The verbal abilities of autistic children differ from those of typically developing ones and they also differ among autistic children themselves. Neuroanatomical changes and an abnormal organization of functional networks are expected to accompany such a neurodevelopmental disorder. The aim of this study was to delineate the brain neuroanatomical changes in Egyptian children with autism and to compare them with previous studies in order to add more insight into the global brain imaging deviations linked to autism.Twenty-five autistic children and 25 typically developing children underwent MRI. Further analysis was performed using surface-based morphometry to obtain cortical thickness, brain volume, and cortical complexity.MRI analysis results revealed significantly greater cortical thickness, cortical complexity, and gray matter volume in the autistic as compared to the control group. On the other hand, the white matter volume was significantly smaller.These findings generally align with findings in previous studies, except for occasional differences.

Typically developing

Brain Development

10.1159/000368962

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Citations (2)

The effect of reducing repetition time TR on the measurement of liver R2 for the purpose of measuring liver iron concentration

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (2010)

Helen L. Pavitt Yeşim Aydınok Amal El‐Beshlawy Selen Bayraktaroğlu Ahmed S. Ibrahim

The effects of reducing the pulse repetition time from 2500 ms to 1000 ms when using spin-density-projection-assisted R2-magnetic resonance imaging for the purpose of measuring liver iron concentration were evaluated. Repeated liver R2 measurements were made using both protocols on 60 subjects with liver iron concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 48.6 mg Fe (g dry tissue)−1. The mean total scan time at repetition time 1000 ms was 42% of that at repetition time 2500 ms. The repeatability coefficients for the two protocols were not significantly different from each other. A systematic difference in the measured R2 using each protocol was found indicating that an adjustment factor is required when one protocol is used to replace the other. The 95% limits of agreement between the two protocols were not significantly different from their repeatability coefficients indicating that the protocols can be interchanged without any significant change in accuracy or precision of liver iron concentration measurement. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Repetition (rhetorical device)

10.1002/mrm.22712

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Citations (20)

Density-Based Spectral Clustering for Scheduling D2d Communications (Dbschedule)

SSRN Electronic Journal (2022)

Ahmed Elsheikh Ahmed S. Ibrahim Mahmoud H. Ismail

Wireless link scheduling in device-to-device (D2D) networks is an NP-hard problem. As a solution, multiple supervised deep learning (DL) models have been recently proposed, which depend on the geographical information of D2D pairs. However, such DL models require labeled training data. In this paper, we focus on unsupervised learning of scheduling. More specifically, this paper proposes using a Density-Based Spectral Clustering for Scheduling D2D Communications (DBSChedule). The proposed algorithm is a two-step approach that consists of clustering and anti-clustering. First, clustering aims at identifying the non-interfering groups of D2D pairs. Then, anti-clustering aims at identifying the maximally separated sub-groups to minimize the interference. The clustering step uses a fully-automated unsupervised density-based spectral-clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and the anti-clustering uses the inverse of the objective function of the k-means clustering. Results show comparable performance with the optimal FPLinQ scheduler yet without requiring any channel information nor is there a requirement to solve a complex optimization problem. Moreover, a comparable performance to the previous attempts using DL and modified clustering is achieved while being completely adaptive and easily accommodating to changes in the network layout.

10.2139/ssrn.4208617

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The role of MRI-R2* in the detection of subclinical pancreatic iron loading among transfusion-dependent sickle cell disease patients and correlation with hepatic and cardiac iron loading

Insights into Imaging (2022)

Basant Mohamed Raief Mosaad Ahmed S. Ibrahim Mohamed G. Mansour Mohsen Saleh Elalfy Fatma Soliman Elsayed Ebeid

