higher sensitivity and specificity is urgently needed. MethodsHigh-throughput sequencing was employed to screen for key circular RNAs (circRNAs), which were then evaluated using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between clinical characteristics, circRNA expression, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The diagnostic accuracy of circRNAs for early and mid-pregnancy GDM was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to explore the relationship between circRNA levels and oral glucose tolerance test results. A predictive model for early GDM was established using logistic regression. ResultsSignificant alterations in circRNA expression profiles were detected in GDM patients, with hsa_circ_0031560 and hsa_ circ_0000793 notably upregulated during the first and second trimesters. These circRNAs were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and effectively differentiated GDM patients, with second trimester cohorts achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.836. In first trimester cohorts, these circRNAs identified potential GDM patients with AUCs of 0.832 and 0.765, respectively. The early GDM prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.904, validated in two independent cohorts. ConclusionHsa_circ_0031560, hsa_circ_0000793, and the developed model serve as biomarkers for early prediction or midterm diagnosis of GDM, offering clinical tools for early GDM screening.
ResultsThe median clinical follow-up time from the beginning of first CT application was 30 months (range, 8-130 months.The incidence of severe lymphopenia was only 1% at control evaluation but it was 93% after CRT (p<.001).The median OS time was 24 months (range, 8-126 months).The 2, 3, and 4-year OS rates were 65%, 59%, and 52%, respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in OS in patients with severe lymphopenia and SIR positivity after CRT (p=.75, and p=.31, respectively).Additionally, the severity of baseline lymphopenia or lymphopenia at the control evaluation had no effect on OS rates (p=.75, and p=.92, respectively).Median RFS time was 20 months (range, 6-120 months).The 2, 3, and 4-year RFS rates were 58%, 55%, and 50%, respectively.In univariate analysis, stage 3 disease (p<.001) and MDLN ratio >20% (p<.001) had negative effect on OS.In multivariate analysis for OS, stage III disease (p=.041) and MDLN ratio >20% (p=.032).In univariate analysis for RFS, stage 3 disease (p=.001), and MDLN ratio >20% (p=.011) had negative effect.MDLN ratio >20% was the only significant prognostic factor for RFS in multivariate analysis (p=.033).In the ROC analysis, the AUC for mean splenic doses was 0.741 for OS (p=.042) and 0.680 for RFS (p=.050).Mean splenic dose ≥35 Gy was a significant poor prognostic factor for OS and RFS (p=.042, and p=0.50 respectively).Maximum splenic dose ≥58 Gy effected OS unfavorably (p=.050).Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), intravenous CT, and age ≥65 years were significant predictors for severe lymphopenia. ConclusionSevere lymphopenia could not be accepted as a predictive or prognostic factor for LAGC.Mean and maximum splenic doses should be kept on mind while evaluating the treatment DVHs.Age of patient, iv usage of concomitant CT agent and VMAT are the factors which can influence the ALCs of patients.Disease-related factors such as stage and metastatic lymph node ratio are seen the most important factors.
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