Oxidative stress plays a vital role in implicating various pathological conditions in the development of various human diseases. Cow urine therapy has strong scientific evidence for its various therapeutic actions on cancer, oxidative stress, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, epilepsy, inflammation, wound healing, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity as an antitoxic agent and kidney diseases, etc. This shows cow urine derived from animal source as an effective antioxidant very much useful to counteract oxidative stress-mediated diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize the research updates on implications of Indian cow urine for its role as a potential antioxidant as a therapeutic alternative in treating various human diseases in preventing and repairing the deleterious damage caused due to oxidative stress. This review helps in understanding the potential role of cow urine as an antioxidant in treating various human diseases triggered by oxidative stress as a therapeutic alternative.
The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2) play a crucial role in cellular redox and metabolic system. Activation of Nrf2 may be an effective therapeutic approach for neuroinflammatory disorders, through activation of antioxidant defences system, lower the inflammation, line up the mitochondrial function, and balancing of protein homeostasis. Various recent studies revealed that many of active substance obtained from plants have been found to activate the Nrf2 and to exert neuroprotective effects in various experimental models, raising the possibility that activation of Nrf2 may be an effective therapeutic approaches for neuroinflammatory disorders. The objective of this review was to evaluate the neuroprotective property of natural substance against neuroinflammatory disorders by reviewing the studies done till today. The outcomes of various in vitro and in vivo examinations have shown that natural compounds producing neuroprotective effects in neuronal system via activation of Nrf2. Herein, we also reviewed the studies to understand the role of Nrf2 for curing CNS disorders. Here we can conclude, herbal/natural moieties having potency to fight and prevent from neuroinflammatory disorders due to their abilities to activate Nrf2 pathway.
During the epidemic season, over 90% of respiratory disease is associated with bronchial Asthma. Both Allergens and Inflammatory mediators mediated inflammation have been involved in the pathophysiology of but oxidative stress in respiratory cells has been shown to be dominant. The on-going inflammation increases the chemotaxis of oxidative stress to inflamed site providing to their production. The pharmacological production of oxidative stress can be suppressed with Antioxidants. Screening of plants which can be used in treatment of respiratory tracts disorders (e.g. Asthma), we have selected some herbs or plants which can be a potential source of antioxidant compounds for limiting of oxidative stress in Asthma. The books on ethno-medicine, pharmacology and pharmacognosy includingEthnomedicine book by Pamela Erickson, Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, by Goodman, L. S., Gilman, A., Hardman, J. G., Gilman, A. G., &Limbird, L. E., Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy Textbook by William Charles Evans and etc were explored for Antioxidants,Allium sativum,Artemisia annua,Anchomanesdifformis, Saururuschinensis, Mentha, Petasites japonicas, Phytolaccaesculentaand other plants. Additionally, information on the ethno-botany, Phytochemistry, morphology, taxonomy, modern medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities were collected in electronic databases including Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed using the keywords traditional medicine for Asthma, ethnomedicine, Natural Antioxidants, pathogenesis of and Oxidative stress in asthma. Then, the available articles from 1975 to 2020 were employed for this study.Alliumsativum,Artemisia annua,Anchomanesdifformis, Saururuschinensis, Mentha, Petasites japonicas, Phytolaccaesculentaand some other herbs or plants have shown a potential antioxidant activity for the suppression of oxidative stress. These herbs were used traditionally in formularies or by rural people as Anti-cough, Anti-allergic and etc. In modern medicine, the extract of these natural herbs showed antioxidant activity. Asthma is a chronic airway disease which cannot be cured permanently with anti-asthmatic drugs. Anti-asthmatic drugs have various side effects on the vital organs of the body. Thus, there is necessary to treat the asthma with some natural herbs. The below mentioned herbs having the potential antioxidant activity which exhibits important role in the treatment of the Asthma.
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