Pancreatic reserve could be preserved by early assessment of pancreatic iron overload among transfusion-dependent sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. This study aimed to measure pancreatic iron load and correlate its value with patients' laboratory and radiological markers of iron overload.Sixty-six SCD children and young adults underwent MRI T2* relaxometry using a simple mathematical spreadsheet and laboratory assessment.The results indicated moderate-to-severe hepatic iron overload among 65.2% of studied cases. None had cardiac iron overload. Normal-to-mild iron overload was present in the pancreas in 86% of cases, and 50% had elevated serum ferritin > 2500 ug/L. There was no significant correlation between pancreatic R2* level, serum ferritin, and hepatic iron overload. Patients with higher levels of hemolysis markers and lower pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels showed moderate-to-severe pancreatic iron overload.Chronically transfused patients with SCD have a high frequency of iron overload complications including pancreatic iron deposition, thereby necessitating proper monitoring of the body's overall iron balance as well as detection of extrahepatic iron depositions.

Subclinical infection

Siderosis

Transfusion Therapy

10.1186/s13244-022-01280-x

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Citations (4)

GlutathioneS-transferase gene polymorphism: Relation to cardiac iron overload in Egyptian patients with Beta Thalassemia Major

Hematology (2015)

Galila M. Mokhtar Eman M. Sherif Nevin M. Habeeb Abeer A. Abdelmaksoud Eman A. Elghoroury

Estimating the prevalence of glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphism (GSTM1) null genotype among patients with beta thalassemia major (β-TM) in relation to myocardial status assessed by tissue Doppler and cardiac siderosis assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2*.Hundred patients with β-TM and 100 healthy controls were enrolled. Complete blood count (CBC), mean serum ferritin and GSTM1 genotyping, echocardiography, tissue Doppler, and cardiac MRI T2* were done.Serum ferritin ranged from 1200 to 8000 ng/ml, and mean T2* value was 27.10 ± 11.20 ms. Of patients, 68 (68%) had no cardiac siderosis, while 24 (24%) with mild to moderate, and 8 (8%) with sever cardiac siderosis. T2* values were not correlated with serum ferritin (r = -0.09, P = 0.50). GSTM1 null genotype was prevalent in 46% of patients and 40% of controls (P = 0.69). Patients with null genotype had significantly shorter T2* (P = 0.001), higher left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P = 0.002), and shorter ejection time (P = 0.005) with no significant relation to serum ferritin (P = 0.122). GSTM1 null genotype was the only predictor for cardiac iron overload (P = 0.002).Serum ferritin concentrations have been shown to correlate poorly with all stages of cardiac dysfunction. Low cardiac MRI T2* values occur in patients with β-TM despite good chelation therapy, suggesting a possible role of genetic factors in cardiac siderosis.GSTM1 null genotype is significantly associated with cardiac iron overload independent of serum ferritin in Egyptian patients with β-TM.

Beta thalassemia

Glutathione S-transferase

10.1179/1607845415y.0000000046

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Presentation, care, and outcomes of patients with NSTEMI according to World Bank country income classification: the ACVC-EAPCI EORP NSTEMI Registry of the European Society of Cardiology

European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes (2023)

Ramesh Nadarajah Peter Ludman Cécile Laroche Yolande Appelman Salvatore Brugaletta

The majority of NSTEMI burden resides outside high-income countries (HICs). We describe presentation, care, and outcomes of NSTEMI by country income classification.

Presentation (obstetrics)

10.1093/ehjqcco/qcad008

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Citations (6)

The role of sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcolemma in the regulation of cardiac contractility at different times and higher extracellur potassium in the cardiac muscle of catfish and toad.

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology/Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology (2010)

