To evaluate the enhancement patterns of liver metastases and their influencing factors using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).A total of 240 patients (139 male and 101 female; 58.5 ± 11.2 years of age) diagnosed with liver metastases in our hospital were enrolled in this study to evaluate tumor characteristics using CEUS. A comparison of enhancement patterns with tumor size and primary tumor type was performed using the chi-square test. The differences between quantitative variables were evaluated with the independent-sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance.The enhancement patterns of liver metastases on CEUS were categorized as diffuse homogeneous hyperenhancement (133/240, 55.4%), rim-like hyperenhancement (80/240, 33.3%), heterogeneous hyperenhancement (10/240, 4.2%), and isoenhancement (17/240, 7.1%). There were significant differences in the enhancement patterns during the arterial phase based on the nodule size (p=0.001). A total of 231 of the nodules showed complete washout during the portal phase, and 237 nodules were hypoenhanced during the delayed phase. The washout time was correlated with tumor vascularity, with a longer washout time observed in hypervascular metastases compared to hypovascular metastases (p=0.033).Diffuse homogeneous hyperenhancement followed by rapid washout was the most common enhancement pattern of liver metastases on CEUS and was affected by the nodule size and tumor vascularity. Small metastases were prone to show diffuse homogeneous hyperenhancement. Hypervascular metastases showed a significantly longer washout time compared to hypovascular metastases.
Peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer is associated with rapid disease progression. Hyperthermic intraoperative peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) done immediately after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) has become an important treatment for peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer patients. However, different treatment options for HIPEC exist with potential influence on survival rates and prognosis in patients, exist. These treatment options include open or closed abdomen technique, perfusion solution, number of catheters, temperature, duration, and drug regimens. This paper aims to provide more evidence on standardization of HIPEC treatment options and technologies by systematically reviewing different drug regimens and technical approaches. The study included 2 randomized controlled trials, 3 phase I/II clinical trials, 2 prospective cohort studies, and 34 retrospective cohort studies, involving 1511 patients. The most common HIPEC option is to dissolve 50-75 mg/m
To compare the enhancement pattern of hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML) on contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and magnetic resonance (MR).The data of seven patients (females; age 28-52 years; mean, 42 years) with histologically proven HAMLs were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent CEUS and MR examination. The images were analyzed by two experienced doctors who blinded to the clinical and pathological information of cases.The mean diameter of the nodule was 5.7 cm (range: 3.2-10 cm). Histopathologic results revealed 4 nodules to be myomatous type and 3 nodules to be mixed type. All nodules showed hyperenhanced during arterial phase on both CEUS and MRI. During portal and delayed phase, washout was more showed on MRI (5/7, 71.4%) than on CEUS (2/7, 28.6%).There is discrepancy of enhancement pattern between CEUS and MRI. The quick wash-in and sustained hyperenhancement on CEUS may be helpful for the diagnosis of HAML.
Our study is to evaluate the effect of thermal ablation on residual VX2 tumor tissue and the efficiency of sorafenib as an adjuvant therapy after insufficient microwave coagulation (MWC) on a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model.Thirty-seven rabbits with orthotic VX2 liver tumors were randomly divided into MWC group (n=11), combination treatment group (n=14), and control group (n=12). The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Analysis of enhancement characteristics included enhancement level, pattern, and location. The necrotic degree of tumor was analyzed by semi-quantitative classification. The apparent diffusion coefficiency (ADC) was calculated using diffused weighted image (DWI).The tumor growth was accelerated in MWC group compared with control group and combination treatment group. A low metastasis rate was shown in combination treatment group compared with other two groups. The degree of necrosis in combination treatment group was greater than that in MWC group. The ADC value on DWI was higher compared with that of the control and MWC group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). With adjuvant therapy of sorafenib after insufficient ablation, the microvessel density (MVD) was lower than that of control group, whereas in MWC group the MVD was higher than that of control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05).Insufficient thermal ablation promotes residual tumor progression. While the adjuvant therapy of sorafenib serves as an effective way to suppress the overgrowth and neovascularization of residual tumor after insufficient thermal ablation.
Abstract Objective Patients with autoimmune diseases often present with olfactory impairment. The aim of the study was to assess the olfactory functions of patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome, and to correlate these findings with their disease activity. Methods Fifty-two patients with primary SS and 52 sex- and age- matched healthy control subjects were included. All of them underwent clinical and laboratory examination. Olfactory functions were evaluated using olfactory function assessment by computerized testing including the three stages of smell: threshold, identification and memory of the different odors. Results All the olfactory scores (olfactory threshold, identification and memory) in patients with pSS were significantly decreased than the control group (all P <0.01). Patients had higher proportion of anosmia (13.5% vs 0%) and hyposmia (19.2% vs 11.5%) than controls (χ 2 =10.526, P <0.01). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that ESSDAI and the symptoms of dryness, fatigue and limb pain had negative influence on olfactory function (adjusted R 2 =0.381, 0.387, 0.513 and 0.614, respectively). ESSPRI showed significantly negative association with olfactory threshold, identification, memory and total scores. Olfactory identification and memory scores were decreased in pSS patients with thyroid dysfunction or hypocomplementemia ( P <0.05). Smell threshold scores were decreased in pSS patients with anti-SSA antibody or anti-nuclear antibody compared with those without those autoantibodies ( P <0.01). Conclusion Our findings indicate that olfactory functions are impaired in pSS patients. There was close correlation between olfactory dysfunction with disease severity and immunological abnormalities. Immune and systemic inflammation dysregulation might play a role in the mechanism of this defect.
The aim of this study is to identify prognostic imaging biomarkers and create a radiogenomics nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) in gastric cancer (GC).RNA sequencing data from 407 patients with GC and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) imaging data from 46 patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) were utilized to identify radiogenomics biomarkers. A total of 392 patients with CECT images from the Nanfang Hospital database were obtained to create and validate a radiogenomics nomogram based on the biomarkers.The prognostic imaging features that correlated with the prognostic gene modules (selected by weighted gene coexpression network analysis) were identified as imaging biomarkers. A nomogram that integrated the radiomics score and clinicopathological factors was created and validated in the Nanfang Hospital database. Nomogram discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness were evaluated.Three prognostic imaging biomarkers were identified and had a strong correlation with four prognostic gene modules (P < 0.05, FDR < 0.05). The radiogenomics nomogram (AUC = 0.838) resulted in better performance of the survival prediction than that of the TNM staging system (AUC = 0.765, P = 0.011; Delong et al.). In addition, the radiogenomics nomogram exhibited good discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness in both the training and validation cohorts.The novel prognostic radiogenomics nomogram that was constructed achieved excellent correlation with prognosis in both the training and validation cohort of Nanfang Hospital patients with GC. It is anticipated that this work may assist in clinical preferential treatment decisions and promote the process of precision theranostics in the future.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)