Mohamed F. El-Sayed Ahmed S. Ibrahim Hanan Okil Doa a Abdel-karim

The relative contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and sarcolemma in the regulation of cardiac contractility (twitch force, the rate of contraction and the rate of relaxation) at different time periods (10, 20 and 30 minuted) and at elevated extracellular potassium (5.omM) was assessed in the ventricular tissues of catfish and toad using adrenaline as an activator of SRCa 2+ uptake, caffeine as an inhibitor of SRCa 2+ uptake and verapamil as an inhibitor of sarcolemmal Ca 2+ exchange.Cardiac contractility (twitch force, rate of contraction "df/dt" and the rate of relaxation -"df/dt") tended to decrease with increasing of the time periods from 10 to 20 and 30 minutes in the catfish and toad ventricular tissues at 2.5 and 5.omMK + , Elevated extracellular K + had a positive inotropic effect on the twitch force developed at 20 and 30 minutes in the catfish cardiac muscle, but it had non significant negative effect in the toad cardiac muscle at the same periods.The df/dt developed after 30 minutes was significantly lower in the presence of 5.omMK + than that developed at 2.5mMK + in the catfish cardiac muscle, whereas the effect of elevated K + on df/dt was similar to that of 2.5mMK O at all the time periods applied in the toad cardiac muscle.Elevated K + had a negative inotropic effect on the-df/dt developed at all time periods applied in the catfish cardiac muscle, but it had no effect on the-df/dt developed in the toad cardiac muscle at the same time periods.Adrenaline, like caffeine had a positive inotropic effect on the twitch force, df/dt and -df/dt developed after all the time periods applied at 2.5 and 5.omMK + in the ventricular tissues of both animals, relative to that of control.But, the positive inotropic effect of caffeine on the cardiac contractility was significantly lower than that of adrenaline at 2.5 and 5.omMK + O and at the different time periods applied (specially after 30 minutes) for both animals.Verapamil had a significantly negative inotropic effect on the cardiac contractility developed after all time periods applied at 2.5 and 5.omMK + in both animals, relative to that of control.However the negative inotropic effect of verapamil on the cardiac contractility was significantly higher at elevated K + than at 2.5mMK + .The twitch force developed after all time periods applied in the toad cardiac muscle was significantly lower than that in the catfish cardiac muscle after the same periods in either 2.5 or 5.omMK + .In the presence of adrenaline, the twitch force developed in the toad cardiac muscle after each period applied was non-significantly higher than that developed in the catfish cardiac muscle at 2.5 and 5.omMK, + whereas it was significantly higher than that of catfish cardiac muscle in the presence of caffeine at 2.5 and 5.omMK + after the same time periods.In the presence of verapamil, the twitch force developed after each time periods in the toad cardiac muscle was significantly and non-significantly higher than that of catfish cardiac muscle at 2.5 and 5.omMK + respectively.The df/dt developed after each period applied in the catfish cardiac muscle was to somewhat similar to that developed in the Mohamed F. El-Sayed et al. 100toad cardiac muscle at 2.5 and 5.omMK + , but in the presence of adrenaline, it was significantly lower than that of toad cardiac muscle at 2.5 and 5.omMK + , whereas in the presence of caffeine, it was non-signifantly higher than that of toad cardiac muscle.In the presence of verapamil, the df/dt developed in the catfish cardiac muscle after the time period applied was significantly lower than that of toad cardiac muscle at 2.5 and 5.omMK + , also.The -df/dt developed in the catfish cardiac muscle after the time periods applied was similar to that of toad cardiac muscle at 2.5mMK + , but it was non-significantly lower than that of toad cardiac muscle at 5.omMK + .In the presence of adrenaline, the -df/dt developed after the time periods applied in the catfish cardiac muscle was significantly lower than that of the toad cardiac muscle at 2.5 and 5.omMK + , whereas the opposite situation was recorded in the presence of caffeine.In the presence of verapamil at 2.5mMK + , the-df/dt developed after the time periods applied in the catfish cardiac muscle was signifantly lower than that of the toad cardiac muscle, whereas it was similar in the cardiac muscle of both animals at 5.omMK + .So, it can be concluded that the cardiac contractility in the catfish and toad ventricular tissues is time dependent.Also, it seems that the sarcolemmal Ca 2+ exchanges partake in the regulation of cardiac contractility in the ventricular tissue of both animal But, the contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum in the regulation of cardiac force was higher in the toad cardiac muscle than that of catfish cardiac muscle.Elevated extracellular K + had a positive inotropic effect on the cardiac contractility in both animals.

Sarcolemma

Contractility

Cardiac muscle

10.21608/eajbsc.2010.16269

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Citations (2)